AusTraits

Eremophila longifolia

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Scrophulariaceae

Taxonomy: Eremophila longifolia (R.Br.) F.Muell.

Synonyms: 7 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Bondtia longifolia Kuntze (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Bontia longifolia (R.Br.) Kuntze (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Eremophila salicina (Benth.) Domin (taxonomic synonym)
  • Pholidia longifolia (R.Br.) Wettst. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Stenochilus longifolius R.Br. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Stenochilus pubiflorus Benth. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Stenochilus salicinus Benth. (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA, NT, SA, Qld, NSW, Vic

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: Chinnock_2007 (15), Clarke_2015 (3), Collette_2021 (1), Crowley_2007 (2), Curtis_2012 (14), Dong_2017 (29), Draper_2023 (3), Fonseca_2000 (13), Grootemaat_2015 (213), Grootemaat_2017_2 (28), Hughes_2005 (5), Ilic_2000 (1), Jurado_1991 (5), Kew_2019_5 (1), Leishman_1992 (7), McGlone_2015 (6), Morgan_2005 (10), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (3), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (16), NSWFRD_2014 (6), NTH_2022 (3), NTH_2023 (10), Nano_2011 (4), Onoda_2010 (33), Pate_1998 (6), Pickup_2005 (5), RBGV_2022 (3), RBGV_2023 (17), RussellSmith_2012 (4), SAH_2022 (3), SAH_2023 (17), Sjostrom_2006 (2), Soliveres_2012 (2), Vesk_2004 (13), Vesk_2019 (42), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Westoby_2003 (4), Westoby_2014 (7), White_2020 (20), Wright_2001 (1), Wright_2002 (24), Zanne_2007 (18), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (34). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 144 traits from 666 records in 49 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): resprouts (8) [sources: Clarke_2015; Crowley_2007; NSWFRD_2014; Nano_2011; RussellSmith_2012; Vesk_2004; White_2020]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (1); post_fire_recruitment_absent (3) [sources: Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014; Nano_2011]
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): green (1); red_brown (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; eFLOWER_Dun_2022]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 8.38 mm (4-12 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 8.5 mm (5-12 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_height (numerical): 8.5 mm (5-12 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): drupe (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): fleshy (1) [sources: Soliveres_2012]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (2) [sources: NTH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_colour (categorical): purple (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 280.31 mm2 (146.2-460 mm2) [sources: Curtis_2012; Fonseca_2000; Grootemaat_2015; Jurado_1991; Leishman_1992; Morgan_2005; Pickup_2005; Westoby_2003; Westoby_2014; Wright_2002]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 120.32 mm (30-200 mm) [sources: Curtis_2012; Grootemaat_2015; McGlone_2015; Chinnock_2007; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 6.49 mm (3-14 mm) [sources: Curtis_2012; Fonseca_2000; Grootemaat_2015; McGlone_2015; Chinnock_2007; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_dry_mass (numerical): 55.16 mg (38-110 mg) [sources: Curtis_2012; Fonseca_2000; Grootemaat_2015]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 225.23 g/m2 (128.48-295 g/m2) [sources: Curtis_2012; Dong_2017; Fonseca_2000; Grootemaat_2015; Morgan_2005; Pickup_2005; Vesk_2004; Westoby_2003; Westoby_2014; Zanne_2007]
