AusTraits

Claoxylon australe

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Family Euphorbiaceae

Taxonomy: Claoxylon australe Baill.

Synonyms: 4 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Claoxylon australe Baill. var. australe (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Claoxylon australe var. dentata Benth. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Claoxylon australe var. laxiflora Benth. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Mercurialis australis (Baill.) Baill. (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): Qld, NSW

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ANBG_2019 (5), Benwell_2024 (4), Butler_2004 (4), Clarke_2009 (5), Clarke_2015 (3), Cooper_2013 (13), Fonseca_2000 (12), Kooyman_2011 (14), Leishman_1993 (1), Leishman_1995 (8), NHNSW_2014_2 (2), NHNSW_2022 (4), NHNSW_2023 (17), NSWFRD_2014 (6), RadfordSmith_2024 (39), Sams_2017 (8), Sjostrom_2006 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Westoby_2004 (17), White_2020 (18), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (33). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 83 traits from 218 records in 22 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (1); resprouts (4) [sources: Benwell_2024; Clarke_2009; Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (1); post_fire_recruitment_absent (1) [sources: Benwell_2024; Clarke_2015]
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): green (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • sex_type (categorical): dioecious (2) [sources: NHNSW_2022; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 6 mm (6-6 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 5.75 mm (5-6 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013; NHNSW_2023]
  • fruit_height (numerical): 5.5 mm (5-6 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): capsule (4) [sources: Cooper_2013; NHNSW_2023; RadfordSmith_2024; Sams_2017]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2); fleshy (1) [sources: Cooper_2013; Leishman_1995; Sams_2017]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (3) [sources: Cooper_2013; Sams_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_colour (categorical): black (1); purple (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 3128.35 mm2 (1512.18-7199.83 mm2) [sources: Fonseca_2000; Leishman_1995; RadfordSmith_2024; Westoby_2004]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 90 mm (60-120 mm) [sources: Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 36.56 mm (20-50 mm) [sources: Fonseca_2000; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_dry_mass (numerical): 154.91 mg (61-277 mg) [sources: Fonseca_2000; RadfordSmith_2024]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 3 cm (2-4 cm) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 57.91 g/m2 (36.36-93.46 g/m2) [sources: Fonseca_2000; Leishman_1995; RadfordSmith_2024; Sams_2017; Westoby_2004]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.32 g/g (0.27-0.35 g/g) [sources: RadfordSmith_2024]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (1); oblong (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): toothed (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): unlobed (1) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2014_2; Westoby_2004]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (4); tree (8) [sources: Butler_2004; Clarke_2009; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011; Leishman_1995; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (2) [sources: NHNSW_2022; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (2) [sources: NHNSW_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: Kooyman_2011; RadfordSmith_2024]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): endozoochory (3); myrmecochory (1); zoochory (2) [sources: Butler_2004; Leishman_1995; NSWFRD_2014; RadfordSmith_2024; White_2020]
  • dispersers (categorical): animals (1); ants (1); birds (2); flying_vertebrates (1); vertebrates (2) [sources: Butler_2004; Cooper_2013; Leishman_1995; NSWFRD_2014; Sams_2017; White_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnnyyn (1); nnnnnnnnyyyn (1) [sources: Cooper_2013; White_2020]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): soil_seedbank (1) [sources: Benwell_2024]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): transient (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_buds (1); basal_stem_buds (3) [sources: Clarke_2009; Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 9.57 mg (8.71-10 mg) [sources: ANBG_2019; Leishman_1993; Leishman_1995]
  • seed_length (numerical): 3.2 mm (2.91-4 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019; Kooyman_2011]
  • seed_width (numerical): 2.87 mm (2.5-4 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019; Butler_2004; Kooyman_2011]
  • seed_shape (categorical): globoid (1) [sources: ANBG_2019]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.56 mg/mm3 (0.39-0.63 mg/mm3) [sources: Kooyman_2011; RadfordSmith_2024; Sams_2017; Westoby_2004]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
RadfordSmith_20241539J. Radford-Smith, H. R. Lai, E. C. Weeren, and J. M. Dwyer. “A Functional Basis for the Assembly of Australian Subtropical Rainforest Tree Communities”. Ecology Letters 27.11 (2024). ISSN: 1461-0248. doi: 10.1111/ele.70014.
eFLOWER_Dun_20222133L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
White_20201818M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
NHNSW_20231217N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Westoby_2004417M. Westoby. “Unpublished data: Trait data for plant species at Mt Wellington and Sea Acres, Macquarie University”. 2004.
Kooyman_20111014R. Kooyman, M. Rossetto, W. Cornwell, and M. Westoby. “Phylogenetic tests of community assembly across regional to continental scales in tropical and subtropical rain forests”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20 (2011), pp. 707-716. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00641.x.
Cooper_20131113W. Cooper and W. T. Cooper. Australian rainforest fruits. CSIRO Publishing, 2013, p. 272.
Fonseca_2000412C. R. Fonseca, J. M. Overton, B. Collins, and M. Westoby. “Shifts in trait-combinations along rainfall and phosphorus gradients”. Journal of Ecology 88 (2000), pp. 964-977. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00506.x.
Leishman_199588M. R. Leishman, M. Westoby, and E. Jurado. “Correlates of seed size variation: A comparison among five temperate floras”. Journal of Ecology 83 (1995), pp. 517-529. doi: 10.2307/2261604.
Sams_201788M. A. Sams, H. R. Lai, S. P. Bonser, P. A. Vesk, R. M. Kooyman, D. J. Metcalfe, J. W. Morgan, and M. M. Mayfield. “Landscape context explains changes in the functional diversity of regenerating forests better than climate or species richness”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 26.10 (2017), pp. 1165-1176. doi: 10.1111/geb.12627.
NSWFRD_201466B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
ANBG_201955Australian National Botanic Gardens. The National Seed Bank. 2018. url: http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/living/seedbank/.
Clarke_200935P. J. Clarke, K. J. E. Knox, M. L. Campbell, and L. M. Copeland. “Post-fire recovery of woody plants in the New England Tableland Bioregion”. Cunninghamia 11 (2009), pp. 221-239. doi: https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/4907.
Benwell_202444A. Benwell. “Fire responses of flora in a sclerophyll-rainforest vegetation complex in the Nightcap Range, North Coast, New South Wales”. Australian Journal of Botany 72.1 (2024). Ed. by D. Williams. ISSN: 1444-9862. doi: 10.1071/bt23049.
Butler_200444D. W. Butler, R. J. Green, D. Lamb, W. J. F. Mcdonald, and P. I. Forster. “Biogeography of seed-dispersal syndromes, life-forms and seed sizes among woody rain-forest plants in Australia's subtropics”. Journal of Biogeography 34.10 (2007), pp. 1736-1750. ISSN: 1365-2699. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01734.x.
NHNSW_202244N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Clarke_201533P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
NHNSW_2014_222Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Sjostrom_200622A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Leishman_199311M. Leishman. “Unpublished data: Seed mass data for Sydney species, Macquarie University”. 1990.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.