Aristida holathera

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Family Poaceae

Taxonomy: Aristida holathera Domin

Synonyms: 7 (APC 2026-07-30)

Aristida browniana Henrard (taxonomic synonym)
Aristida muelleri Henrard (taxonomic synonym)
Aristida stipoides R.Br. (taxonomic synonym)
Aristida stipoides var. brachyathera Domin (taxonomic synonym)
Aristida stipoides var. normalis Domin (taxonomic synonym)
Arthratherum stipoides P.Beauv. (taxonomic synonym)
Arthratherum stipoides Roem. & Schult. (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA, NT, SA, Qld, NSW, Vic

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (8), Crowley_2007 (1), Dong_2017 (8), Draper_2023 (2), GrassBase_2014 (6), Leishman_1992 (5), Lord_1997 (2), Metcalfe_2020_2 (18), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (2), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (7), Osborne_2014 (1), Rice_1991 (1), SAH_2022 (3), SAH_2023 (6), Schmidt_2003 (4), Schmidt_2010 (130), Simpson_2021 (2), Sjostrom_2006 (4), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_2 (3), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wenk_2023_2 (1), White_2020 (54). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 64 traits from 282 records in 28 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): partial_resprouting (1) [sources: Crowley_2007]

flower morphology

flower_colour (categorical): red_brown (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (2) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 6.35 mm (4.8-7.9 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Metcalfe_2020_2]
fruit_type (categorical): caryopsis (6) [sources: ABRS_2023; Metcalfe_2020_2; NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006; WAH_2023_2]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (1); indehiscent (2) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; Sjostrom_2006]

leaf morphology

leaf_area (numerical): 207.5 mm2 (100-315 mm2) [sources: Leishman_1992; Metcalfe_2020_2]
leaf_length (numerical): 211.67 mm (100-250 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; GrassBase_2014; SAH_2023]
leaf_width (numerical): 2.5 mm (1-4 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; GrassBase_2014; Metcalfe_2020_2; NHNSW_2023]
leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 120.1 g/m2 (120.1-120.1 g/m2) [sources: Dong_2017]
leaf_shape (categorical): filiform (1) [sources: SAH_2023]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (2) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; NHNSW_2014_2]
leaf_lamina_posture (categorical): conduplicate (1); convolute (2); flat (1); involute (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]

life history

photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c4 (7) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; Munroe_2019; Osborne_2014; Schmidt_2010; White_2020]
plant_growth_form (categorical): graminoid (7); herb (6); tussock (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; Leishman_1992; Lord_1997; Metcalfe_2020_2; NHNSW_2022; Rice_1991; SAH_2022; Schmidt_2003; Schmidt_2010; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
life_form (categorical): hemicryptophyte (1); therophyte (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2]
life_history (categorical): annual (7); biennial (1); perennial (5); short_lived_perennial (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; Leishman_1992; NHNSW_2022; SAH_2022; Schmidt_2003; Simpson_2021; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): tufted (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014]
leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (1) [sources: Schmidt_2010]
nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (6) [sources: Dong_2017; Schmidt_2003; Schmidt_2010; White_2020]
root_structure (categorical): arbuscular_mycorrhizal (1); non_mycorrhizal (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; Schmidt_2003]
parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (3) [sources: White_2020]
pollination_syndrome (categorical): abiotic (3); self (1); wind (2) [sources: Draper_2023; Metcalfe_2020_2; White_2020]
dispersal_syndrome (categorical): epizoochory (6) [sources: Draper_2023; Lord_1997; Metcalfe_2020_2; White_2020]
dispersers (categorical): mammals (3) [sources: White_2020]
flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnnnyn (2); nnnnnnnnnnyy (1) [sources: White_2020]
seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (3) [sources: White_2020]
vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (4) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; White_2020]
storage_organ (categorical): no_storage_organ (1) [sources: Leishman_1992]
bud_bank_location (categorical): root_crown (1) [sources: Simpson_2021]

