AusTraits

Eucalyptus baxteri

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Myrtaceae

Taxonomy: Eucalyptus baxteri (Benth.) Maiden & Blakely ex J.M.Black

Synonyms: 6 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Eucalyptus aff. serraensis (Mt William) (taxonomic synonym)
  • Eucalyptus baxteri (Benth.) Maiden & Blakely ex J.M.Black var. baxteri (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Eucalyptus baxteri var. pedicellata J.M.Black (taxonomic synonym)
  • Eucalyptus capitellata var. latifolia Benth. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Eucalyptus santalifolia var. ? baxteri Benth. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Eucalyptus sp. aff. baxteri (Grampians) (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): SA, NSW, Vic

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (17), ANBG_2019 (4), Bradshaw_2022 (66), CPBR_2002 (8), Cheal_2017 (8), Clarke_2015 (3), Dong_2017 (15), Draper_2023 (3), Edwards_2000 (36), Ilic_2000 (2), Kew_2019_1 (3), Kew_2019_6 (3), McGlone_2015 (6), Moles_2011 (7), Morgan_2021 (9), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (4), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (16), NSWFRD_2014 (8), Nicolle_2006 (3), Pfautsch_2016 (28), Pollock_2012 (426), Portelli_2023 (102), RBGV_2022 (3), RBGV_2023 (17), Roderick_1999 (4), SAH_2022 (3), SAH_2023 (23), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Stephens_2024 (16), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (55), Wright_2000 (7). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 93 traits from 919 records in 36 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): white_cream (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; Stephens_2024]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_dry_mass (numerical): 369.97 mg (212-602 mg) [sources: Pollock_2012; Portelli_2023]
  • fruit_length (numerical): 8.96 mm (4-12 mm) [sources: Pollock_2012; ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Stephens_2024]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 10.79 mm (7-18 mm) [sources: Pollock_2012; ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Stephens_2024]
  • fruit_height (numerical): 12.17 mm (7-16 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): capsule (5); caryopsis (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006; Wright_2000]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Sjostrom_2006; Wright_2000]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (6) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006; Wright_2000]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 2633.75 mm2 (542-4929 mm2) [sources: Bradshaw_2022; Edwards_2000; Moles_2011; Morgan_2021; Pollock_2012; Portelli_2023]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 97.2 mm (25-150 mm) [sources: Bradshaw_2022; McGlone_2015; ABRS_2023; CPBR_2002; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Stephens_2024]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 30.43 mm (13-75 mm) [sources: Bradshaw_2022; McGlone_2015; ABRS_2023; CPBR_2002; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Stephens_2024]
  • leaf_dry_mass (numerical): 667.91 mg (162-1326 mg) [sources: Bradshaw_2022; Morgan_2021; Pollock_2012; Portelli_2023]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 1.38 cm (0.5-2 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 258.5 g/m2 (140.34-385.77 g/m2) [sources: Bradshaw_2022; Dong_2017; Edwards_2000; Moles_2011; Morgan_2021; Pollock_2012; Portelli_2023; Roderick_1999]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.43 g/g (0.43-0.43 g/g) [sources: Moles_2011]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): lanceolate (2); narrowly_ovate (3); ovate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (6) [sources: ABRS_2023; Edwards_2000; McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_hairs_adult_leaves (categorical): glabrous (1) [sources: Moles_2011]
  • leaf_hairs_immature_leaves (categorical): glabrous (1) [sources: Moles_2011]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2014_2; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (4) [sources: Munroe_2019; White_2020]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): mallee (1); tree (12) [sources: ABRS_2022; CPBR_2002; Edwards_2000; McGlone_2015; Moles_2011; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (6) [sources: ABRS_2022; Cheal_2017; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: Edwards_2000; NHNSW_2014_2]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (5) [sources: Dong_2017; Edwards_2000; White_2020]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (3) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): bird (1); insect (4); mammal (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): barochory (4) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • dispersers (categorical): passive (1) [sources: Draper_2023]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnyyyyyyyyn (1); yyyynnnnnnny (2); yyyynyyyyyyy (1) [sources: Stephens_2024; White_2020]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): canopy_seedbank (1) [sources: NSWFRD_2014]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): long_persistent (1); transient (3) [sources: Cheal_2017; White_2020]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (3) [sources: White_2020]
  • storage_organ (categorical): lignotuber (2) [sources: NSWFRD_2014; Nicolle_2006]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_stem_buds (2); epicormic_buds (3) [sources: Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014; Nicolle_2006]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 10.07 mg/g (8.2-12.38 mg/g) [sources: Dong_2017; Edwards_2000; Roderick_1999]
  • leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.29 mg/g (0.29-0.29 mg/g) [sources: Edwards_2000]
  • leaf_delta13C (numerical): -28.64 {delta}[ppth] (-28.88--28.39 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Dong_2017]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 2.87 mg (1.07-17.5 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1; Pollock_2012; Portelli_2023]
  • seed_length (numerical): 2.66 mm (2-3.5 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019; CPBR_2002]
  • seed_width (numerical): 1.71 mm (1.71-1.71 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019]