  • leaf_area_ratio (numerical): 2.73 mm2/mg (2.73-2.73 mm2/mg) [sources: Pickup_2005]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.29 g/g (0.26-0.36 g/g) [sources: Curtis_2012; Vesk_2004]
  • leaf_water_content_per_dry_mass (numerical): 1.4 g/g (1.4-1.4 g/g) [sources: Grootemaat_2015]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (2); lanceolate (4); linear (4) [sources: Chinnock_2007; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (4) [sources: Chinnock_2007; McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (3) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (4) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (3) [sources: Munroe_2019; Pate_1998; White_2020]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (16); tree (9) [sources: Chinnock_2007; Curtis_2012; Fonseca_2000; Jurado_1991; Leishman_1992; McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; NTH_2022; Pate_1998; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Soliveres_2012; Vesk_2004; Vesk_2019; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (9) [sources: Curtis_2012; Leishman_1992; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; Pate_1998; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (6) [sources: NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (3) [sources: Dong_2017; Pate_1998; White_2020]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): bird (1); vertebrate (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): endozoochory (2); zoochory (1) [sources: Draper_2023; Kew_2019_5; White_2020]
  • dispersers (categorical): birds (1); vertebrates (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnnnnn (1); nnyyyyyyyyyn (1); yyyyyyyyyyyy (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; WAH_1998; White_2020]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (2) [sources: RussellSmith_2012; White_2020]
  • seed_dormancy_class (categorical): physiological_dormancy (1) [sources: Collette_2021]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): vegetative (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • storage_organ (categorical): no_storage_organ (1) [sources: Leishman_1992]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_buds (1); basal_stem_buds (3); bud-bearing_root (2); rhizome (2) [sources: Clarke_2015; Crowley_2007; NSWFRD_2014; Nano_2011]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 21.01 mg/g (14.6-32.12 mg/g) [sources: Dong_2017; Grootemaat_2017_2; Wright_2002]
  • leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.93 mg/g (0.8-1 mg/g) [sources: Grootemaat_2017_2; Wright_2002]
  • leaf_delta13C (numerical): -27.49 {delta}[ppth] (-30.17--26.15 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Dong_2017; Pate_1998; Wright_2002]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 48.13 mg (1.26-95 mg) [sources: Leishman_1992; Wright_2001]
  • seed_length (numerical): 3.5 mm (3-4 mm) [sources: Chinnock_2007]
  • seed_width (numerical): 1.1 mm (1-1.2 mm) [sources: Chinnock_2007]
  • seed_shape (categorical): ovoid (1) [sources: Chinnock_2007]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.73 mg/mm3 (0.58-0.81 mg/mm3) [sources: Hughes_2005; Ilic_2000; Morgan_2005; Onoda_2010; Pickup_2005; Westoby_2014; Zanne_2007]
  • huber_value (numerical): 0 mm2{sapwood}/mm2{leaf} (0-0 mm2{sapwood}/mm2{leaf}) [sources: Pickup_2005; Zanne_2007]
  • stem_vessel_density (numerical): 383 {count}/mm2 (383-383 {count}/mm2) [sources: Hughes_2005]
  • stem_vessel_diameter (numerical): 18 um (18-18 um) [sources: Hughes_2005]
  • stem_vessel_lumen_fraction (numerical): 0.11 mm2/mm2 (0.11-0.11 mm2/mm2) [sources: Hughes_2005]
whole plant morphology
  • plant_height (numerical): 5.5 m (1-8 m) [sources: Chinnock_2007; Leishman_1992; McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; WAH_2023_2]
  • plant_physical_defence_structures (categorical): absent (1) [sources: White_2020]