nutrient and stable isotope

leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 9.99 mg/g (4.4-16.25 mg/g) [sources: Dong_2017; Schmidt_2010]
leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.54 mg/g (0.37-0.88 mg/g) [sources: Schmidt_2010]
leaf_delta13C (numerical): -16.96 {delta}[ppth] (-23.95--13.08 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Dong_2017; Schmidt_2010]

seed morphology

seed_length (numerical): 6.35 mm (4.8-7.9 mm) [sources: GrassBase_2014]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 0.92 m (0.23-1.3 m) [sources: Leishman_1992; Metcalfe_2020_2; NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023; WAH_2023_2]
plant_physical_defence_structures (categorical): absent (3) [sources: White_2020]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
Schmidt_2010	20	130	S. Schmidt, R. E. Lamble, R. J. Fensham, and I. Siddique. “Effect of woody vegetation clearing on nutrient and carbon relations of semi-arid dystrophic savanna”. Plant and Soil 331.1-2 (2009), pp. 79-90. doi: 10.1007/s11104-009-0233-5.
White_2020	18	54	M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
Metcalfe_2020_2	17	18	D. Metcalfe. “Unpublished data: Traits of Poaceae spp, CSIRO”. 2020.
ABRS_2023	7	8	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Dong_2017	8	8	N. Dong, I. C. Prentice, B. J. Evans, S. Caddy-Retalic, A. J. Lowe, and I. J. Wright. “Leaf nitrogen from first principles: field evidence for adaptive variation with climate”. Biogeosciences 14.2 (2017), pp. 481-495. doi: 10.5194/bg-14-481-2017.
NHNSW_2023	6	7	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
GrassBase_2014	3	6	W. Clayton, M. Vorontsova, and K. H. &. H. Williamson. GrassBase - The online world grass flora. 2006. url: http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db.html.
SAH_2023	6	6	S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Leishman_1992	5	5	M. R. Leishman and M. Westoby. “Classifying plants into groups on the basis of associations of individual traits-Evidence from Australian semi-arid woodlands”. Journal of Ecology 80 (1992), pp. 417-424. doi: 10.2307/2260687.
Schmidt_2003	4	4	S. Schmidt and G. R. Stewart. “d15N values of tropical savanna and monsoon forest species reflect root specialisations and soil nitrogen status”. Oecologia 134 (2003), pp. 569-577. doi: 10.1007/s00442-002-1150-y.
Sjostrom_2006	4	4	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
ABRS_2022	3	3	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
NHNSW_2022	3	3	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
SAH_2022	3	3	S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
WAH_2022_2	3	3	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
WAH_2023_2	2	3	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Draper_2023	2	2	J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
Lord_1997	2	2	J. Lord, J. Egan, T. Clifford, E. Jurado, M. Leishman, D. Williams, and M. Westoby. “Larger seeds in tropical floras: Consistent patterns independent of growth form and dispersal mode”. Journal of Biogeography 24 (1997), pp. 205-211. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2699.1997.00126.x.
NHNSW_2014_2	2	2	Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Simpson_2021	2	2	K. J. Simpson, E. C. Jardine, S. Archibald, E. J. Forrestel, C. E. R. Lehmann, G. H. Thomas, and C. P. Osborne. “Resprouting grasses are associated with less frequent fire than seeders”. New Phytologist 230 (2021), pp. 832-844. doi: 10.1111/nph.17069.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Crowley_2007	1	1	G. Crowley, M. Gardener, and M. Marrinan. Tropical savannas fire response database. 2007. url: [www.landmanager.org.au](www.landmanager.org.au).
Munroe_2019	1	1	S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
NHNSW_2014	1	1	Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/search/simple.htm.
Osborne_2014	1	1	C. Osborne, A. Salomaa, T. Kluyver, V. Visser, E. Kellogg, O. Morrone, M. Vorontsova, W. Clayton, and D. Simpson. “A global database of C4 photosynthesis in grasses”. New Phytologist 204 (2014), pp. 441-446. doi: 10.1111/nph.12942.
Rice_1991	1	1	B. Rice. “Unpublished data: Growth form of Kakadu plant species, Macquarie University”. 1991.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.
Wenk_2023_2	1	1	E. Wenk and D. Coleman. “Unpublished: Rain and flood-related flowering cues for Australia's flora, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2023.