Banksia ornata

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Family Proteaceae

Taxonomy: Banksia ornata F.Muell. ex Meisn.

Synonyms: 2 (APC 2026-07-30)

Banksia ornata var. rufa A.M.Ashby (taxonomic synonym)
Sirmuellera ornata (Meisn.) Kuntze (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): SA, Vic

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (5), ABRS_2022 (4), ABRS_2023 (22), ANBG_2019 (7), Cheal_2017 (8), Chen_2017 (4), Clarke_2015 (3), Collette_2021 (1), Draper_2023 (3), Groves_1986 (128), He_2011 (3), Jordan_2020 (5), Kew_2019_1 (1), Kew_2019_6 (2), McGlone_2015 (6), RBGV_2022 (3), RBGV_2023 (21), Roderick_1999 (3), SAH_2014 (4), SAH_2022 (4), SAH_2023 (19), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Staples_2019 (5), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (19), Wright_2000 (5), Yang_2023 (10). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 119 traits from 302 records in 28 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (4); resprouts (1) [sources: Cheal_2017; Clarke_2015; He_2011; White_2020; Yang_2023]
post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (5) [sources: Cheal_2017; Clarke_2015; Yang_2023]

flower morphology

sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 20.83 mm (15-30 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
fruit_width (numerical): 28.12 mm (10-100 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; SAH_2023]
fruit_height (numerical): 9.25 mm (4-15 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; SAH_2023]
fruit_type (categorical): follicle (5) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (4) [sources: Chen_2017; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_colour (categorical): grey (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]

leaf morphology

leaf_length (numerical): 75 mm (30-110 mm) [sources: McGlone_2015; ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2014]
leaf_width (numerical): 17.12 mm (4-25 mm) [sources: McGlone_2015; ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2014]
petiole_length (numerical): 0.52 cm (0.1-1 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023]
leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 263 g/m2 (263-263 g/m2) [sources: Roderick_1999]
leaf_shape (categorical): narrowly_obovate (3); obovate (2); obtriangular (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
leaf_base_shape (categorical): attenuate (1) [sources: SAH_2023]
leaf_margin (categorical): toothed_serrate (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
leaf_margin_posture (categorical): flat (1); revolute (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: ABRS_1981; McGlone_2015; RBGV_2023]
leaf_lamina_posture (categorical): conduplicate (1); flat (1); recurved (1) [sources: SAH_2023]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]

life history

photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: White_2020]
plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (6) [sources: ABRS_2022; McGlone_2015; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
life_history (categorical): perennial (6) [sources: ABRS_2022; Cheal_2017; Jordan_2020; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): bushy (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; SAH_2022]
leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (1) [sources: ABRS_1981]
nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: White_2020]
parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
pollination_syndrome (categorical): bird (1); insect (2); mammal (1); vertebrate (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
dispersers (categorical): wind (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnyyyyyyn (1); nnnnyyyyynnn (1) [sources: ABRS_1981; White_2020]
seedbank_location (categorical): canopy_seedbank (3) [sources: Yang_2023]
serotiny (categorical): serotinous (4) [sources: He_2011; Yang_2023]
seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): long_persistent (1) [sources: Cheal_2017]
seed_dormancy_class (categorical): non_dormant (1) [sources: Collette_2021]
vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1) [sources: White_2020]
bud_bank_location (categorical): none (2) [sources: Clarke_2015; He_2011]

nutrient and stable isotope

leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 6.38 mg/g (5-7.04 mg/g) [sources: Groves_1986; Roderick_1999]
leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.14 mg/g (0.14-0.16 mg/g) [sources: Groves_1986]

seed morphology

seed_dry_mass (numerical): 30.22 mg (26.82-36.71 mg) [sources: ANBG_2019; Kew_2019_1]
seed_length (numerical): 16.94 mm (8-25 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019; ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
seed_width (numerical): 9.9 mm (9.29-11 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019; ABRS_1981]
seed_shape (categorical): cuneate (2); ovoid (2); polyhedral (1); winged (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; ANBG_2019; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]

stem morphology

wood_density (numerical): 0.55 mg/mm3 (0.51-0.59 mg/mm3) [sources: Staples_2019]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 3 m (3-3 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; McGlone_2015; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
plant_physical_defence_structures (categorical): absent (1) [sources: White_2020]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
Groves_1986	47	128	R. Groves, P. Hocking, and A. Mcmahon. “Distribution of biomass, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients in Banksia marginata and B. ornata shoots of different ages after fire.”. Australian Journal of Botany 34.6 (1986), pp. 709-725. doi: 10.1071/bt9860709.
ABRS_2023	15	22	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
RBGV_2023	16	21	VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_2023	13	19	S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
White_2020	19	19	M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
Yang_2023	4	10	S. Yang. “Unpublished data: Fire response traits scored from national and state floras and the taxonomic literature, University of New South Wales”. 2023.
Cheal_2017	8	8	D. Cheal. Growth stages and tolerable fire intervals for Victoria's native vegetation data sets. Fire and adaptive management, report no. 84. Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, 2010.
ANBG_2019	6	7	Australian National Botanic Gardens. The National Seed Bank. 2018. url: http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/living/seedbank/.
McGlone_2015	6	6	M. S. McGlone, S. J. Richardson, G. J. Jordan, and G. L. Perry. “Is there a `suboptimal' woody species height? A response to Scheffer et al.”. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 30.1 (2015), pp. 4-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2014.09.007.
ABRS_1981	4	5	B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Jordan_2020	5	5	G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, B. R. Holland, N. J. Beeton, M. D. Woodhams, and T. J. Brodribb. “Links between environment and stomatal size through evolutionary time in Proteaceae”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287.1919 (2020), p. 20192876. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2876.
Staples_2019	1	5	T. Staples, J. M. Dwyer, J. R. England, and M. M. Mayfield. “Productivity does not correlate with species and functional diversity in Australian reforestation plantings across a wide climate gradient”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 28.10 (2019), pp. 1417-1429. doi: 10.1111/geb.12962.
Wright_2000	5	5	I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.
ABRS_2022	4	4	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Chen_2017	4	4	Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
SAH_2014	2	4	J. P. Jessop and H. R. Toelken. Flora of South Australia, 4th edition, 4 vols. Electronic version curated by J. Kellermann, State Herbarium of South Australia.. Government Printer, Adelaide, 1986.
SAH_2022	4	4	S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Sjostrom_2006	4	4	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Clarke_2015	3	3	P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Draper_2023	3	3	J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
He_2011	3	3	T. He, B. B. Lamont, and K. S. Downes. “Banksia born to burn”. New Phytologist 191.1 (2011), pp. 184-196. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03663.x.
RBGV_2022	3	3	VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
Roderick_1999	3	3	M. L. Roderick, S. L. Berry, and I. R. Noble. “The relationship between leaf composition and morphology at elevated CO2 concentrations”. New Phytologist 143.1 (1999), pp. 63-72. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.1999.00438.x.
Kew_2019_6	1	2	Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Collette_2021	1	1	J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
Kew_2019_1	1	1	Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.