AusTraits

Eucalyptus tetrodonta

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Myrtaceae

Taxonomy: Eucalyptus tetrodonta F.Muell.

Synonyms: none listed in the APC 2026-07-30

Distribution (APC): WA, NT, Qld

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NT eFlora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_2022 (6), ABRS_2023 (34), Barrett_2009 (3), Burrows_2020 (4), CPBR_2002 (8), Cernusak_2006 (99), Cernusak_2011 (460), Clarke_2015 (3), Crowley_2007 (2), Dong_2017 (8), Eamus_1998 (15), Eamus_1999 (10), Eamus_2000 (10), Ilic_2000 (4), Kew_2019_1 (2), Kew_2019_6 (1), Lawes_2012 (56), Lord_1997 (3), Munroe_2019 (1), Myers_1997 (29), NTH_2014 (4), NTH_2022 (3), NTH_2023 (18), Nano_2011 (2), Nicolle_2006 (3), Prior_2000 (10), Prior_2003 (191), Rice_1991 (1), Richards_2008 (6), Rosell_2014 (8), Rumman_2018 (4), RussellSmith_2012 (4), Schmidt_2003 (58), Schulze_1998 (151), Schulze_2014 (27), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Soper_2014 (42), Stephens_2024 (20), Sweedman_2006 (4), Togashi_2015 (3), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wright_2000 (3), Wright_2008 (70), Wright_2019 (470). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 133 traits from 1,872 records in 47 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): white_cream (1) [sources: Stephens_2024]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 16.17 mm (12-22 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Stephens_2024]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 12.67 mm (9-18 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Stephens_2024]
  • fruit_type (categorical): capsule (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 6699.75 mm2 (1590.6-43200 mm2) [sources: Cernusak_2011; Prior_2000; Prior_2003; Schulze_2014; Wright_2008; Wright_2019]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 172.5 mm (70-350 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; CPBR_2002; NTH_2023; Stephens_2024]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 36.75 mm (10-120 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; CPBR_2002; NTH_2023; Stephens_2024]
  • leaf_dry_mass (numerical): 897.84 mg (446-2255 mg) [sources: Cernusak_2011; Wright_2019]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 1.58 cm (1-2.5 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 215.12 g/m2 (137.93-588.24 g/m2) [sources: Cernusak_2006; Cernusak_2011; Dong_2017; Eamus_1998; Eamus_1999; Prior_2003; Richards_2008; Schulze_1998; Schulze_2014; Wright_2008; Wright_2019]
  • leaf_mass_fraction (numerical): 0.59 g/g (0.33-0.7 g/g) [sources: Wright_2019]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.26 g/g (0.05-0.51 g/g) [sources: Cernusak_2006; Myers_1997; Prior_2003; Schmidt_2003]
  • leaf_water_content_per_dry_mass (numerical): 1.32 g/g (1.02-1.63 g/g) [sources: Prior_2003]
  • leaf_type (categorical): broadleaf (1) [sources: Rumman_2018]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): falcate (2); lanceolate (2); narrowly_lanceolate (1); narrowly_ovate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_base_shape (categorical): attenuate (1) [sources: NTH_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (6) [sources: ABRS_2023; Eamus_1998; Eamus_1999; NTH_2014; Prior_2003]
