Chthonocephalus pseudevax

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Family Asteraceae

Taxonomy: Chthonocephalus pseudevax Steetz

Synonyms: 1 (APC 2026-07-30)

Chthonocephalus drummondii A.Gray (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA, NT, SA, Qld, NSW, Vic

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: Cheal_2017 (5), Crowley_2007 (2), Draper_2023 (3), Dwyer_2017 (15), Kew_2019_1 (1), Kew_2019_6 (3), Leishman_1992 (7), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (4), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (11), NSWFRD_2014 (3), Nano_2011 (2), Pate_1998 (7), RBGV_2022 (3), RBGV_2023 (13), SAH_2022 (4), SAH_2023 (13), Sjostrom_2006 (4), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (4), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (20), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (9). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 57 traits from 141 records in 25 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (5) [sources: Cheal_2017; Crowley_2007; NSWFRD_2014; Nano_2011; White_2020]

flower morphology

flower_colour (categorical): yellow_orange (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 0.62 mm (0.5-1 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
fruit_width (numerical): 0.44 mm (0.35-0.7 mm) [sources: RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
fruit_height (numerical): 0.44 mm (0.35-0.7 mm) [sources: RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
fruit_type (categorical): achene (4) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

leaf morphology

leaf_area (numerical): 10 mm2 (10-10 mm2) [sources: Leishman_1992]
leaf_length (numerical): 16.33 mm (6-30 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
leaf_width (numerical): 2.75 mm (1.5-4 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 29.23 g/m2 (26.05-34.69 g/m2) [sources: Dwyer_2017]
leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (1); oblanceolate (3); obovate (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
leaf_margin (categorical): entire (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]

life history

photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (3) [sources: Munroe_2019; Pate_1998; White_2020]
plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (9) [sources: Leishman_1992; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; Pate_1998; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
life_history (categorical): annual (7); ephemeral (1) [sources: Cheal_2017; Leishman_1992; NHNSW_2022; Pate_1998; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (5) [sources: NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
plant_succulence (categorical): not_succulent (1) [sources: Pate_1998]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): prostrate (1); rosette (4) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; White_2020]
nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (2) [sources: Pate_1998; White_2020]
parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (1); zoochory (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
dispersers (categorical): invertebrates (1); wind (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnyyyn (3); nnnnnyyyyyyn (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; WAH_1998; White_2020]
seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (1) [sources: White_2020]
vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1) [sources: White_2020]
storage_organ (categorical): no_storage_organ (1) [sources: Leishman_1992]
bud_bank_location (categorical): none (2) [sources: Crowley_2007; Nano_2011]

nutrient and stable isotope

leaf_delta13C (numerical): -26.12 {delta}[ppth] (-26.12--26.12 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Pate_1998]

seed morphology

seed_dry_mass (numerical): 0.16 mg (0.02-0.41 mg) [sources: Dwyer_2017; Kew_2019_1; Leishman_1992]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 0.02 m (0.02-0.02 m) [sources: Leishman_1992]
plant_physical_defence_structures (categorical): absent (1) [sources: White_2020]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
White_2020	20	20	M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
Dwyer_2017	3	15	J. M. Dwyer and D. C. Laughlin. “Constraints on trait combinations explain climatic drivers of biodiversity: The importance of trait covariance in community assembly”. Ecology Letters 20.7 (2017), pp. 872-882. doi: 10.1111/ele.12781.
RBGV_2023	10	13	VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_2023	8	13	S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
NHNSW_2023	8	11	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
eFLOWER_Dun_2022	7	9	L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
Leishman_1992	7	7	M. R. Leishman and M. Westoby. “Classifying plants into groups on the basis of associations of individual traits-Evidence from Australian semi-arid woodlands”. Journal of Ecology 80 (1992), pp. 417-424. doi: 10.2307/2260687.
Pate_1998	7	7	J. S. Pate, M. J. Unkovich, P. D. Erskine, and G. R. Stewart. “Australian mulga ecosystems- 13C and 15N natural abundances of biota components and their ecophysiological significance”. Plant, Cell and Environment 21.12 (1998), pp. 1231-1242. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00359.x.
Cheal_2017	5	5	D. Cheal. Growth stages and tolerable fire intervals for Victoria's native vegetation data sets. Fire and adaptive management, report no. 84. Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, 2010.
NHNSW_2014_2	4	4	Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
SAH_2022	4	4	S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Sjostrom_2006	4	4	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
WAH_2022_2	4	4	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Draper_2023	3	3	J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
Kew_2019_6	1	3	Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
NHNSW_2022	3	3	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NSWFRD_2014	3	3	B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
RBGV_2022	3	3	VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
Crowley_2007	2	2	G. Crowley, M. Gardener, and M. Marrinan. Tropical savannas fire response database. 2007. url: [www.landmanager.org.au](www.landmanager.org.au).
Nano_2011	2	2	C. E. M. Nano and P. J. Clarke. “How do drought and fire influence the patterns of resprouting in Australian deserts?”. Plant Ecology 212 (2011), pp. 2095-2110. doi: 10.1007/s11258-011-9988-x.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Kew_2019_1	1	1	Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Munroe_2019	1	1	S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
WAH_1998	1	1	Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.