Banksia echinata

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Family Proteaceae

Taxonomy: Banksia echinata (A.S.George) A.R.Mast & K.R.Thiele

Synonyms: 7 (APC 2026-07-30)

Dryandra aff. polycephala (A.S.George 11703) (taxonomic synonym)
Dryandra echinata A.S.George (nomenclatural synonym)
Dryandra sp. 7 (A.S.George 11703) (taxonomic synonym)
Dryandra sp. A (taxonomic synonym)
Dryandra sp. A Perth Flora (taxonomic synonym)
Dryandra sp. A Perth Flora (A.S.George 15234) (taxonomic synonym)
Dryandra sp. B (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (3), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (14), Chen_2017 (5), Collette_2021 (1), Jordan_2020 (3), Kew_2019_1 (1), Sjostrom_2006 (4), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (4), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 25 traits from 44 records in 13 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

flower morphology

sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 7.5 mm (6-9 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
fruit_type (categorical): follicle (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]

leaf morphology

leaf_length (numerical): 90 mm (30-150 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_width (numerical): 10.5 mm (6-15 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
petiole_length (numerical): 0.9 cm (0.8-1 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_shape (categorical): linear (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_margin (categorical): toothed_serrate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_margin_posture (categorical): revolute (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (1) [sources: ABRS_1981]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]

life history

plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
life_history (categorical): perennial (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; Jordan_2020; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): spreading (1) [sources: WAH_2022_2]
leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (1) [sources: ABRS_1981]
flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnyyyynn (2); nnnnnnyyyyyn (1) [sources: ABRS_1981; Chen_2017; WAH_1998]
seed_dormancy_class (categorical): non_dormant (1) [sources: Collette_2021]

seed morphology

seed_dry_mass (numerical): 5.77 mg (5.77-5.77 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 2.4 m (0.6-3 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; WAH_2023_2]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
ABRS_2023	10	14	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Chen_2017	5	5	Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
Sjostrom_2006	4	4	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
WAH_2022_2	4	4	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
ABRS_1981	3	3	B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
ABRS_2022	3	3	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Jordan_2020	3	3	G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, B. R. Holland, N. J. Beeton, M. D. Woodhams, and T. J. Brodribb. “Links between environment and stomatal size through evolutionary time in Proteaceae”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287.1919 (2020), p. 20192876. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2876.
WAH_2023_2	1	2	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Collette_2021	1	1	J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
Kew_2019_1	1	1	Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
WAH_1998	1	1	Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.