  • leaf_glaucousness (categorical): glaucous (1); not_glaucous (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (3); opposite (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (5) [sources: Eamus_1998; Eamus_1999; Munroe_2019; Prior_2003; Schmidt_2003]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): mallee (2); tree (14) [sources: ABRS_2022; Barrett_2009; CPBR_2002; Eamus_1998; Eamus_1999; Lord_1997; NTH_2022; Prior_2003; Rice_1991; Rumman_2018; Schmidt_2003; Schulze_1998; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (7) [sources: ABRS_2022; Burrows_2020; NTH_2022; Schmidt_2003; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; NTH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (10) [sources: Eamus_1998; Eamus_1999; Myers_1997; NTH_2014; Prior_2003; Schmidt_2003; Schulze_1998; Schulze_2014]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (10) [sources: Dong_2017; Eamus_1998; Eamus_1999; Prior_2003; Richards_2008; Schmidt_2003; Schulze_1998; Schulze_2014; Wright_2008]
  • root_structure (categorical): ectomycorrhizal (1) [sources: Schmidt_2003]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): barochory (1) [sources: Lord_1997]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnyyyyynn (1); nnnyyyyyyynn (1) [sources: NTH_2014; Stephens_2024]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): transient (1) [sources: RussellSmith_2012]
  • storage_organ (categorical): lignotuber (2) [sources: NTH_2023; Nicolle_2006]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_buds (2); basal_stem_buds (1); epicormic_buds (4) [sources: Barrett_2009; Burrows_2020; Clarke_2015; Crowley_2007; Nano_2011; Nicolle_2006]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 9.02 mg/g (3.92-17 mg/g) [sources: Cernusak_2011; Dong_2017; Eamus_1998; Eamus_1999; Prior_2003; Richards_2008; Schmidt_2003; Schulze_1998; Schulze_2014; Soper_2014; Wright_2008; Wright_2019]
  • leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.45 mg/g (0.28-0.76 mg/g) [sources: Cernusak_2011; Prior_2003; Richards_2008; Wright_2008; Wright_2019]
  • leaf_delta13C (numerical): -28.04 {delta}[ppth] (-30.62--23.1 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Cernusak_2011; Dong_2017; Rumman_2018; Schmidt_2003; Schulze_1998; Schulze_2014; Soper_2014; Wright_2019]
physiology
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 15.39 mg (4.15-40 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1; Lord_1997]
  • seed_length (numerical): 3 mm (2-4 mm) [sources: CPBR_2002; NTH_2023]
  • seed_shape (categorical): ovoid (1) [sources: NTH_2023]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.58 mg/mm3 (0.46-1.01 mg/mm3) [sources: Ilic_2000; Rosell_2014; Wright_2008; Wright_2019]
  • huber_value (numerical): 0 mm2{sapwood}/mm2{leaf} (0-0 mm2{sapwood}/mm2{leaf}) [sources: Cernusak_2006; Prior_2000; Togashi_2015]
whole plant morphology
  • plant_height (numerical): 18.3 m (3-25 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; CPBR_2002; NTH_2023; WAH_2023_2]

