Canarium australianum

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Family Burseraceae

Taxonomy: Canarium australianum F.Muell.

Synonyms: 2 (APC 2026-07-30)

Canarium australasicum Benth. (orthographic variant)
Sonzaya australiana (F.Muell.) Marchand (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA, NT, Qld

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NT eFlora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (1), ABRS_2022 (4), ABRS_2023 (11), Chen_2017 (4), Clarke_2015 (3), Crowley_2007 (2), Ilic_2000 (3), Kew_2019_1 (1), Lawes_2012 (1), Lord_1997 (4), Nano_2011 (2), RussellSmith_2012 (4), Schmidt_2003 (7), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Westoby_2014 (32), Yang_2023 (2). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 64 traits from 90 records in 20 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): resprouts (4) [sources: Clarke_2015; Crowley_2007; Nano_2011; RussellSmith_2012]
post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (2) [sources: Clarke_2015; Yang_2023]

flower morphology

sex_type (categorical): dioecious (1) [sources: ABRS_2022]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 20 mm (20-20 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
fruit_type (categorical): drupe (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): fleshy (1) [sources: Chen_2017]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (1) [sources: Chen_2017]

leaf morphology

leaf_area (numerical): 25550 mm2 (25550-25550 mm2) [sources: Westoby_2014]
leaf_length (numerical): 90 mm (70-110 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 108.2 g/m2 (108.2-108.2 g/m2) [sources: Westoby_2014]
leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.13 g/g (0.13-0.13 g/g) [sources: Schmidt_2003]
leaf_shape (categorical): ovate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_base_shape (categorical): oblique (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1); toothed_dentate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): compound (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]

life history

plant_growth_form (categorical): climber_herbaceous (1); tree (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; Lord_1997; Schmidt_2003; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
life_history (categorical): perennial (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; Schmidt_2003; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (1) [sources: ABRS_1981]
nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: Schmidt_2003]
root_structure (categorical): arbuscular_mycorrhizal (1) [sources: Schmidt_2003]
dispersal_syndrome (categorical): zoochory (1) [sources: Lord_1997]
dispersers (categorical): vertebrates (1) [sources: Lord_1997]
flowering_time (categorical): yyyynnnnnnyy (1) [sources: WAH_1998]
seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (1) [sources: RussellSmith_2012]
bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_stem_buds (3); epicormic_buds (2) [sources: Clarke_2015; Crowley_2007; Nano_2011]

nutrient and stable isotope

leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 13.83 mg/g (13-14.66 mg/g) [sources: Schmidt_2003; Westoby_2014]
leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 1.02 mg/g (1.02-1.02 mg/g) [sources: Westoby_2014]
leaf_delta13C (numerical): -29.86 {delta}[ppth] (-29.86--29.86 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Westoby_2014]

seed morphology

seed_dry_mass (numerical): 608.05 mg (577.1-639 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1; Lord_1997]

stem morphology

wood_density (numerical): 0.49 mg/mm3 (0.4-0.56 mg/mm3) [sources: Ilic_2000; Westoby_2014]
huber_value (numerical): 0 mm2{sapwood}/mm2{leaf} (0-0 mm2{sapwood}/mm2{leaf}) [sources: Westoby_2014]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 20.75 m (3-30 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; WAH_2023_2]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
Westoby_2014	30	32	S. M. Gleason, D. W. Butler, K. Zieminska, P. Waryszak, and M. Westoby. “Stem xylem conductivity is key to plant water balance across Australian angiosperm species”. Functional Ecology 26 (2012), pp. 343-352. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.01962.x.
ABRS_2023	10	11	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Schmidt_2003	7	7	S. Schmidt and G. R. Stewart. “d15N values of tropical savanna and monsoon forest species reflect root specialisations and soil nitrogen status”. Oecologia 134 (2003), pp. 569-577. doi: 10.1007/s00442-002-1150-y.
ABRS_2022	4	4	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Chen_2017	4	4	Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
Lord_1997	4	4	J. Lord, J. Egan, T. Clifford, E. Jurado, M. Leishman, D. Williams, and M. Westoby. “Larger seeds in tropical floras: Consistent patterns independent of growth form and dispersal mode”. Journal of Biogeography 24 (1997), pp. 205-211. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2699.1997.00126.x.
RussellSmith_2012	4	4	J. Russell-Smith, M. R. Gardener, C. Brock, K. Brennan, C. P. Yates, and B. Grace. “Fire persistence traits can be used to predict vegetation response to changing fire regimes at expansive landscape scales - an Australian example”. Journal of Biogeography 39 (2012), pp. 1657-1668. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02714.x.
Clarke_2015	3	3	P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Ilic_2000	1	3	J. Ilic, D. Boland, M. McDonald, D. G, and P. Blakemore. Woody density phase 1 - State of knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System. Technical Report 18. Tech. rep. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia, 2000.
WAH_2022_2	3	3	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Crowley_2007	2	2	G. Crowley, M. Gardener, and M. Marrinan. Tropical savannas fire response database. 2007. url: [www.landmanager.org.au](www.landmanager.org.au).
Nano_2011	2	2	C. E. M. Nano and P. J. Clarke. “How do drought and fire influence the patterns of resprouting in Australian deserts?”. Plant Ecology 212 (2011), pp. 2095-2110. doi: 10.1007/s11258-011-9988-x.
WAH_2023_2	1	2	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Yang_2023	2	2	S. Yang. “Unpublished data: Fire response traits scored from national and state floras and the taxonomic literature, University of New South Wales”. 2023.
ABRS_1981	1	1	B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Kew_2019_1	1	1	Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Lawes_2012	1	1	M. J. Lawes, J. J. Midgley, and P. J. Clarke. “Costs and benefits of relative bark thickness in relation to fire damage: A savanna/forest contrast”. Journal of Ecology 101 (2012), pp. 517-524. doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.12035.
WAH_1998	1	1	Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.