AusTraits

Banksia violacea

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Proteaceae

Taxonomy: Banksia violacea C.A.Gardner

Synonyms: 1 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Banksia sphaerocarpa var. violacea Blackall (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (5), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (19), Barrett_2009 (30), Chen_2017 (5), Clarke_2015 (3), Collette_2021 (1), Gosper_2012 (7), He_2011 (4), Jordan_2020 (5), Kew_2019_1 (2), Kew_2019_6 (1), Munroe_2019 (1), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Sweedman_2006 (4), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_2 (3), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wright_2000 (3), Yang_2023 (4). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 47 traits from 111 records in 22 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (9); partial_resprouting (1) [sources: Barrett_2009; Clarke_2015; Gosper_2012; He_2011; Yang_2023]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (8) [sources: Barrett_2009; Clarke_2015; Yang_2023]
flower morphology
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 17.5 mm (10-25 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 15 mm (8-22 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • fruit_height (numerical): 6 mm (6-6 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): follicle (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_colour (categorical): brown (1); yellow (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf morphology
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: Munroe_2019]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (10) [sources: ABRS_2022; Barrett_2009; Gosper_2012; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; Jordan_2020; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • flowering_time (categorical): yynnnnnnnnyy (2); yyynyyyyyyyy (1) [sources: ABRS_1981; Chen_2017; WAH_1998]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): canopy_seedbank (8); soil_seedbank_absent (1) [sources: Barrett_2009; Gosper_2012; Yang_2023]
  • serotiny (categorical): serotinous (3) [sources: Gosper_2012; He_2011; Yang_2023]
  • seed_dormancy_class (categorical): non_dormant (1) [sources: Collette_2021]
  • storage_organ (categorical): lignotuber (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; He_2011; WAH_2023_2]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_buds (1); none (1) [sources: Clarke_2015; He_2011]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 12.28 mg (11.15-13.4 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1]
  • seed_length (numerical): 22.5 mm (20-25 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • seed_width (numerical): 2.25 mm (2-2.5 mm) [sources: ABRS_1981]
  • seed_shape (categorical): comma-shaped (1); cuneate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
whole plant morphology
  • plant_height (numerical): 1.3 m (0.2-2 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; WAH_2023_2]

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Barrett_2009630S. Barrett, S. Comer, N. McQuoid, M. Porter, C. Tiller, and D. Utber. Identification and Conservation of Fire Sensitive Ecosystems and Species of the South Coast Natural Resource Management Region.. government. Department of Conservation and Land Management, South Coast Region, Western Australia, 2009.
ABRS_20231419Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Gosper_201277C. R. Gosper, C. J. Yates, and S. M. Prober. “Changes in plant species and functional composition with time since fire in two mediterranean climate plant communities”. Journal of Vegetation Science 23.6 (2012), pp. 1071-1081. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01434.x.
ABRS_198145B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Chen_201755Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
Jordan_202055G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, B. R. Holland, N. J. Beeton, M. D. Woodhams, and T. J. Brodribb. “Links between environment and stomatal size through evolutionary time in Proteaceae”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287.1919 (2020), p. 20192876. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2876.
He_201144T. He, B. B. Lamont, and K. S. Downes. “Banksia born to burn”. New Phytologist 191.1 (2011), pp. 184-196. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03663.x.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Sweedman_200624L. Sweedman and D. Merritt. Australian Seeds: A Guide to Their Collection, Identification, and Biology. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. ISBN: 9780643094079.
Yang_202344S. Yang. “Unpublished data: Fire response traits scored from national and state floras and the taxonomic literature, University of New South Wales”. 2023.
ABRS_202233Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Clarke_201533P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
WAH_2022_233Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
WAH_2023_223Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wright_200033I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.
Kew_2019_112Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Collette_202111J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
Kew_2019_611Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
WAH_199811Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.