AusTraits

Araucaria bidwillii

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Araucariaceae

Taxonomy: Araucaria bidwillii Hook.

Synonyms: 4 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Araucaria bidwilli Hook. (orthographic variant)
  • Araucaria bidwilliana Siebert & Voss (taxonomic synonym)
  • Columbea bidwillii (Hook.) Carrière (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Colymbea bidwillii Carrière (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): Qld

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (1), ABRS_2022 (4), ABRS_2023 (24), Butler_2004 (5), Cooper_2013 (11), Ilic_2000 (3), Kew_2019_1 (4), Kew_2019_5 (1), Kooyman_2011 (9), McCarthy_2017 (10), Niinemets_2009 (27), RadfordSmith_2024 (26), Sams_2017 (8), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wright_2009 (17). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 72 traits from 153 records in 16 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

flower morphology
  • sex_type (categorical): monoecious (1) [sources: ABRS_2022]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 233.75 mm (60-300 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 95 mm (10-200 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013]
  • fruit_type (categorical): strobilus (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; RadfordSmith_2024; Sams_2017]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (3) [sources: Cooper_2013; Sams_2017]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (1) [sources: Sams_2017]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 365.27 mm2 (262.27-580.53 mm2) [sources: McCarthy_2017; Niinemets_2009; RadfordSmith_2024]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 30 mm (10-50 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 5.75 mm (3-10 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Kooyman_2011]
  • leaf_dry_mass (numerical): 51.88 mg (40.58-77.75 mg) [sources: RadfordSmith_2024]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 160.41 g/m2 (130.61-242.48 g/m2) [sources: McCarthy_2017; Niinemets_2009; RadfordSmith_2024; Sams_2017]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.43 g/g (0.37-0.54 g/g) [sources: RadfordSmith_2024]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): acicular (1); narrowly_triangular (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): unlobed (1) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; Kooyman_2011]
  • leaf_arrangement (categorical): distichous (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
life history
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): tree (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; Butler_2004; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011; Wenk_2022]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: Kooyman_2011; RadfordSmith_2024]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: Niinemets_2009]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): barochory (1); zoochory (1) [sources: Butler_2004; Kew_2019_5]
  • dispersers (categorical): flying_vertebrates (1); passive (1) [sources: Butler_2004; Sams_2017]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 13 mg/g (13-13 mg/g) [sources: Niinemets_2009]
  • leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 1.66 mg/g (1.66-1.66 mg/g) [sources: Niinemets_2009]
  • leaf_delta13C (numerical): -27.2 {delta}[ppth] (-27.2--27.2 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Niinemets_2009]
physiology
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 10632.7 mg (1000-14286 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1]
  • seed_length (numerical): 40 mm (20-50 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011]
  • seed_width (numerical): 21.83 mm (15-28 mm) [sources: Butler_2004; ABRS_2023; Kooyman_2011]
  • seed_shape (categorical): ovoid (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.44 mg/mm3 (0.39-0.54 mg/mm3) [sources: Ilic_2000; Kooyman_2011; RadfordSmith_2024; Sams_2017]
whole plant morphology
  • plant_height (numerical): 50 m (50-50 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013]

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Niinemets_20092727Ü. Niinemets, I. J. Wright, and J. R. Evans. “Leaf mesophyll diffusion conductance in 35 Australian sclerophylls covering a broad range of foliage structural and physiological variation”. Journal of Experimental Botany 60 (2009), pp. 2433-2449. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erp045.
RadfordSmith_20241126J. Radford-Smith, H. R. Lai, E. C. Weeren, and J. M. Dwyer. “A Functional Basis for the Assembly of Australian Subtropical Rainforest Tree Communities”. Ecology Letters 27.11 (2024). ISSN: 1461-0248. doi: 10.1111/ele.70014.
ABRS_20231324Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Wright_20091317I. J. Wright. “Unpublished data: Leaf pigment and reflectance data for sclerophylls, Macquarie University”. 2009.
Cooper_2013811W. Cooper and W. T. Cooper. Australian rainforest fruits. CSIRO Publishing, 2013, p. 272.
McCarthy_2017210J. K. McCarthy, J. M. Dwyer, and K. Mokany. “A regional-scale assessment of using metabolic scaling theory to predict ecosystem properties”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286.1915 (2019), p. 20192221. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2221.
Kooyman_201189R. Kooyman, M. Rossetto, W. Cornwell, and M. Westoby. “Phylogenetic tests of community assembly across regional to continental scales in tropical and subtropical rain forests”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20 (2011), pp. 707-716. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00641.x.
Sams_201788M. A. Sams, H. R. Lai, S. P. Bonser, P. A. Vesk, R. M. Kooyman, D. J. Metcalfe, J. W. Morgan, and M. M. Mayfield. “Landscape context explains changes in the functional diversity of regenerating forests better than climate or species richness”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 26.10 (2017), pp. 1165-1176. doi: 10.1111/geb.12627.
Butler_200455D. W. Butler, R. J. Green, D. Lamb, W. J. F. Mcdonald, and P. I. Forster. “Biogeography of seed-dispersal syndromes, life-forms and seed sizes among woody rain-forest plants in Australia's subtropics”. Journal of Biogeography 34.10 (2007), pp. 1736-1750. ISSN: 1365-2699. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01734.x.
ABRS_202244Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Kew_2019_114Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Ilic_200013J. Ilic, D. Boland, M. McDonald, D. G, and P. Blakemore. Woody density phase 1 - State of knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System. Technical Report 18. Tech. rep. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia, 2000.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
ABRS_198111B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Kew_2019_511Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed dispersal data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.