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Wright_201937470I. J. Wright, J. Cooke, L. A. Cernusak, L. B. Hutley, M. C. Scalon, W. C. Tozer, and C. E. R. Lehmann. “Stem diameter growth rates in a fire-prone savanna correlate with photosynthetic rate and branch-scale biomass allocation, but not specific leaf area”. Austral Ecology 44.2 (2018), pp. 339-350. doi: 10.1111/aec.12678.
Cernusak_201121460L. A. Cernusak, L. B. Hutley, J. Beringer, J. A. Holtum, and B. L. Turner. “Photosynthetic physiology of eucalypts along a sub-continental rainfall gradient in northern Australia”. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 151.11 (2011), pp. 1462-1470. doi: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.01.006.
Prior_200321191L. D. Prior, D. Eamus, and D. M. J. S. Bowman. “Leaf attributes in the seasonally dry tropics: A comparison of four habitats in northern Australia”. Functional Ecology 17 (2003), pp. 504-515. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2435.2003.00761.x.
Schulze_19988151E. -. Schulze, R. J. Williams, G. D. Farquhar, W. Schulze, J. Langridge, J. M. Miller, and B. H. Walker. “Carbon and nitrogen isotope discrimination and nitrogen nutrition of trees along a rainfall gradient in northern Australia”. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 25.4 (1998), pp. 413-425. doi: 10.1071/PP97113.
Cernusak_20061099L. A. Cernusak, L. B. Hutley, J. Beringer, and N. J. Tapper. “Stem and leaf gas exchange and their responses to fire in a north Australian tropical savanna”. Plant, Cell and Environment 29.4 (2006), pp. 632-646. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01442.x.
Wright_2008970I. J. Wright. “Unpublished data: Trait data for Northern Territory savanna species, Macquarie University”. 2008.
Schmidt_20031158S. Schmidt and G. R. Stewart. “d15N values of tropical savanna and monsoon forest species reflect root specialisations and soil nitrogen status”. Oecologia 134 (2003), pp. 569-577. doi: 10.1007/s00442-002-1150-y.
Lawes_2012156M. J. Lawes, J. J. Midgley, and P. J. Clarke. “Costs and benefits of relative bark thickness in relation to fire damage: A savanna/forest contrast”. Journal of Ecology 101 (2012), pp. 517-524. doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.12035.
Soper_20141042F. M. Soper, A. E. Richards, I. Siddique, M. P. M. Aidar, G. D. Cook, L. B. Hutley, N. Robinson, and S. Schmidt. “Natural abundance (delta15N) indicates shifts in nitrogen relations of woody taxa along a savanna-woodland continental rainfall gradient”. Oecologia 178.1 (2014), pp. 297-308. doi: 10.1007/s00442-014-3176-3.
ABRS_20231334Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Myers_1997829B. A. Myers, G. A. Duff, D. Eamus, I. R. Fordyce, A. O'Grady, and R. J. Williams. “Seasonal Variation in Water Relations of Trees of Differing Leaf Phenology in a Wet - Dry Tropical Savanna near Darwin, Northern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany 45.2 (1997), p. 225. doi: 10.1071/bt96015.
Schulze_2014927E. D. Schulze, D. Nicolle, A. Boerner, M. Lauerer, G. Aas, and I. Schulze. “Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of Eucalyptus and Acacia species along a seasonal rainfall gradient in Western Australia”. Trees 28.4 (2014), pp. 1125-1135. doi: 10.1007/s00468-014-1023-0.
Stephens_2024920R. E. Stephens, H. Sauquet, B. Laugier, C. Gosper, and R. V. Gallagher. “Eucalypt flower size and colour shaped more by pollination than abiotic environment”. in review (2024).
NTH_20231418D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Eamus_19981515D. Eamus and H. Prichard. “A cost-benefit analysis of leaves of four Australian savanna species”. Tree Physiology 18 (1998), pp. 537-545. doi: 10.1093/treephys/18.8-9.537.
Eamus_19991010D. Eamus, B. Myers, G. Duff, and D. Williams. “Seasonal changes in photosynthesis of eight savanna tree species”. Tree Physiology 19 (1999), pp. 665-671. doi: 10.1093/treephys/19.10.665.
Eamus_2000310D. Eamus, A. P. O'Grady, and L. Hutley. “Dry season conditions determine wet season water use in the wet-tropical savannas of northern Australia”. Tree Physiology 20.18 (2000), pp. 1219-1226. doi: 10.1093/treephys/20.18.1219.
Prior_2000510L. D. Prior and D. Eamus. “Seasonal changes in hydraulic conductance, xylem embolism and leaf area in Eucalyptus tetrodonta and Eucalyptus miniata in a north Australian savanna”. Plant, Cell & Environment 23.9 (2000), pp. 955-965. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3040.2000.00612.x.
