flower_perianth_differentiation
Explore the data for this trait in the portal
- Label: Perianth differentiation
- Entity URI: https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012461
- Type: categorical
- Definition: A floral organ morphology trait [TO:0000862] which indicates whether petals [PO:0009032] and sepals [PO:0009031] are differentiated or identical and the various ways they can be identical or different.;The ways in which perianth organs may look different from each other in a given flower.
- Additional comments: Typically, outer perianth parts are sepaloid and protect the other floral organs during floral development, while inner organs are often petaloid and play a role in pollinator attraction (Endress, 1994). However, it is also possible that all parts are either sepaloid or petaloid but remain differentiated in shape, size, and/or texture. In case of spiral perianths, differentiation may be continuous (i.e., gradual), whereby two successively initiated organs are very similar or only slightly different, while the outermost and innermost organs at both ends of the spiral are very different from each other (e.g., Chimonanthus). In the special case of perianths consisting of a single whorl, they are scored as undifferentiated. This perianth differentiation trait may be seen as both functional (the parting vs. sharing of functions among perianth parts) and developmental (the expression of a genetic program for different forms of perianth parts vs. a single program for a single type of perianth part morphology). Within-whorl differentiation, whereby organs of the same whorl take different forms, is common in zygomorphic flowers (e.g., Balsaminaceae, Fabaceae, Orchidaceae) but is not taken into account with this trait. This trait is not applicable when the perianth is absent. Definition and trait values derived from Schoenenberger et al. (2020) for their character '234. Perianth differentiation (D1)'
- Allowed values:
value description continuous_differentiation_among_petaloid_tepals A flower with series of tepals that all resemble petals, which display continuous, gradual differentiation between whorls. continuous_differentiation_among_sepaloid_tepals A flower with series of tepals that all resemble sepals, which display continuous, gradual differentiation between whorls. continuous_differentiation_outer_sepaloid_inner_petaloid A flower with multiple whorls, where there is continuous differentiation between the outer sepaloid parts and the inner petaloid parts. marked_differentiation A flower with marked differentiation between whorls, but without an indication if the perianth whorls are petals, sepals, or tepals. marked_differentiation_among_petaloid_tepals A flower with tepals that all resemble petals, but with marked differentiation between whorls of tepals. marked_differentiation_among_sepaloid_tepals A flower with tepals that all resemble sepals, but with marked differentiation between whorls of tepals. marked_differentiation_outer_sepaloid_inner_petaloid A typical flower with a distinct calyx and corolla. undifferentiated Flower were all tepals are alike, including flowers with a single, undifferentiated whorl. very_weak_differentiation A flower with very weak between whorls, but without an indication if the perianth whorls are petals, sepals, or tepals. weak_differentiation A flower with weak between whorls, but without an indication if the perianth whorls are petals, sepals, or tepals.
See the AusTraits Plant Dictionary (https://w3id.org/APD/traits/trait_0012461) for additional information about this trait.
Coverage
For this trait, AusTraits includes a total of 1,376 records. This includes:
- data for 1,280 species.
- data for 216 families.
- data from 2 datasets (see the portal Citations tab for a list of sources)