AusTraits

Allocasuarina littoralis

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Casuarinaceae

Taxonomy: Allocasuarina littoralis (Salisb.) L.A.S.Johnson

Synonyms: 8 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Casuarina elegans L.Gentil (taxonomic synonym)
  • Casuarina filiformis L.Gentil (taxonomic synonym)
  • Casuarina leptoclada Miq. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Casuarina littoralis Salisb. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Casuarina moesta F.Muell. ex Miq. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Casuarina suberosa Otto & A.Dietr. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Casuarina suberosa Otto & A.Dietr. var. suberosa (taxonomic synonym)
  • Casuarina suberosa var. typica Domin (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): Qld, NSW, ACT, Vic, Tas

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, Vic Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_2022 (4), ABRS_2023 (12), ANBG_2019 (2), Benwell_2024 (4), Cheal_2017 (8), Chen_2017 (4), Clarke_2009 (8), Clarke_2015 (3), Collette_2021 (1), Everingham_2020 (543), Fonseca_2000 (17), Gallagher_2018 (20), Hughes_1992 (5), Ilic_2000 (3), Jagdish_2020 (7), Jordan_2001 (7), Kew_2019_1 (7), Kew_2019_6 (3), Kubiak_2009 (4), Lee_2019 (24), Leishman_1993 (1), Leishman_1995 (5), Leishman_2007 (3), McGlone_2015 (6), Mokany_2015 (1), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (4), NHNSW_2022 (4), NHNSW_2023 (13), NSWFRD_2014 (13), Nicholson_2017 (3), Ooi_2007 (101), Pickup_2021 (20), RBGV_2022 (4), RBGV_2023 (11), Schmidt_1997 (7), Sjostrom_2006 (3), TMAG_2009 (13), Tomlinson_2013 (1), Tsujii_2023 (13), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Westoby_2014 (32), White_2020 (20), Williams_2011 (9), Williams_2012 (3), Wright_2000 (11). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 125 traits from 991 records in 47 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (5); partial_resprouting (5); resprouts (5) [sources: Benwell_2024; Cheal_2017; Clarke_2009; Clarke_2015; Kubiak_2009; NSWFRD_2014; Nicholson_2017; Pickup_2021; Schmidt_1997; White_2020; Williams_2012]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (9) [sources: Benwell_2024; Cheal_2017; Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014; Pickup_2021; Williams_2012]
  • fire_time_from_fire_to_flowering (numerical): 36 mo (36-36 mo) [sources: NSWFRD_2014]
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): red_brown (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • sex_type (categorical): dioecious (4); monoecious (1) [sources: ABRS_2022; Jordan_2001; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 7 mm (4-10 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): nut (1); samara (6) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; Sjostrom_2006; TMAG_2009; Wright_2000]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (4) [sources: Chen_2017; Jordan_2001; Sjostrom_2006; Wright_2000]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (1); indehiscent (3) [sources: Chen_2017; RBGV_2023; Sjostrom_2006; Wright_2000]
  • fruit_colour (categorical): black (2); brown (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 77.14 mm2 (20.8-157.08 mm2) [sources: Fonseca_2000; Gallagher_2018; Mokany_2015; Westoby_2014]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 5.25 mm (0.5-10 mm) [sources: McGlone_2015; ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; TMAG_2009]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 0.7 mm (0.4-1 mm) [sources: Fonseca_2000; McGlone_2015; ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; TMAG_2009]
  • leaf_dry_mass (numerical): 17.52 mg (8-32.55 mg) [sources: Fonseca_2000; Gallagher_2018]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 288.6 g/m2 (166.16-476.19 g/m2) [sources: Fonseca_2000; Gallagher_2018; Leishman_1995; Leishman_2007; Tsujii_2023; Westoby_2014]
  • leaf_type (categorical): scale (2) [sources: McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): toothed (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): whorled (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): cladode (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; TMAG_2009]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (3) [sources: Munroe_2019; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (1); shrub (6); tree (15) [sources: ABRS_2022; Clarke_2009; Fonseca_2000; Hughes_1992; Leishman_1995; McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; Pickup_2021; RBGV_2022; Schmidt_1997; TMAG_2009; Wenk_2022; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • life_form (categorical): phanerophyte (1) [sources: Williams_2011]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (7) [sources: ABRS_2022; Cheal_2017; Jordan_2001; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; TMAG_2009; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: TMAG_2009; Tomlinson_2013]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): nitrogen_fixer (2) [sources: White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • root_structure (categorical): arbuscular_mycorrhizal (1); ectomycorrhizal (1) [sources: Schmidt_1997]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): abiotic (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_system (categorical): abiotic (1) [sources: Williams_2011]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (5) [sources: Hughes_1992; Leishman_1995; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • dispersers (categorical): wind (3) [sources: Leishman_1995; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnyynnnnnn (1); yyyyyyyyyyyy (2) [sources: Hughes_1992; TMAG_2009; White_2020]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): canopy_seedbank (2); none (4) [sources: Benwell_2024; NSWFRD_2014; Pickup_2021]
