AusTraits

Exocarpos latifolius

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Santalaceae

Taxonomy: Exocarpos latifolius R.Br.

Synonyms: 5 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Exocarpos floribundus Domin (taxonomic synonym)
  • Exocarpos latifolia F.Muell. (orthographic variant)
  • Exocarpus floribunda Domin (taxonomic synonym)
  • Exocarpus latifolia R.Br. (orthographic variant)
  • Xylophyllos latifolius (R.Br.) Kuntze (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA, NT, Qld, NSW

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (1), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (11), ATRP_2020 (1), Brock_1993 (12), Butler_2004 (5), Chen_2017 (4), Clarke_2015 (6), Collette_2021 (1), Cooper_2013 (13), Crowley_2007 (2), Gross_2005 (4), Ilic_2000 (1), Kew_2019_1 (2), Kooyman_2011 (10), Lawes_2012 (15), McCarthy_2017 (10), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (4), NHNSW_2022 (4), NHNSW_2023 (15), NSWFRD_2014 (4), NTH_2014 (4), NTH_2022 (4), NTH_2023 (13), Nano_2011 (2), RussellSmith_2012 (4), Schmidt_2003 (38), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Stewart_1995 (6), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (4), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wright_2000 (1), Wright_2008 (9), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (26). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 80 traits from 250 records in 38 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): resprouts (6) [sources: Clarke_2015; Crowley_2007; NSWFRD_2014; Nano_2011; RussellSmith_2012]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (2); post_fire_recruitment_absent (1) [sources: Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014]
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): green (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (2) [sources: Gross_2005; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 7.5 mm (5-10 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): drupe (7) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): fleshy (4) [sources: Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (4) [sources: Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_colour (categorical): red (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 1217.23 mm2 (599-2062.5 mm2) [sources: McCarthy_2017; Wright_2008]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 69.3 mm (18-140 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Brock_1993; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 46.25 mm (8-80 mm) [sources: Brock_1993; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 1 cm (0.2-2 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 160.65 g/m2 (109.39-204.57 g/m2) [sources: McCarthy_2017; Wright_2008]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.13 g/g (0.02-0.21 g/g) [sources: Schmidt_2003]
  • leaf_type (categorical): broadleaf (1) [sources: Stewart_1995]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (4); obovate (3); ovate (1); widely_ovate (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; Brock_1993; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): unlobed (1) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (5) [sources: ABRS_2023; Brock_1993; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2014_2; NTH_2014]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; NTH_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (3) [sources: Munroe_2019; Schmidt_2003; Stewart_1995]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (9); tree (13) [sources: ABRS_2022; ATRP_2020; Brock_1993; Butler_2004; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; NTH_2022; Schmidt_2003; Stewart_1995; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (7) [sources: ABRS_2022; Brock_1993; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; Schmidt_2003; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): erect (1); spreading (1) [sources: NHNSW_2022]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (6) [sources: ABRS_1981; Brock_1993; Kooyman_2011; NTH_2014; Schmidt_2003; Stewart_1995]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (3) [sources: Schmidt_2003; Stewart_1995; Wright_2008]
  • root_structure (categorical): arbuscular_mycorrhizal (1); ectomycorrhizal (1) [sources: Schmidt_2003]
  • parasitic (categorical): hemiparasitic (1); parasitic (1) [sources: NTH_2022; WAH_2022_2]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): endozoochory (1) [sources: Butler_2004]
  • dispersers (categorical): birds (1); vertebrates (1) [sources: Butler_2004; Cooper_2013]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnyyyyyyyyy (1); nnyyyyyyyyyn (1); yynnnnnnyyyy (2); yyyyyyynnnnn (1); yyyyyyyyyyyy (1) [sources: Brock_1993; Cooper_2013; NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; NTH_2014; WAH_1998]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): transient (1) [sources: RussellSmith_2012]
  • seed_dormancy_class (categorical): morphophysiological_dormancy (1) [sources: Collette_2021]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_stem_buds (2); bud-bearing_root (2); epicormic_buds (1); rhizome (2); underground_buds (1) [sources: Clarke_2015; Crowley_2007; Nano_2011]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 14.52 mg/g (10-20 mg/g) [sources: Schmidt_2003; Wright_2008]
  • leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.52 mg/g (0.52-0.52 mg/g) [sources: Wright_2008]
  • leaf_delta13C (numerical): -30.22 {delta}[ppth] (-31.24--28.66 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Schmidt_2003; Stewart_1995]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 224.13 mg (177.34-270.92 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1]
  • seed_length (numerical): 6.5 mm (5-7 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011]
  • seed_width (numerical): 4.75 mm (4-5 mm) [sources: Butler_2004; Kooyman_2011]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.69 mg/mm3 (0.51-0.87 mg/mm3) [sources: Ilic_2000; Wright_2008]
whole plant morphology
  • plant_height (numerical): 7.62 m (1.5-10 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; Brock_1993; Cooper_2013; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; WAH_2023_2]

