AusTraits

Abutilon otocarpum

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Malvaceae

Taxonomy: Abutilon otocarpum F.Muell.

Synonyms: 5 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Abutilon sp. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Kochia decaptera F.Muell. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Kochia triptera var. pentaptera J.M.Black (taxonomic synonym)
  • Sida otocarpa (F.Muell.) F.Muell. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Sida otocarpa F.Muell. (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA, NT, SA, Qld, NSW, Vic

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ANBG_2019 (6), Clarke_2015 (3), Crowley_2007 (2), Dong_2017 (22), Draper_2023 (3), Fonseca_2000 (5), Islam_1999_1 (25), Islam_1999_2 (24), Jurado_1991 (5), Kew_2019_1 (4), Kew_2019_5 (1), Kew_2019_6 (6), Leishman_1992 (7), McGlone_2015 (6), Moles_2003 (4), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (3), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (11), NSWFRD_2014 (4), NTH_2022 (3), NTH_2023 (6), Nano_2011 (2), RBGV_2022 (4), RBGV_2023 (13), RussellSmith_2012 (4), SAH_2022 (4), SAH_2023 (13), Sjostrom_2006 (2), Soliveres_2012 (3), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wenk_2023_2 (1), White_2020 (19), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (31). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 89 traits from 259 records in 38 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (5); partial_resprouting (1); resprouts (1) [sources: Clarke_2015; Crowley_2007; NSWFRD_2014; Nano_2011; RussellSmith_2012; White_2020]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (1) [sources: Clarke_2015]
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): yellow_orange (1) [sources: eFLOWER_Dun_2022]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 10 mm (10-10 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 6.58 mm (3-10 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_height (numerical): 7.75 mm (6.5-10 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): capsule (1); mericarp (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (2) [sources: SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_colour (categorical): brown (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 495.13 mm2 (401.4-542 mm2) [sources: Fonseca_2000; Jurado_1991; Leishman_1992]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 57.5 mm (15-80 mm) [sources: McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 46.37 mm (19.1-60 mm) [sources: Fonseca_2000; McGlone_2015; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_dry_mass (numerical): 42 mg (42-42 mg) [sources: Fonseca_2000]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 149.5 g/m2 (104.17-245.89 g/m2) [sources: Dong_2017; Fonseca_2000]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): cordate (1); narrowly_ovate (1); orbicular (2); ovate (1); widely_ovate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): toothed (1); toothed_crenate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (4) [sources: McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2014_2; NTH_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (4) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (4) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (2) [sources: Munroe_2019; White_2020]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (2); shrub (9); subshrub (4) [sources: Fonseca_2000; Jurado_1991; Leishman_1992; McGlone_2015; Moles_2003; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; NTH_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Soliveres_2012; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (8) [sources: Leishman_1992; Moles_2003; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (1); woody (5) [sources: NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): compact (1); erect (1); prostrate (1); sprawling (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (2) [sources: Dong_2017; White_2020]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (3); barochory (2); zoochory (1) [sources: Draper_2023; Jurado_1991; Kew_2019_5; Soliveres_2012; White_2020]
  • dispersers (categorical): invertebrates (1); passive (1); wind (2) [sources: Draper_2023; Soliveres_2012; White_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnnnnn (1); yynnnnnnnnny (1); yyyyyyyyyynn (1); yyyyyyyyyyyy (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; WAH_1998; White_2020]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (2) [sources: RussellSmith_2012; White_2020]
  • seed_viability (numerical): 0.52 {count}/{count} (0.52-0.52 {count}/{count}) [sources: Moles_2003]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • storage_organ (categorical): no_storage_organ (1) [sources: Leishman_1992]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_stem_buds (2); bud-bearing_root (2); none (1); rhizome (2) [sources: Clarke_2015; Crowley_2007; Nano_2011]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 22.53 mg/g (13-30.54 mg/g) [sources: Dong_2017; Islam_1999_1; Islam_1999_2]
  • leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 1.5 mg/g (0.98-2.07 mg/g) [sources: Islam_1999_1; Islam_1999_2]
