Banksia aquilonia

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Family Proteaceae

Taxonomy: Banksia aquilonia (A.S.George) A.S.George

Synonyms: 2 (APC 2026-07-30)

Banksia integrifolia subsp. aquilonia (A.S.George) K.R.Thiele (nomenclatural synonym)
Banksia integrifolia var. aquilonia A.S.George (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): Qld

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (5), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (24), Chen_2017 (5), Cooper_2013 (14), Gross_2005 (4), He_2011 (3), Jordan_2020 (5), Kooyman_2011 (12), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Tng_2013 (6), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Williams_2012 (3), Yang_2023 (2). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 44 traits from 93 records in 15 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (1); resprouts (2) [sources: He_2011; Williams_2012; Yang_2023]
post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment_absent (1) [sources: Williams_2012]

flower morphology

sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (2) [sources: Gross_2005; Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 10 mm (8-12 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013]
fruit_width (numerical): 5.75 mm (4-9 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013]
fruit_height (numerical): 6.5 mm (5-8 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
fruit_type (categorical): follicle (5) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (4) [sources: Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (5) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; Sjostrom_2006]

leaf morphology

leaf_area (numerical): 1382 mm2 (1382-1382 mm2) [sources: Tng_2013]
leaf_length (numerical): 172.5 mm (50-220 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Kooyman_2011]
leaf_width (numerical): 10 mm (5-17 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Kooyman_2011]
petiole_length (numerical): 0.85 cm (0.5-1.2 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 213.62 g/m2 (213.62-213.62 g/m2) [sources: Tng_2013]
leaf_shape (categorical): narrowly_elliptical (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_margin_posture (categorical): revolute (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_lobation (categorical): unlobed (1) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; Kooyman_2011]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_arrangement (categorical): crowded (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]

life history

plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (2); tree (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011; Wenk_2022]
life_history (categorical): perennial (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; Jordan_2020; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; Wenk_2022]
leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; Kooyman_2011]
dispersers (categorical): birds (1) [sources: Cooper_2013]
flowering_time (categorical): nnyyyynnnnnn (2); nyyyyyynnnnn (1) [sources: ABRS_1981; Chen_2017; Cooper_2013]
serotiny (categorical): not_serotinous (1) [sources: He_2011]
bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_stem_buds (1); epicormic_buds (2); none (1) [sources: He_2011; Williams_2012; Yang_2023]

nutrient and stable isotope

leaf_delta13C (numerical): -32.62 {delta}[ppth] (-32.62--32.62 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Tng_2013]

seed morphology

seed_length (numerical): 11.67 mm (4-16 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011]
seed_width (numerical): 3.75 mm (2-5 mm) [sources: ABRS_1981; Kooyman_2011]
seed_shape (categorical): cuneate (1); ovoid (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]

stem morphology

wood_density (numerical): 0.72 mg/mm3 (0.72-0.72 mg/mm3) [sources: Tng_2013]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 19.33 m (8-25 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
ABRS_2023	17	24	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Cooper_2013	11	14	W. Cooper and W. T. Cooper. Australian rainforest fruits. CSIRO Publishing, 2013, p. 272.
Kooyman_2011	10	12	R. Kooyman, M. Rossetto, W. Cornwell, and M. Westoby. “Phylogenetic tests of community assembly across regional to continental scales in tropical and subtropical rain forests”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20 (2011), pp. 707-716. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00641.x.
Tng_2013	6	6	D. Y. P. Tng, G. J. Jordan, and D. M. J. S. Bowman. “Plant traits demonstrate that temperate and tropical giant Eucalypt forests are ecologically convergent with rainforest not savanna”. PLoS ONE 8 (2013), p. e84378. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084378.
ABRS_1981	4	5	B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Chen_2017	5	5	Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
Jordan_2020	5	5	G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, B. R. Holland, N. J. Beeton, M. D. Woodhams, and T. J. Brodribb. “Links between environment and stomatal size through evolutionary time in Proteaceae”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287.1919 (2020), p. 20192876. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2876.
Gross_2005	4	4	C. L. Gross. “A comparison of the sexual systems in the trees from the Australian tropics with other tropical biomes-more monoecy but why?”. American Journal of Botany 92.6 (2005), pp. 907-919. doi: 10.3732/ajb.92.6.907.
Sjostrom_2006	4	4	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
ABRS_2022	3	3	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
He_2011	3	3	T. He, B. B. Lamont, and K. S. Downes. “Banksia born to burn”. New Phytologist 191.1 (2011), pp. 184-196. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03663.x.
Williams_2012	3	3	P. R. Williams, M. Parsons, R. Jensen, and C. Tran. “Mechanisms of rainforest persistence and recruitment in frequently burnt wet tropical eucalypt forests”. Austral Ecology 37.2 (2012), pp. 268-275. ISSN: 1442-9993. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2011.02271.x.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Yang_2023	2	2	S. Yang. “Unpublished data: Fire response traits scored from national and state floras and the taxonomic literature, University of New South Wales”. 2023.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.