AusTraits

Brunonia australis

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Goodeniaceae

Taxonomy: Brunonia australis Sm. ex R.Br.

Synonyms: 5 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Brunonia australis var. macrocephala Colozza (taxonomic synonym)
  • Brunonia australis var. sericea (R.Br.) Colozza (taxonomic synonym)
  • Brunonia australis var. simplex (Lindl.) Colozza (taxonomic synonym)
  • Brunonia sericea Sm. ex R.Br. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Brunonia simplex Lindl. (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA, NT, SA, Qld, NSW, Vic, Tas

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (1), ABRS_2022 (2), ABRS_2023 (10), ANBG_2019 (12), Angevin_2011 (7), Cheal_2017 (5), Chen_2017 (2), Cross_2009 (4), Crowley_2007 (2), Doherty_2021 (2), Dong_2017 (8), Draper_2023 (3), Dwyer_2017 (3), Fonseca_2000 (5), Jordan_2001 (7), Kew_2019_1 (3), Leishman_1992 (7), Lunt_2012 (1), Meers_2007 (11), Mokany_2015 (3), Morgan_2011_1 (5), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (2), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (12), NSWFRD_2014 (7), NTH_2022 (3), NTH_2023 (3), Nano_2011 (2), RBGV_2022 (3), RBGV_2023 (10), SAH_2022 (3), SAH_2023 (14), Schmidt_1993 (1), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Sweedman_2006 (4), TMAG_2009 (11), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (20), Williams_2005 (4), Williams_2011 (10), Wright_2000 (3), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (24). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 97 traits from 256 records in 47 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): blue_purple (2); green (1); yellow_orange (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; eFLOWER_Dun_2022]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (2); monoecious (1) [sources: Jordan_2001; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 3 mm (3-3 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): nut (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (3) [sources: Chen_2017; Jordan_2001; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 651.78 mm2 (41-2081.96 mm2) [sources: Angevin_2011; Fonseca_2000; Leishman_1992; Meers_2007; Mokany_2015]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 84 mm (30-160 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; TMAG_2009]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 16.67 mm (3-45 mm) [sources: Fonseca_2000; ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; TMAG_2009]
  • leaf_dry_mass (numerical): 5 mg (5-5 mg) [sources: Fonseca_2000]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 94.53 g/m2 (32.07-170.17 g/m2) [sources: Angevin_2011; Cross_2009; Dong_2017; Dwyer_2017; Fonseca_2000; Meers_2007]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.27 g/g (0.27-0.27 g/g) [sources: Angevin_2011]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (2); oblanceolate (4); obovate (3); spathulate (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; TMAG_2009]
  • leaf_base_shape (categorical): attenuate (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (5) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; TMAG_2009]
  • leaf_lamina_posture (categorical): flat (1) [sources: SAH_2023]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1) [sources: SAH_2023]
  • leaf_arrangement (categorical): clustered_basal (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (5) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (3) [sources: Munroe_2019; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (14); shrub (1) [sources: ABRS_2022; Angevin_2011; Fonseca_2000; Leishman_1992; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; NTH_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; TMAG_2009; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • life_form (categorical): chamaephyte (1); hemicryptophyte (3) [sources: Meers_2007; Morgan_2011_1; Williams_2005; Williams_2011]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (12); short_lived_perennial (1) [sources: Cheal_2017; Cross_2009; Jordan_2001; Leishman_1992; Morgan_2011_1; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; TMAG_2009; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023; Williams_2005]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (7); woody (1) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): erect (1) [sources: Angevin_2011]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; TMAG_2009]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (4) [sources: Dong_2017; Meers_2007; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • root_structure (categorical): ectomycorrhizal (3) [sources: Meers_2007; Schmidt_1993; Williams_2011]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • pollination_system (categorical): biotic_unspecialised (1) [sources: Williams_2011]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (3); epizoochory (1); undefined (2) [sources: Angevin_2011; Draper_2023; Meers_2007; Morgan_2011_1; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • dispersers (categorical): mammals (1); wind (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnyyyn (2); nnnnyyyyynnn (1); ynnnnnnnnyyy (1); yynnnnnnyyyy (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; TMAG_2009; WAH_1998; White_2020]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): transient (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (2); vegetative (2) [sources: Meers_2007; Morgan_2011_1; White_2020; Williams_2005]
  • clonal_spread_mechanism (categorical): stolon (2) [sources: Meers_2007; Williams_2011]
  • storage_organ (categorical): no_storage_organ (1) [sources: Leishman_1992]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): bud-bearing_root (1); none (2); rhizome (1) [sources: Crowley_2007; Doherty_2021; NSWFRD_2014; Nano_2011]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 16.69 mg/g (16.69-16.69 mg/g) [sources: Dong_2017]
  • leaf_delta13C (numerical): -26.68 {delta}[ppth] (-26.68--26.68 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Dong_2017]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 2.2 mg (0.68-6.9 mg) [sources: ANBG_2019; Angevin_2011; Cross_2009; Dwyer_2017; Kew_2019_1; Leishman_1992; Lunt_2012; Meers_2007; Mokany_2015; Williams_2005]