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Schmidt_20031138S. Schmidt and G. R. Stewart. “d15N values of tropical savanna and monsoon forest species reflect root specialisations and soil nitrogen status”. Oecologia 134 (2003), pp. 569-577. doi: 10.1007/s00442-002-1150-y.
eFLOWER_Dun_20222326L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
Lawes_2012115M. J. Lawes, J. J. Midgley, and P. J. Clarke. “Costs and benefits of relative bark thickness in relation to fire damage: A savanna/forest contrast”. Journal of Ecology 101 (2012), pp. 517-524. doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.12035.
NHNSW_20231015N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Cooper_20131113W. Cooper and W. T. Cooper. Australian rainforest fruits. CSIRO Publishing, 2013, p. 272.
NTH_2023913D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Brock_1993912J. Brock and A. Dunlop. Native plants of northern Australia. Reed New Holland, 1993. ISBN: 9781877069246.
ABRS_2023911Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Kooyman_2011810R. Kooyman, M. Rossetto, W. Cornwell, and M. Westoby. “Phylogenetic tests of community assembly across regional to continental scales in tropical and subtropical rain forests”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20 (2011), pp. 707-716. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00641.x.
McCarthy_2017210J. K. McCarthy, J. M. Dwyer, and K. Mokany. “A regional-scale assessment of using metabolic scaling theory to predict ecosystem properties”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286.1915 (2019), p. 20192221. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2221.
Wright_200899I. J. Wright. “Unpublished data: Trait data for Northern Territory savanna species, Macquarie University”. 2008.
Clarke_201536P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Stewart_199566G. Stewart, M. Turnbull, S. Schmidt, and P. Erskine. “13C natural abundance in plant communities along a rainfall gradient: a biological integrator of water availability”. Functional Plant Biology 22.1 (1995), pp. 51-55. doi: 10.1071/pp9950051.
Butler_200455D. W. Butler, R. J. Green, D. Lamb, W. J. F. Mcdonald, and P. I. Forster. “Biogeography of seed-dispersal syndromes, life-forms and seed sizes among woody rain-forest plants in Australia's subtropics”. Journal of Biogeography 34.10 (2007), pp. 1736-1750. ISSN: 1365-2699. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01734.x.
Chen_201744Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
Gross_200544C. L. Gross. “A comparison of the sexual systems in the trees from the Australian tropics with other tropical biomes-more monoecy but why?”. American Journal of Botany 92.6 (2005), pp. 907-919. doi: 10.3732/ajb.92.6.907.
NHNSW_2014_244Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NHNSW_202244N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NSWFRD_201444B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
NTH_201444Northern Territory Herbarium. Flora of the Darwin Region Online. 2014. url: http://www.lrm.nt.gov.au/plants-and-animals/herbarium/darwin_flora_online.
NTH_202244D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
RussellSmith_201244J. Russell-Smith, M. R. Gardener, C. Brock, K. Brennan, C. P. Yates, and B. Grace. “Fire persistence traits can be used to predict vegetation response to changing fire regimes at expansive landscape scales - an Australian example”. Journal of Biogeography 39 (2012), pp. 1657-1668. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02714.x.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
WAH_2022_244Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
ABRS_202233Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Crowley_200722G. Crowley, M. Gardener, and M. Marrinan. Tropical savannas fire response database. 2007. url: [www.landmanager.org.au](www.landmanager.org.au).
Kew_2019_112Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Nano_201122C. E. M. Nano and P. J. Clarke. “How do drought and fire influence the patterns of resprouting in Australian deserts?”. Plant Ecology 212 (2011), pp. 2095-2110. doi: 10.1007/s11258-011-9988-x.
WAH_2023_212Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
ABRS_198111B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
ATRP_202011F. A. Zich, B. P. Hyland, T. Whiffin, and R. A. Kerrigan. Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants, Edition 8. 2020. url: https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/intro/index.html.
Collette_202111J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
Ilic_200011J. Ilic, D. Boland, M. McDonald, D. G, and P. Blakemore. Woody density phase 1 - State of knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System. Technical Report 18. Tech. rep. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia, 2000.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
WAH_199811Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.
Wright_200011I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.