AusTraits

Casuarina equisetifolia

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Casuarinaceae

Taxonomy: Casuarina equisetifolia L.

Synonyms: none listed in the APC 2026-07-30

Distribution (APC): WA (naturalised), CoI (naturalised), NT, Qld, NSW

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (1), ABRS_2022 (4), ABRS_2023 (12), Brock_1993 (4), Chen_2017 (5), Cooper_2013 (14), Gross_2005 (4), Ilic_2000 (2), Kew_2019_1 (9), Kew_2019_3 (2), Kew_2019_4 (1), Kew_2019_5 (1), Kooyman_2011 (12), NHNSW_2014_2 (3), NHNSW_2022 (4), NHNSW_2023 (9), NTH_2022 (4), NTH_2023 (5), RussellSmith_2012 (4), Schmidt_1993 (1), Sjostrom_2006 (4), WAH_2022_2 (4), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wright_2000 (8), Zanne_2009 (1), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (22). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 58 traits from 145 records in 28 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): red_brown (1) [sources: eFLOWER_Dun_2022]
  • sex_type (categorical): monoecious (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; Gross_2005; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 9.44 mm (6-24 mm) [sources: Chen_2017; ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013; NTH_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 11 mm (9-13 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013]
  • fruit_type (categorical): nut (1); samara (7) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; Sjostrom_2006; Wright_2000]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (5) [sources: Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; Sjostrom_2006; Wright_2000]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (5) [sources: Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; Sjostrom_2006; Wright_2000]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_length (numerical): 6.52 mm (0.3-13 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 0.65 mm (0.3-1 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_type (categorical): scale (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): terete (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): unlobed (1) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (2) [sources: Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): whorled (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): cladode (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; Brock_1993; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: Kew_2019_3]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): tree (8) [sources: ABRS_2022; Brock_1993; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (6) [sources: ABRS_2022; Brock_1993; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): erect (1) [sources: WAH_2022_2]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; Kooyman_2011]
  • root_structure (categorical): arbuscular_mycorrhizal (1) [sources: Schmidt_1993]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (1); hydrochory (1) [sources: Kew_2019_5]
  • dispersers (categorical): birds (1) [sources: Cooper_2013]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nyyyyyyyynnn (1) [sources: Cooper_2013]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (1) [sources: RussellSmith_2012]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 4.46 mg (1-20 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1]
  • seed_length (numerical): 4.25 mm (1-8 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011]
  • seed_width (numerical): 1.5 mm (1-2 mm) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.78 mg/mm3 (0.63-0.84 mg/mm3) [sources: Ilic_2000; Zanne_2009]
whole plant morphology
  • plant_height (numerical): 18.42 m (5-35 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; Brock_1993; Cooper_2013; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; WAH_2023_2]

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
eFLOWER_Dun_20221522L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
Cooper_20131114W. Cooper and W. T. Cooper. Australian rainforest fruits. CSIRO Publishing, 2013, p. 272.
ABRS_2023812Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Kooyman_2011812R. Kooyman, M. Rossetto, W. Cornwell, and M. Westoby. “Phylogenetic tests of community assembly across regional to continental scales in tropical and subtropical rain forests”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20 (2011), pp. 707-716. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00641.x.
Kew_2019_119Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
NHNSW_202369N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Wright_200088I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.
Chen_201755Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
NTH_202345D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
ABRS_202244Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Brock_199344J. Brock and A. Dunlop. Native plants of northern Australia. Reed New Holland, 1993. ISBN: 9781877069246.
Gross_200544C. L. Gross. “A comparison of the sexual systems in the trees from the Australian tropics with other tropical biomes-more monoecy but why?”. American Journal of Botany 92.6 (2005), pp. 907-919. doi: 10.3732/ajb.92.6.907.
NHNSW_202244N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NTH_202244D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
RussellSmith_201244J. Russell-Smith, M. R. Gardener, C. Brock, K. Brennan, C. P. Yates, and B. Grace. “Fire persistence traits can be used to predict vegetation response to changing fire regimes at expansive landscape scales - an Australian example”. Journal of Biogeography 39 (2012), pp. 1657-1668. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02714.x.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
WAH_2022_244Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
NHNSW_2014_233Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Ilic_200012J. Ilic, D. Boland, M. McDonald, D. G, and P. Blakemore. Woody density phase 1 - State of knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System. Technical Report 18. Tech. rep. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia, 2000.
Kew_2019_322Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Salt and water tolerance data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
WAH_2023_212Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
ABRS_198111B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Kew_2019_411Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Oil content data from Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Kew_2019_511Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed dispersal data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Schmidt_199311S. Schmidt. “Unpublished data: Compilation of mycorrhizal status data, University of Queensland”. 1993.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.
Zanne_200911A. E. Zanne, G. Lopez-Gonzalez, D. A. Coomes, J. Ilic, S. Jansen, S. L. Lewis, R. B. Miller, N. G. Swenson, M. C. Wiemann, and J. Chave. “Data from: Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum”. Dryad Digital Repository (2009). doi: 10.5061/dryad.234.