  • seed_length (numerical): 5.55 mm (3-7.62 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019; Jordan_2001]
  • seed_width (numerical): 3.04 mm (2-4.59 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019; Jordan_2001]
  • seed_shape (categorical): conical (1); ovoid (1); polyhedral (1) [sources: ANBG_2019; SAH_2023]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
eFLOWER_Dun_20222124L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
White_20202020M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
SAH_20231214S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
ANBG_2019612Australian National Botanic Gardens. The National Seed Bank. 2018. url: http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/living/seedbank/.
NHNSW_20231012N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Meers_20071111T. Meers. “Role of plant functional traits in determining the response of vegetation to land use change on the Delatite Peninsula, Victoria.”. PhD. University of Melbourne, 2007.
TMAG_2009911Tasmanian Herbarium. Flora of Tasmania Online. 2009. url: http://www.tmag.tas.gov.au/floratasmania.
ABRS_2023810Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
RBGV_2023810VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
Williams_20111010R. P. Duncan, S. E. Clemants, R. T. Corlett, A. K. Hahs, M. A. McCarthy, M. J. McDonnell, M. W. Schwartz, K. Thompson, P. A. Vesk, and N. S. G. Williams. “Plant traits and extinction in urban areas: a meta-analysis of 11 cities”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20.4 (2011), pp. 509-519. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00633.x.
Dong_201788N. Dong, I. C. Prentice, B. J. Evans, S. Caddy-Retalic, A. J. Lowe, and I. J. Wright. “Leaf nitrogen from first principles: field evidence for adaptive variation with climate”. Biogeosciences 14.2 (2017), pp. 481-495. doi: 10.5194/bg-14-481-2017.
Angevin_201177T. Angevin. “Species richness and functional trait diversity response to land use in a temperate eucalypt woodland community”. Honours. La Trobe University, 2011.
Jordan_200177G. J. Jordan. “An investigation of long-distance dispersal based on species native to both Tasmania and New Zealand”. Australian Journal of Botany 49.3 (2001), pp. 333-340. doi: 10.1071/bt00024.
Leishman_199277M. R. Leishman and M. Westoby. “Classifying plants into groups on the basis of associations of individual traits-Evidence from Australian semi-arid woodlands”. Journal of Ecology 80 (1992), pp. 417-424. doi: 10.2307/2260687.
NSWFRD_201477B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Cheal_201755D. Cheal. Growth stages and tolerable fire intervals for Victoria's native vegetation data sets. Fire and adaptive management, report no. 84. Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, 2010.
Fonseca_200055C. R. Fonseca, J. M. Overton, B. Collins, and M. Westoby. “Shifts in trait-combinations along rainfall and phosphorus gradients”. Journal of Ecology 88 (2000), pp. 964-977. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00506.x.
Morgan_2011_155J. Morgan. “Unpublished data: Grassy woodland traits, La Trobe University”. 2011.
Cross_200944E. Cross. “The characteristics of natives and invaders: A trait-based investigation into the theory of limiting similarity.”. Honours. La Trobe University, 2009.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Sweedman_200624L. Sweedman and D. Merritt. Australian Seeds: A Guide to Their Collection, Identification, and Biology. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. ISBN: 9780643094079.
Williams_200544N. S. G. Williams, J. W. Morgan, M. J. McDonnell, and M. A. McCarthy. “Plant traits and local extinctions in natural grasslands along an urban-rural gradient”. Journal of Ecology 93.6 (2005), pp. 1203-1213. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2005.01039.x.
Draper_202333J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
Dwyer_201733J. M. Dwyer and D. C. Laughlin. “Constraints on trait combinations explain climatic drivers of biodiversity: The importance of trait covariance in community assembly”. Ecology Letters 20.7 (2017), pp. 872-882. doi: 10.1111/ele.12781.
Kew_2019_113Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Mokany_201533K. Mokany, J. J. Thomson, A. J. J. Lynch, G. J. Jordan, and S. Ferrier. “Linking changes in community composition and function under climate change”. Ecological Applications 25.8 (2015), pp. 2132-2141. doi: 10.1890/14-2384.1.
NHNSW_202233N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NTH_202233D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
NTH_202333D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
RBGV_202233VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_202233S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
WAH_2022_233Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wright_200033I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.
ABRS_202222Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Chen_201722Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
Crowley_200722G. Crowley, M. Gardener, and M. Marrinan. Tropical savannas fire response database. 2007. url: [www.landmanager.org.au](www.landmanager.org.au).
Doherty_202122M. Doherty. “Fire Severity and Plant Community Dynamics in the Australian Alps, Southeastern New South Wales”. PhD. Australian National University, 2021. url: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/224564.
NHNSW_2014_222Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Nano_201122C. E. M. Nano and P. J. Clarke. “How do drought and fire influence the patterns of resprouting in Australian deserts?”. Plant Ecology 212 (2011), pp. 2095-2110. doi: 10.1007/s11258-011-9988-x.
WAH_2023_212Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
ABRS_198111B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Lunt_201211I. Lunt and J. Morgan. “Unpublished data: Trait data from various Morgan and Lunt projects 1990-2012, Charles Sturt & La Trobe University”. 2012.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
Schmidt_199311S. Schmidt. “Unpublished data: Compilation of mycorrhizal status data, University of Queensland”. 1993.
WAH_199811Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.