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Grootemaat_201517213S. Grootemaat, I. J. Wright, P. M. Bodegom, J. H. C. Cornelissen, and W. K. Cornwell. “Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species”. Functional Ecology 29.11 (2015), pp. 1486-1497. doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.12449.
Vesk_2019342P. A. Vesk and J. D. L. Yen. “Plant resprouting: How many sprouts and how deep? Flexible modelling of multispecies experimental disturbances.”. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 41 (2019), p. 125497. doi: 10.1016/j.ppees.2019.125497.
eFLOWER_Dun_20222534L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
Onoda_2010733Y. Onoda, A. E. Richards, and M. Westoby. “The relationship between stem biomechanics and wood density is modified by rainfall in 32 Australian woody plant species”. New Phytologist 185.2 (2009), pp. 493-501. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03088.x.
Dong_2017829N. Dong, I. C. Prentice, B. J. Evans, S. Caddy-Retalic, A. J. Lowe, and I. J. Wright. “Leaf nitrogen from first principles: field evidence for adaptive variation with climate”. Biogeosciences 14.2 (2017), pp. 481-495. doi: 10.5194/bg-14-481-2017.
Grootemaat_2017_2728S. Grootemaat, I. J. Wright, P. M. van Bodegom, and J. H. C. Cornelissen. “Scaling up flammability from individual leaves to fuel beds”. Oikos 126.10 (2017), pp. 1428-1438. doi: 10.1111/oik.03886.
Wright_20022424I. J. Wright and M. Westoby. “Leaves at low versus high rainfall: Coordination of structure, lifespan and physiology”. New Phytologist 155 (2002), pp. 403-416. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00479.x.
White_20202020M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
Zanne_2007618A. Zanne. “Unpublished data: Hydraulic traits for NSW plant species from four field sites, Macquarie University”. 2007.
RBGV_20231217VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_20231117S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
NHNSW_20231116N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Chinnock_20071015R. J. Chinnock. Eremophila and allied genera: A monograph of the plant family Myoporaceae. Rosenberg, 2007. ISBN: 9781877058165.
Curtis_20121414E. M. Curtis, A. Leigh, and S. Rayburg. “Relationships among leaf traits of Australian arid zone plants: alternative modes of thermal protection”. Australian Journal of Botany 60.6 (2012), pp. 471-483. doi: 10.1071/bt11284.
Fonseca_2000513C. R. Fonseca, J. M. Overton, B. Collins, and M. Westoby. “Shifts in trait-combinations along rainfall and phosphorus gradients”. Journal of Ecology 88 (2000), pp. 964-977. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00506.x.
Vesk_2004513P. A. Vesk, M. R. Leishman, and M. Westoby. “Simple traits do not predict grazing response in Australian dry shrublands and woodlands”. Journal of Applied Ecology 41.1 (2004), pp. 22-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2004.00857.x.
Morgan_2005510H. Morgan. “Root system architecture, water use and rainfall responses of perennial species”. PhD. Macquarie University, 2005.
NTH_2023710D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Leishman_199277M. R. Leishman and M. Westoby. “Classifying plants into groups on the basis of associations of individual traits-Evidence from Australian semi-arid woodlands”. Journal of Ecology 80 (1992), pp. 417-424. doi: 10.2307/2260687.
Westoby_201477S. M. Gleason, D. W. Butler, K. Zieminska, P. Waryszak, and M. Westoby. “Stem xylem conductivity is key to plant water balance across Australian angiosperm species”. Functional Ecology 26 (2012), pp. 343-352. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.01962.x.
McGlone_201566M. S. McGlone, S. J. Richardson, G. J. Jordan, and G. L. Perry. “Is there a `suboptimal' woody species height? A response to Scheffer et al.”. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 30.1 (2015), pp. 4-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2014.09.007.
NSWFRD_201466B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Pate_199866J. S. Pate, M. J. Unkovich, P. D. Erskine, and G. R. Stewart. “Australian mulga ecosystems- 13C and 15N natural abundances of biota components and their ecophysiological significance”. Plant, Cell and Environment 21.12 (1998), pp. 1231-1242. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00359.x.
Hughes_200555K. Hughes. “Unpublished data: Wood and stem density data for Australian plant species, Macquarie University”. 2005.
Jurado_199155E. Jurado. “Diaspore weight, dispersal, growth form and perenniality of central Australian plants”. Journal of Ecology 79 (1991), pp. 811-828.
Pickup_200555M. Pickup, M. Westoby, and A. Basden. “Dry mass costs of deploying leaf area in relation to leaf size”. Functional Ecology 19.1 (2005), pp. 88-97. doi: 10.1111/j.0269-8463.2005.00927.x.
Nano_201134C. E. M. Nano and P. J. Clarke. “How do drought and fire influence the patterns of resprouting in Australian deserts?”. Plant Ecology 212 (2011), pp. 2095-2110. doi: 10.1007/s11258-011-9988-x.
RussellSmith_201244J. Russell-Smith, M. R. Gardener, C. Brock, K. Brennan, C. P. Yates, and B. Grace. “Fire persistence traits can be used to predict vegetation response to changing fire regimes at expansive landscape scales - an Australian example”. Journal of Biogeography 39 (2012), pp. 1657-1668. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02714.x.
Westoby_200344M. Westoby and I. J. Wright. “The leaf size - twig size spectrum and its relationship to other important spectra of variation among species”. Oecologia 135 (2003), pp. 621-628. doi: 10.1007/s00442-003-1231-6.
Clarke_201533P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Draper_202333J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
NHNSW_2014_233Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NHNSW_202233N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NTH_202233D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
RBGV_202233VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_202233S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
WAH_2022_233Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Crowley_200722G. Crowley, M. Gardener, and M. Marrinan. Tropical savannas fire response database. 2007. url: [www.landmanager.org.au](www.landmanager.org.au).
Sjostrom_200622A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Soliveres_201222S. Soliveres, D. J. Eldridge, F. Hemmings, and F. T. Maestre. “Nurse plant effects on plant species richness in drylands: The role of grazing, rainfall and species specificity”. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 14 (2012), pp. 402-410. doi: 10.1016/j.ppees.2012.09.003.
WAH_2023_212Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Collette_202111J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
Ilic_200011J. Ilic, D. Boland, M. McDonald, D. G, and P. Blakemore. Woody density phase 1 - State of knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System. Technical Report 18. Tech. rep. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia, 2000.
Kew_2019_511Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed dispersal data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
WAH_199811Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.
Wright_200111I. J. Wright. “Unpublished data: Seed mass reserve data for various species in NSW, Macquarie University”. 2001.