  • serotiny (categorical): serotinous (1) [sources: Hughes_1992]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): long_persistent (1); transient (6) [sources: Cheal_2017; NSWFRD_2014; Pickup_2021; White_2020]
  • seed_dormancy_class (categorical): non_dormant (2) [sources: Collette_2021; Ooi_2007]
  • seed_viability (numerical): 0.24 {count}/{count} (0.15-0.32 {count}/{count}) [sources: Everingham_2020]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1); vegetative (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; White_2020]
  • clonal_spread_mechanism (categorical): non_clonal (1) [sources: Williams_2011]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_buds (1); basal_stem_buds (2); epicormic_buds (4); stem_buds (1) [sources: Clarke_2009; Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014; Williams_2012]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 13.18 mg/g (10.1-17.2 mg/g) [sources: Gallagher_2018; Leishman_2007; Schmidt_1997; Tsujii_2023; Westoby_2014]
  • leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.31 mg/g (0.22-0.38 mg/g) [sources: Gallagher_2018; Leishman_2007; Tsujii_2023; Westoby_2014]
  • leaf_delta13C (numerical): -24.59 {delta}[ppth] (-24.59--24.59 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Westoby_2014]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 2.47 mg (0.1-4.22 mg) [sources: ANBG_2019; Everingham_2020; Jagdish_2020; Kew_2019_1; Leishman_1993; Leishman_1995; Ooi_2007; Williams_2011]
  • seed_length (numerical): 4.25 mm (1.55-10 mm) [sources: Everingham_2020; Jordan_2001; RBGV_2023]
  • seed_width (numerical): 1.57 mm (0.8-2.82 mm) [sources: Everingham_2020; Jordan_2001]
  • seed_shape (categorical): winged (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.54 mg/mm3 (0.26-0.8 mg/mm3) [sources: Everingham_2020; Ilic_2000; Lee_2019; Westoby_2014]
  • huber_value (numerical): 0 mm2{sapwood}/mm2{leaf} (0-0 mm2{sapwood}/mm2{leaf}) [sources: Westoby_2014]
  • stem_mass_fraction (numerical): 0.76 g/g (0.39-0.92 g/g) [sources: Everingham_2020]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Everingham_202013543S. E. Everingham, C. A. Offord, M. E. B. Sabot, and A. T. Moles. “Time travelling seeds reveal that plant regeneration and growth traits are responding to climate change”. Ecology 102 (2020), p. e03272. doi: 10.1002/ecy.3272.
Ooi_20072101M. K. J. Ooi, P. Myerscough, and T. Auld. “Unpublished data: Longterm seed mass field campaign, University of New South Wales”. 2007.
Westoby_20143232S. M. Gleason, D. W. Butler, K. Zieminska, P. Waryszak, and M. Westoby. “Stem xylem conductivity is key to plant water balance across Australian angiosperm species”. Functional Ecology 26 (2012), pp. 343-352. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.01962.x.
Lee_2019524M. R. Lee, J. R. Powell, B. Oberle, W. K. Cornwell, M. Lyons, J. L. Rigg, and A. E. Zanne. “Good neighbors aplenty: fungal endophytes rarely exhibit competitive exclusion patterns across a span of woody habitats”. Ecology 100.9 (2019), p. e02790. doi: 10.1002/ecy.2790.
Gallagher_2018520R. Gallagher, A. Phillips, B. Laugier-Kitchener, C. Laws, D. Lanceman, D. M. Londono, E. McFarlane, J. Foster, K. Marais, L. Pollitt, L. Kovac, M. Lambert, S. Amini, T. Boreham, T. Pyne, H. McPherson, M. Rossetto, M. van der Merwe, I. Wright, and and Matthew Alfonzetti. “Unpublished data: Trait campaign with the Royal Botanical Gardens, Macquarie University”. 2018.
Pickup_2021520M. Pickup and T. McDonald. Bushfire impacts — A national model for assessing local landscape restoration priorities. Project Phoenix Report. Greening Australia, 2021. url: https://www.greeningaustralia.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/1.02R2.pdf.
White_20202020M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
Fonseca_2000517C. R. Fonseca, J. M. Overton, B. Collins, and M. Westoby. “Shifts in trait-combinations along rainfall and phosphorus gradients”. Journal of Ecology 88 (2000), pp. 964-977. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00506.x.
NHNSW_2023913N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NSWFRD_20141113B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
TMAG_20091113Tasmanian Herbarium. Flora of Tasmania Online. 2009. url: http://www.tmag.tas.gov.au/floratasmania.
Tsujii_20231313Y. Tsujii, B. J. Atwell, H. Lambers, and I. J. Wright. “Leaf phosphorus fractions vary with leaf economic traits among 35 Australian woody species”. New Phytologist 241.5 (2024), pp. 1985-1997. ISSN: 1469-8137. doi: 10.1111/nph.19513.
ABRS_2023812Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
RBGV_2023911VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
Wright_20001111I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.