  • leaf_delta13C (numerical): -26.77 {delta}[ppth] (-29.13--24.22 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Dong_2017]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 1.68 mg (0.51-2.58 mg) [sources: ANBG_2019; Kew_2019_1; Leishman_1992]
  • seed_length (numerical): 2.31 mm (2.31-2.31 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019]
  • seed_width (numerical): 1.71 mm (1.71-1.71 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019]
  • seed_shape (categorical): reniform (3) [sources: ANBG_2019; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
eFLOWER_Dun_20222431L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
Islam_1999_1525M. Islam, D. W. Turner, and M. A. Adams. “Phosphorus availability and the growth, mineral composition and nutritive value of ephemeral forbs and associated perennials from the Pilbara, Western Australia”. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 39 (1999), pp. 149-159. doi: 10.1071/EA98133.
Islam_1999_2624M. Islam and M. Adams. “Mineral content and nutritive value of native grasses and the response to added phosphorus in a Pilbara rangeland”. Tropical Grasslands 33 (1999), pp. 193-200.
Dong_2017822N. Dong, I. C. Prentice, B. J. Evans, S. Caddy-Retalic, A. J. Lowe, and I. J. Wright. “Leaf nitrogen from first principles: field evidence for adaptive variation with climate”. Biogeosciences 14.2 (2017), pp. 481-495. doi: 10.5194/bg-14-481-2017.
White_20201919M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
RBGV_20231113VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_20231013S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
NHNSW_20231011N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Leishman_199277M. R. Leishman and M. Westoby. “Classifying plants into groups on the basis of associations of individual traits-Evidence from Australian semi-arid woodlands”. Journal of Ecology 80 (1992), pp. 417-424. doi: 10.2307/2260687.
ANBG_201966Australian National Botanic Gardens. The National Seed Bank. 2018. url: http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/living/seedbank/.
Kew_2019_616Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
McGlone_201566M. S. McGlone, S. J. Richardson, G. J. Jordan, and G. L. Perry. “Is there a `suboptimal' woody species height? A response to Scheffer et al.”. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 30.1 (2015), pp. 4-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2014.09.007.
NTH_202366D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Fonseca_200055C. R. Fonseca, J. M. Overton, B. Collins, and M. Westoby. “Shifts in trait-combinations along rainfall and phosphorus gradients”. Journal of Ecology 88 (2000), pp. 964-977. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00506.x.
Jurado_199155E. Jurado. “Diaspore weight, dispersal, growth form and perenniality of central Australian plants”. Journal of Ecology 79 (1991), pp. 811-828.
Kew_2019_114Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Moles_200344A. T. Moles, D. I. Warton, and M. Westoby. “Seed size and survival in the soil in arid Australia”. Austral Ecology 28.5 (2003), pp. 575-585. doi: 10.1046/j.1442-9993.2003.01314.x.
NSWFRD_201444B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
RBGV_202244VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
RussellSmith_201244J. Russell-Smith, M. R. Gardener, C. Brock, K. Brennan, C. P. Yates, and B. Grace. “Fire persistence traits can be used to predict vegetation response to changing fire regimes at expansive landscape scales - an Australian example”. Journal of Biogeography 39 (2012), pp. 1657-1668. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02714.x.
SAH_202244S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Clarke_201533P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Draper_202333J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
NHNSW_2014_233Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NHNSW_202233N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NTH_202233D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Soliveres_201233S. Soliveres, D. J. Eldridge, F. Hemmings, and F. T. Maestre. “Nurse plant effects on plant species richness in drylands: The role of grazing, rainfall and species specificity”. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 14 (2012), pp. 402-410. doi: 10.1016/j.ppees.2012.09.003.
WAH_2022_233Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Crowley_200722G. Crowley, M. Gardener, and M. Marrinan. Tropical savannas fire response database. 2007. url: [www.landmanager.org.au](www.landmanager.org.au).
Nano_201122C. E. M. Nano and P. J. Clarke. “How do drought and fire influence the patterns of resprouting in Australian deserts?”. Plant Ecology 212 (2011), pp. 2095-2110. doi: 10.1007/s11258-011-9988-x.
Sjostrom_200622A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
WAH_2023_212Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Kew_2019_511Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed dispersal data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
WAH_199811Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.
Wenk_2023_211E. Wenk and D. Coleman. “Unpublished: Rain and flood-related flowering cues for Australia's flora, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2023.