Bromus rubens

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Family Poaceae

Taxonomy: Bromus rubens L.

Synonyms: 2 (APC 2026-07-30)

Anisantha rubens (L.) Nevski (nomenclatural synonym)
Bromus madritensis var. rubens (L.) Husn. (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA (naturalised), SA (naturalised), Qld (formerly naturalised), NSW (naturalised), ACT (naturalised), Vic (naturalised)

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_2022 (4), ABRS_2023 (8), Cheal_2017 (3), Dwyer_2017 (5), Firn_2019 (16), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (3), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (4), NSWFRD_2014 (2), OReillyNugent_2018 (2), RBGV_2022 (4), RBGV_2023 (7), SAH_2022 (3), SAH_2023 (8), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Tsakalos_2020 (16), WAH_2022_1 (4), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_1 (2), WAH_2023_2 (3), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wenk_2023_2 (1), Yang_2023 (2), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (9). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 42 traits from 120 records in 26 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (2) [sources: NSWFRD_2014; Yang_2023]
post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (1) [sources: Yang_2023]

flower morphology

flower_colour (categorical): green (1); red_brown (3) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; eFLOWER_Dun_2022]
sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_type (categorical): caryopsis (7) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006; WAH_2023_1; WAH_2023_2]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Sjostrom_2006; Tsakalos_2020]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

leaf morphology

leaf_length (numerical): 116.67 mm (40-200 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
leaf_width (numerical): 3.33 mm (2-5 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 43.03 g/m2 (29.9-79.17 g/m2) [sources: Dwyer_2017; Firn_2019]
leaf_base_shape (categorical): sheathing (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1); toothed (1) [sources: RBGV_2023; Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_lamina_posture (categorical): flat (3) [sources: RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_glaucousness (categorical): not_glaucous (2) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_hairs_adult_leaves (categorical): hairy (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (6) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_2023_1]

life history

photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (2) [sources: Munroe_2019; Tsakalos_2020]
plant_growth_form (categorical): graminoid (8); herb (6) [sources: ABRS_2022; Firn_2019; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_1; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
life_history (categorical): annual (8) [sources: ABRS_2022; Cheal_2017; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_1; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (8) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_2022_1; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): caespitose (2); erect (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; RBGV_2022; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_2022_1]
root_structure (categorical): arbuscular_mycorrhizal (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnyyyn (1); nnnnyyyyyynn (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; Tsakalos_2020]

nutrient and stable isotope

leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 28.77 mg/g (23.91-36.16 mg/g) [sources: Firn_2019]
leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 4.52 mg/g (3.27-5.25 mg/g) [sources: Firn_2019]

seed morphology

seed_dry_mass (numerical): 1.14 mg (1.14-1.14 mg) [sources: Dwyer_2017]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 0.26 m (0.02-0.5 m) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023; WAH_2023_2]
plant_physical_defence_structures (categorical): absent (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
Firn_2019	6	16	J. Firn, J. M. McGree, E. Harvey, H. Flores-Moreno, M. Schuetz, Y. M. Buckley, E. T. Borer, E. W. Seabloom, K. J. L. Pierre, A. M. MacDougall, S. M. Prober, C. J. Stevens, L. L. Sullivan, E. Porter, E. Ladouceur, C. Allen, K. H. Moromizato, J. W. Morgan, W. S. Harpole, Y. Hautier, N. Eisenhauer, J. P. Wright, P. B. Adler, C. A. Arnillas, J. D. Bakker, L. Biederman, A. A. D. Broadbent, C. S. Brown, M. N. Bugalho, M. C. Caldeira, E. E. Cleland, A. Ebeling, P. A. Fay, N. Hagenah, A. R. Kleinhesselink, R. Mitchell, J. L. Moore, C. Nogueira, P. L. Peri, C. Roscher, M. D. Smith, P. D. Wragg, and A. C. Risch. “Leaf nutrients, not specific leaf area, are consistent indicators of elevated nutrient inputs”. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3.3 (2019), pp. 400-406. doi: 10.1038/s41559-018-0790-1.
Tsakalos_2020	15	16	J. L. Tsakalos, M. Renton, F. Riviera, E. J. Veneklaas, M. P. Dobrowolski, and L. Mucina. “Trait-based formal definition of plant functional types and functional communities in the multi-species and multi-traits context”. Ecological Complexity 40 (2019), p. 100787. doi: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2019.100787.
eFLOWER_Dun_2022	6	9	L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
ABRS_2023	6	8	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
SAH_2023	6	8	S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
RBGV_2023	7	7	VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
Dwyer_2017	3	5	J. M. Dwyer and D. C. Laughlin. “Constraints on trait combinations explain climatic drivers of biodiversity: The importance of trait covariance in community assembly”. Ecology Letters 20.7 (2017), pp. 872-882. doi: 10.1111/ele.12781.
ABRS_2022	4	4	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
NHNSW_2023	4	4	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
RBGV_2022	4	4	VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
Sjostrom_2006	4	4	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
WAH_2022_1	4	4	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Cheal_2017	3	3	D. Cheal. Growth stages and tolerable fire intervals for Victoria's native vegetation data sets. Fire and adaptive management, report no. 84. Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, 2010.
NHNSW_2014_2	3	3	Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NHNSW_2022	3	3	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
SAH_2022	3	3	S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
WAH_2022_2	3	3	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
WAH_2023_2	2	3	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
NSWFRD_2014	2	2	B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
OReillyNugent_2018	2	2	A. O'Reilly-Nugent, E. Wandrag, C. Catford, B. Gruber, D. Driscoll, and R. Duncan. “Measuring competitive impact: Joint-species modelling of invaded plant communities”. Journal of Ecology 108 (2018), pp. 449-459.
WAH_2023_1	2	2	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Yang_2023	2	2	S. Yang. “Unpublished data: Fire response traits scored from national and state floras and the taxonomic literature, University of New South Wales”. 2023.
Munroe_2019	1	1	S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.
Wenk_2023_2	1	1	E. Wenk and D. Coleman. “Unpublished: Rain and flood-related flowering cues for Australia's flora, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2023.