  • seed_shape (categorical): hemispheric_flattened (1); polyhedral (3); sectoroid (1) [sources: ANBG_2019; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.69 mg/mm3 (0.55-0.87 mg/mm3) [sources: Bradshaw_2022; Ilic_2000; Pfautsch_2016; Portelli_2023]
  • stem_vessel_density (numerical): 11.93 {count}/mm2 (8.68-14.21 {count}/mm2) [sources: Pfautsch_2016]
  • stem_vessel_diameter (numerical): 122.52 um (114.02-134.49 um) [sources: Pfautsch_2016]
  • stem_vessel_lumen_fraction (numerical): 0.16 mm2/mm2 (0.11-0.21 mm2/mm2) [sources: Pfautsch_2016]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Pollock_20129426L. J. Pollock, W. K. Morris, and P. A. Vesk. “The role of functional traits in species distributions revealed through a hierarchical model”. Ecography 35.8 (2011), pp. 716-725. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2011.07085.x.
Portelli_202311102A. M. Portelli, S. M. Windecker, L. J. Pollock, W. C. Neal, W. K. Morris, R. Khot, and P. A. Vesk. “From mallees to mountain ash, specific leaf area is coordinated with eucalypt tree stature, resprouting, stem construction, and fruit size”. Australian Journal of Botany 71.8 (2023). Ed. by D. Williams, pp. 506-522. ISSN: 1444-9862. doi: 10.1071/bt23028.
Bradshaw_2022666H. Bradshaw and G. Guerin. Variance in plant functional traits in Eucalyptus baxteri and E. obliqua - a pilot study to assess utility for inferring climate vulnerability. 2022. doi: 10.25909/624BF3FA77AD4.
White_20201955M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
Edwards_20001636C. Edwards, J. Read, and G. D. Sanson. “Characterising sclerophylly: some mechanical properties of leaves from heath and forest”. Oecologia 123.2 (2000), pp. 158-167. doi: 10.1007/s004420051001.
Pfautsch_2016628S. Pfautsch. “Vessel diameter and related hydraulic traits of 31 Eucalyptus species arrayed along a gradient of water availability”. Ecology 97.6 (2016), pp. 1626-1626. doi: 10.1890/16-0147.1.
SAH_20231523S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
ABRS_20231217Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
RBGV_20231517VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
NHNSW_20231116N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Stephens_2024916R. E. Stephens, H. Sauquet, B. Laugier, C. Gosper, and R. V. Gallagher. “Eucalypt flower size and colour shaped more by pollination than abiotic environment”. in review (2024).
Dong_2017815N. Dong, I. C. Prentice, B. J. Evans, S. Caddy-Retalic, A. J. Lowe, and I. J. Wright. “Leaf nitrogen from first principles: field evidence for adaptive variation with climate”. Biogeosciences 14.2 (2017), pp. 481-495. doi: 10.5194/bg-14-481-2017.
Morgan_202139R. Morgan, I. Martín-Forés, E. Leitch, and G. Guerin. Assessment of protocols and variance for specific leaf area (SLA) in 10 Eucalyptus species to inform functional trait sampling strategies for TERN Ausplots. 2021. doi: 10.25909/14197298.
CPBR_200258Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research. EUCLID 2.0: Eucalypts of Australia. 2002. url: http://apps.lucidcentral.org/euclid/text/intro/index.html.
Cheal_201788D. Cheal. Growth stages and tolerable fire intervals for Victoria's native vegetation data sets. Fire and adaptive management, report no. 84. Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, 2010.
NSWFRD_201488B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Moles_201177A. T. Moles, I. R. Wallis, W. J. Foley, D. I. Warton, J. C. Stegen, A. J. Bisigato, L. Cella-Pizarro, C. J. Clark, P. S. Cohen, W. K. Cornwell, W. Edwards, R. Ejrnaes, T. Gonzales-Ojeda, B. J. Graae, G. Hay, F. C. Lumbwe, B. Magana-Rodriguez, B. D. Moore, P. L. Peri, J. R. Poulsen, R. Veldtman, H. von Zeipel, N. R. Andrew, S. L. Boulter, E. T. Borer, F. F. Campon, M. Coll, A. G. Farji-Brener, J. D. Gabriel, E. Jurado, L. A. Kyhn, B. Low, C. P. H. Mulder, K. Reardon-Smith, J. Rodriguez-Velazquez, E. W. Seabloom, P. A. Vesk, A. van Cauter, M. S. Waldram, Z. Zheng, P. G. Blendinger, B. J. Enquist, J. M. Facelli, T. Knight, J. D. Majer, M. Martinez-Ramos, P. McQuillan, and L. D. Prior. “Putting plant resistance traits on the map: A test of the idea that plants are better defended at lower latitudes”. New Phytologist 191.3 (2011), pp. 777-788. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03732.x.
Wright_200077I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.
McGlone_201566M. S. McGlone, S. J. Richardson, G. J. Jordan, and G. L. Perry. “Is there a `suboptimal' woody species height? A response to Scheffer et al.”. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 30.1 (2015), pp. 4-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2014.09.007.
ANBG_201944Australian National Botanic Gardens. The National Seed Bank. 2018. url: http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/living/seedbank/.
NHNSW_2014_244Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Roderick_199944M. L. Roderick, S. L. Berry, and I. R. Noble. “The relationship between leaf composition and morphology at elevated CO2 concentrations”. New Phytologist 143.1 (1999), pp. 63-72. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.1999.00438.x.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
ABRS_202233Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Clarke_201533P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Draper_202333J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
Kew_2019_113Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Kew_2019_613Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
NHNSW_202233N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Nicolle_200633D. Nicolle. “A classification and census of regenerative strategies in the eucalypts (Angophora, Corymbia and Eucalyptus - Myrtaceae), with special reference to the obligate seeders”. Australian Journal of Botany 54.4 (2006), pp. 391-407. doi: 10.1071/bt05061.
RBGV_202233VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_202233S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Ilic_200012J. Ilic, D. Boland, M. McDonald, D. G, and P. Blakemore. Woody density phase 1 - State of knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System. Technical Report 18. Tech. rep. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia, 2000.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.