Arthraxon hispidus

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Family Poaceae

Taxonomy: Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino

Synonyms: 15 (APC 2026-07-30)

Arthraxon ciliare P.Beauv. (taxonomic synonym)
Arthraxon ciliare var. australe Benth. (taxonomic synonym)
Arthraxon ciliare var. tenellus Benth. (taxonomic synonym)
Arthraxon ciliaris P.Beauv. (taxonomic synonym)
Arthraxon ciliaris f. pallida Domin (taxonomic synonym)
Arthraxon ciliaris f. pallidus Domin (taxonomic synonym)
Arthraxon ciliaris subsp. langdorffii A.D.Chapm. (taxonomic synonym)
Arthraxon ciliaris subsp. langsdorffii (Trin.) Hack. (taxonomic synonym)
Arthraxon ciliaris var. australis Benth. (taxonomic synonym)
Arthraxon ciliaris var. muriculatus Hook.f. (taxonomic synonym)
Arthraxon ciliaris var. tenellus Benth. (taxonomic synonym)
Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino var. hispidus (nomenclatural synonym)
Arthraxon japonicus Miq. (taxonomic synonym)
Phalaris hispida Thunb. (nomenclatural synonym)
Pleuroplitis langsdorffii Trin. (taxonomic synonym)

Misapplied names: 2 (APC 2026-07-30)

Andropogon echinatus (Nees) Steud. (misapplied)
Batratherum echinatum Nees (misapplied)

Distribution (APC): Qld, NSW

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: GrassBase_2014 (3), Kew_2019_1 (4), Kew_2019_6 (4), Metcalfe_2020_2 (21), NHNSW_2014_2 (2), NHNSW_2022 (4), NHNSW_2023 (7), Osborne_2014 (1), Simpson_2021 (2), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (8). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 32 traits from 63 records in 13 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (1) [sources: Simpson_2021]

flower morphology

flower_colour (categorical): blue_purple (1); green (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
sex_type (categorical): andromonoecious (1); hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 4.25 mm (3.5-5 mm) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2]
fruit_type (categorical): caryopsis (3) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; NHNSW_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (1); indehiscent (2) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; Sjostrom_2006]

leaf morphology

leaf_area (numerical): 378 mm2 (378-378 mm2) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2]
leaf_length (numerical): 42.5 mm (10-80 mm) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; NHNSW_2023]
leaf_width (numerical): 12.5 mm (3-25 mm) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; NHNSW_2023]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023]

life history

photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c4 (2) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; Osborne_2014]
plant_growth_form (categorical): graminoid (1); herb (1); tussock (2) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2; NHNSW_2022; Wenk_2022]
life_form (categorical): therophyte (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2]
life_history (categorical): annual (1); perennial (2) [sources: NHNSW_2022; Simpson_2021; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (2) [sources: NHNSW_2022; Wenk_2022]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): decumbent (1) [sources: NHNSW_2022]
root_structure (categorical): non_mycorrhizal (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2]
pollination_syndrome (categorical): wind (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2]
dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2]
flowering_time (categorical): yyyyynnnnnny (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2020_2]

seed morphology

seed_dry_mass (numerical): 0.35 mg (0.11-0.78 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1]
seed_length (numerical): 4.25 mm (3.5-5 mm) [sources: GrassBase_2014]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 0.88 m (0.75-1 m) [sources: GrassBase_2014; Metcalfe_2020_2]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
Metcalfe_2020_2	18	21	D. Metcalfe. “Unpublished data: Traits of Poaceae spp, CSIRO”. 2020.
eFLOWER_Dun_2022	3	8	L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
NHNSW_2023	5	7	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Kew_2019_1	1	4	Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Kew_2019_6	1	4	Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
NHNSW_2022	4	4	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Sjostrom_2006	4	4	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
GrassBase_2014	2	3	W. Clayton, M. Vorontsova, and K. H. &. H. Williamson. GrassBase - The online world grass flora. 2006. url: http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db.html.
NHNSW_2014_2	2	2	Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Simpson_2021	2	2	K. J. Simpson, E. C. Jardine, S. Archibald, E. J. Forrestel, C. E. R. Lehmann, G. H. Thomas, and C. P. Osborne. “Resprouting grasses are associated with less frequent fire than seeders”. New Phytologist 230 (2021), pp. 832-844. doi: 10.1111/nph.17069.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Osborne_2014	1	1	C. Osborne, A. Salomaa, T. Kluyver, V. Visser, E. Kellogg, O. Morrone, M. Vorontsova, W. Clayton, and D. Simpson. “A global database of C4 photosynthesis in grasses”. New Phytologist 204 (2014), pp. 441-446. doi: 10.1111/nph.12942.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.