AusTraits

Gratiola peruviana

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Plantaginaceae

Taxonomy: Gratiola peruviana L.

Synonyms: 1 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Gratiola latifolia R.Br. (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): SA, Qld, NSW, ACT, Vic, Tas

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: Britton_1994 (2), Burrows_2008_2 (4), Burrows_2020 (4), Catford_2014 (6), Cheal_2017 (2), Doherty_2021 (2), Draper_2023 (3), Jordan_2001 (6), Kew_2019_1 (4), Kew_2019_6 (8), Morgan_2011_1 (5), NHNSW_2014_2 (2), NHNSW_2022 (4), NHNSW_2023 (14), NSWFRD_2014 (3), RBGV_2022 (4), RBGV_2023 (16), SAH_2014 (4), SAH_2022 (4), SAH_2023 (12), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (34), Williams_2011 (9). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 52 traits from 159 records in 25 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): blue_purple (1); pink (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (2); monoecious (1) [sources: Jordan_2001; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 5.75 mm (4.5-7 mm) [sources: RBGV_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): capsule (4) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Jordan_2001; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (4) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_length (numerical): 29.17 mm (10-45 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2014]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 16.17 mm (4-27 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2014]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (3); ovate (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): toothed (2); toothed_serrate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): opposite (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (2); c4 (1) [sources: White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (9) [sources: Catford_2014; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • life_form (categorical): chamaephyte (1); hemicryptophyte (1) [sources: Morgan_2011_1; Williams_2011]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (9) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Catford_2014; Jordan_2001; Morgan_2011_1; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (4) [sources: NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): decumbent (3); erect (3) [sources: NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (3) [sources: White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • root_structure (categorical): arbuscular_mycorrhizal (1) [sources: Williams_2011]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (2) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (3) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • pollination_system (categorical): biotic_unspecialised (1) [sources: Williams_2011]
  • reproductive_maturity (numerical): 2 a (2-2 a) [sources: Burrows_2020]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): barochory (1); epizoochory (2); undefined (1); zoochory (1) [sources: Draper_2023; Morgan_2011_1; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • dispersers (categorical): abiotic (1); animals (1); birds (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): yynnnnnnyyyy (2); yyyyynnnnyyy (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): transient (2) [sources: White_2020]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (3); vegetative (1) [sources: Catford_2014; Morgan_2011_1; White_2020]
  • clonal_spread_mechanism (categorical): stolon (1) [sources: Williams_2011]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): bud-bearing_root (1); none (1) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Doherty_2021]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 0.02 mg (0.02-0.03 mg) [sources: Catford_2014; Kew_2019_1]
  • seed_length (numerical): 0.7 mm (0.6-0.8 mm) [sources: Jordan_2001; SAH_2023]
  • seed_width (numerical): 0.3 mm (0.3-0.3 mm) [sources: Jordan_2001]
  • seed_shape (categorical): ovoid (1); ovoid_elongated (1) [sources: SAH_2023]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
White_20201734M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
RBGV_20231216VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
NHNSW_20231114N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
SAH_20231012S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Williams_201199R. P. Duncan, S. E. Clemants, R. T. Corlett, A. K. Hahs, M. A. McCarthy, M. J. McDonnell, M. W. Schwartz, K. Thompson, P. A. Vesk, and N. S. G. Williams. “Plant traits and extinction in urban areas: a meta-analysis of 11 cities”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20.4 (2011), pp. 509-519. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00633.x.
Kew_2019_618Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Catford_201466J. A. Catford, W. K. Morris, P. A. Vesk, C. J. Gippel, and B. J. Downes. “Species and environmental characteristics point to flow regulation and drought as drivers of riparian plant invasion”. Diversity and Distributions 20 (2014), pp. 1084-1096. doi: 10.1111/ddi.12225.
Jordan_200166G. J. Jordan. “An investigation of long-distance dispersal based on species native to both Tasmania and New Zealand”. Australian Journal of Botany 49.3 (2001), pp. 333-340. doi: 10.1071/bt00024.
Morgan_2011_155J. Morgan. “Unpublished data: Grassy woodland traits, La Trobe University”. 2011.
Burrows_2008_244N. D. Burrows, G. Wardell-Johnson, and B. Ward. “Post-fire juvenile period of plants in south-west Australia forests and implications for fire management”. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 91 (2008), pp. 163-174. ISSN: 0035922X. url: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/19156 (visited on 03/27/2025).
Burrows_202044N. Burrows. Data from 'Plant Ecological Attributes' theme, NatureMap, DBCA, WA. 2020.
Kew_2019_114Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
NHNSW_202244N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
RBGV_202244VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_201424J. P. Jessop and H. R. Toelken. Flora of South Australia, 4th edition, 4 vols. Electronic version curated by J. Kellermann, State Herbarium of South Australia.. Government Printer, Adelaide, 1986.
SAH_202244S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Draper_202333J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
NSWFRD_201433B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Britton_199412D. L. Britton and M. A. Brock. “Seasonal germination from wetland seed banks”. Marine and Freshwater Research 45.8 (1994), pp. 1445-1457. doi: 10.1071/mf9941445.
Cheal_201722D. Cheal. Growth stages and tolerable fire intervals for Victoria's native vegetation data sets. Fire and adaptive management, report no. 84. Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, 2010.
Doherty_202122M. Doherty. “Fire Severity and Plant Community Dynamics in the Australian Alps, Southeastern New South Wales”. PhD. Australian National University, 2021. url: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/224564.
NHNSW_2014_222Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.