CPBR_200258Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research. EUCLID 2.0: Eucalypts of Australia. 2002. url: http://apps.lucidcentral.org/euclid/text/intro/index.html.
Dong_201788N. Dong, I. C. Prentice, B. J. Evans, S. Caddy-Retalic, A. J. Lowe, and I. J. Wright. “Leaf nitrogen from first principles: field evidence for adaptive variation with climate”. Biogeosciences 14.2 (2017), pp. 481-495. doi: 10.5194/bg-14-481-2017.
Rosell_201488J. A. Rosell, S. Gleason, R. Mendez-Alonzo, Y. Chang, and M. Westoby. “Bark functional ecology: Evidence for tradeoffs, functional coordination, and environment producing bark diversity”. New Phytologist 201.2 (2014), pp. 486-497. doi: 10.1111/nph.12541.
ABRS_202236Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Richards_200856A. Richards and I. J. Wright. “Unpublished data: Transcription of Australian plant functional trait data from Ian Wright's collection of papers, Macquarie University”. 2009.
Burrows_202044N. Burrows. Data from 'Plant Ecological Attributes' theme, NatureMap, DBCA, WA. 2020.
Ilic_200014J. Ilic, D. Boland, M. McDonald, D. G, and P. Blakemore. Woody density phase 1 - State of knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System. Technical Report 18. Tech. rep. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia, 2000.
NTH_201444Northern Territory Herbarium. Flora of the Darwin Region Online. 2014. url: http://www.lrm.nt.gov.au/plants-and-animals/herbarium/darwin_flora_online.
Rumman_201844R. Rumman, O. K. Atkin, K. J. Bloomfield, and D. Eamus. “Variation in bulk-leaf 13C discrimination, leaf traits and wateruse efficiency-trait relationships along a continental-scale climate gradient in Australia”. Global Change Biology 24 (2018), pp. 1186-1200. doi: 10.1111/gcb.13911.
RussellSmith_201244J. Russell-Smith, M. R. Gardener, C. Brock, K. Brennan, C. P. Yates, and B. Grace. “Fire persistence traits can be used to predict vegetation response to changing fire regimes at expansive landscape scales - an Australian example”. Journal of Biogeography 39 (2012), pp. 1657-1668. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02714.x.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Sweedman_200624L. Sweedman and D. Merritt. Australian Seeds: A Guide to Their Collection, Identification, and Biology. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. ISBN: 9780643094079.
Barrett_200933S. Barrett, S. Comer, N. McQuoid, M. Porter, C. Tiller, and D. Utber. Identification and Conservation of Fire Sensitive Ecosystems and Species of the South Coast Natural Resource Management Region.. government. Department of Conservation and Land Management, South Coast Region, Western Australia, 2009.
Clarke_201533P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Lord_199733J. Lord, J. Egan, T. Clifford, E. Jurado, M. Leishman, D. Williams, and M. Westoby. “Larger seeds in tropical floras: Consistent patterns independent of growth form and dispersal mode”. Journal of Biogeography 24 (1997), pp. 205-211. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2699.1997.00126.x.
NTH_202233D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Nicolle_200633D. Nicolle. “A classification and census of regenerative strategies in the eucalypts (Angophora, Corymbia and Eucalyptus - Myrtaceae), with special reference to the obligate seeders”. Australian Journal of Botany 54.4 (2006), pp. 391-407. doi: 10.1071/bt05061.
Togashi_201513H. F. Togashi, I. C. Prentice, B. J. Evans, D. I. Forrester, P. Drake, P. Feikema, K. Brooksbank, D. Eamus, and D. Taylor. “Morphological and moisture availability controls of the leaf area-to-sapwood area ratio: analysis of measurements on Australian trees”. Ecology and Evolution 5.6 (2015), pp. 1263-1270. doi: 10.1002/ece3.1344.
WAH_2022_233Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wright_200033I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.
Crowley_200722G. Crowley, M. Gardener, and M. Marrinan. Tropical savannas fire response database. 2007. url: [www.landmanager.org.au](www.landmanager.org.au).
Kew_2019_112Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Nano_201122C. E. M. Nano and P. J. Clarke. “How do drought and fire influence the patterns of resprouting in Australian deserts?”. Plant Ecology 212 (2011), pp. 2095-2110. doi: 10.1007/s11258-011-9988-x.
WAH_2023_212Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Kew_2019_611Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
Rice_199111B. Rice. “Unpublished data: Growth form of Kakadu plant species, Macquarie University”. 1991.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.