Williams_201199R. P. Duncan, S. E. Clemants, R. T. Corlett, A. K. Hahs, M. A. McCarthy, M. J. McDonnell, M. W. Schwartz, K. Thompson, P. A. Vesk, and N. S. G. Williams. “Plant traits and extinction in urban areas: a meta-analysis of 11 cities”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20.4 (2011), pp. 509-519. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00633.x.
Cheal_201788D. Cheal. Growth stages and tolerable fire intervals for Victoria's native vegetation data sets. Fire and adaptive management, report no. 84. Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, 2010.
Clarke_200948P. J. Clarke, K. J. E. Knox, M. L. Campbell, and L. M. Copeland. “Post-fire recovery of woody plants in the New England Tableland Bioregion”. Cunninghamia 11 (2009), pp. 221-239. doi: https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/4907.
Jagdish_202027A. Jagdish. “Unpublished data: Germination photoperiod sensitivity of Australian Plants, University of New South Wales”. 2020.
Jordan_200177G. J. Jordan. “An investigation of long-distance dispersal based on species native to both Tasmania and New Zealand”. Australian Journal of Botany 49.3 (2001), pp. 333-340. doi: 10.1071/bt00024.
Kew_2019_117Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Schmidt_199767S. Schmidt and G. Stewart. “Waterlogging and fire impacts on nitrogen availability and utilization in a subtropical wet heathland (wallum)”. Plant, Cell and Environment 20.10 (1997), pp. 1231-1241. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-20.x.
McGlone_201566M. S. McGlone, S. J. Richardson, G. J. Jordan, and G. L. Perry. “Is there a `suboptimal' woody species height? A response to Scheffer et al.”. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 30.1 (2015), pp. 4-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2014.09.007.
Hughes_199255L. Hughes and B. Rice. “Unpublished data: Traits data for 643 species, Macquarie University”. 1992.
Leishman_199555M. R. Leishman, M. Westoby, and E. Jurado. “Correlates of seed size variation: A comparison among five temperate floras”. Journal of Ecology 83 (1995), pp. 517-529. doi: 10.2307/2261604.
ABRS_202244Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Benwell_202444A. Benwell. “Fire responses of flora in a sclerophyll-rainforest vegetation complex in the Nightcap Range, North Coast, New South Wales”. Australian Journal of Botany 72.1 (2024). Ed. by D. Williams. ISSN: 1444-9862. doi: 10.1071/bt23049.
Chen_201744Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
Kubiak_200944P. J. Kubiak. “Fire responses of bushland plants after the January 1994 wildfires in northern Sydney”. Cunninghamia 11.1 (2009), pp. 131-165.
NHNSW_2014_244Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NHNSW_202244N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
RBGV_202244VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
Clarke_201533P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Ilic_200013J. Ilic, D. Boland, M. McDonald, D. G, and P. Blakemore. Woody density phase 1 - State of knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System. Technical Report 18. Tech. rep. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia, 2000.
Kew_2019_613Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Leishman_200733M. R. Leishman, T. Haslehurst, A. Ares, and Z. Baruch. “Leaf trait relationships of native and invasive plants: community- and global-scale comparisons”. New Phytologist 176.3 (2007), pp. 635-643. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02189.x.
Nicholson_201723A. Nicholson, L. D. Prior, G. L. W. Perry, and D. M. J. S. Bowman. “High post-fire mortality of resprouting woody plants in Tasmanian Mediterranean-type vegetation”. International Journal of Wildland Fire 26 (2017), pp. 532-537. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF16211.
Sjostrom_200633A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Williams_201233P. R. Williams, M. Parsons, R. Jensen, and C. Tran. “Mechanisms of rainforest persistence and recruitment in frequently burnt wet tropical eucalypt forests”. Austral Ecology 37.2 (2012), pp. 268-275. ISSN: 1442-9993. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2011.02271.x.
ANBG_201912Australian National Botanic Gardens. The National Seed Bank. 2018. url: http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/living/seedbank/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Collette_202111J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
Leishman_199311M. Leishman. “Unpublished data: Seed mass data for Sydney species, Macquarie University”. 1990.
Mokany_201511K. Mokany, J. J. Thomson, A. J. J. Lynch, G. J. Jordan, and S. Ferrier. “Linking changes in community composition and function under climate change”. Ecological Applications 25.8 (2015), pp. 2132-2141. doi: 10.1890/14-2384.1.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
Tomlinson_201311K. W. Tomlinson, L. Poorter, F. J. Sterck, F. Borghetti, D. Ward, S. de Bie, and F. van Langevelde. “Leaf adaptations of evergreen and deciduous trees of semi-arid and humid savannas on three continents”. Journal of Ecology 101 (2013), pp. 430-440. doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.12056.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.