AusTraits

Hakea laurina

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Proteaceae

Taxonomy: Hakea laurina R.Br.

Synonyms: 1 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Hakea eucalyptoides Meisn. (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA, SA (naturalised), Tas (formerly naturalised)

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, SA eFlora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (4), ABRS_2022 (4), ABRS_2023 (16), ANBG_2019 (2), Barrett_2009 (50), Burrows_2008_2 (5), Burrows_2020 (5), Chen_2017 (5), Clarke_2015 (3), Collette_2021 (1), Gosper_2012 (6), Groom_1997 (9), Hanley_2002 (7), Jordan_2020 (6), Kew_2019_1 (4), Lamont_2002 (6), RBGV_2022 (4), RBGV_2023 (20), SAH_2014 (5), SAH_2022 (3), SAH_2023 (15), Shedley_2007 (10), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Standish_2019 (7), Staples_2019 (5), Sweedman_2006 (4), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wright_2000 (5), Yang_2023 (3). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 65 traits from 227 records in 33 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (16) [sources: Barrett_2009; Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Clarke_2015; Gosper_2012; Groom_1997; Shedley_2007; Standish_2019]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (12) [sources: Barrett_2009; Clarke_2015; Shedley_2007; Yang_2023]
  • fire_time_from_fire_to_flowering (numerical): 36 mo (36-36 mo) [sources: Burrows_2020]
flower morphology
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_dry_mass (numerical): 3265.8 mg (3265.8-3265.8 mg) [sources: Groom_1997]
  • fruit_length (numerical): 29.62 mm (22-38 mm) [sources: Groom_1997; ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 20 mm (16-28 mm) [sources: Groom_1997; ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): follicle (4) [sources: Chen_2017; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (4) [sources: Chen_2017; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 949.5 mm2 (949.5-949.5 mm2) [sources: Lamont_2002]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 140.33 mm (70-210 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2014]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 18.17 mm (6-30 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2014]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 1.5 cm (1-2 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 236.08 g/m2 (190.48-281.69 g/m2) [sources: Hanley_2002; Lamont_2002]
  • leaf_type (categorical): broadleaf (2) [sources: Hanley_2002; Lamont_2002]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (2); narrowly_obovate (3); spathulate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_base_shape (categorical): attenuate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_lamina_posture (categorical): flat (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_hairs_adult_leaves (categorical): glabrous (1) [sources: Jordan_2020]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (16); tree (6) [sources: ABRS_2022; Barrett_2009; Gosper_2012; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Shedley_2007; Standish_2019; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (9) [sources: ABRS_2022; Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Jordan_2020; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Standish_2019; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): erect (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; RBGV_2022]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (1) [sources: ABRS_1981]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: Standish_2019]
  • root_structure (categorical): proteoid_root (1) [sources: Standish_2019]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): bird (1) [sources: Groom_1997]
  • reproductive_maturity (numerical): 3 a (3-3 a) [sources: Burrows_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnyyyyynnnn (3) [sources: ABRS_1981; Chen_2017; WAH_1998]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): canopy_seedbank (15); soil_seedbank_absent (1) [sources: Barrett_2009; Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Gosper_2012; Shedley_2007; Standish_2019; Yang_2023]
  • serotiny (categorical): serotinous (2); serotiny_moderate (1) [sources: Gosper_2012; Groom_1997; Yang_2023]
  • seed_dormancy_class (categorical): non_dormant (1) [sources: Collette_2021]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): none (3) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Clarke_2015; Groom_1997]
nutrient and stable isotope
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 22.4 mg (20.19-27 mg) [sources: ANBG_2019; Groom_1997; Hanley_2002; Kew_2019_1; Standish_2019]
  • seed_length (numerical): 19.83 mm (15-24 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • seed_width (numerical): 11.25 mm (9.5-13 mm) [sources: SAH_2023]
  • seed_shape (categorical): ovoid (3); winged (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.73 mg/mm3 (0.72-0.76 mg/mm3) [sources: Staples_2019]
whole plant morphology
  • plant_height (numerical): 5.12 m (2-6 m) [sources: ABRS_1981; RBGV_2023; SAH_2014; WAH_2023_2]

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Barrett_2009650S. Barrett, S. Comer, N. McQuoid, M. Porter, C. Tiller, and D. Utber. Identification and Conservation of Fire Sensitive Ecosystems and Species of the South Coast Natural Resource Management Region.. government. Department of Conservation and Land Management, South Coast Region, Western Australia, 2009.
RBGV_20231420VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
ABRS_20231016Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
SAH_20231015S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Shedley_2007510E. F. Shedley. Fire and Biodiversity Guidelines for the Avon Basin: Consultant Report to the Avon Catchment Council and the Department of Environment and Conservation, August 2007. Tech. rep. Department of Environment and Conservation, Western Australia, 2007.
Groom_199799P. K. Groom and B. B. Lamont. “Fruit-seed relations in Hakea: serotinous species invest more dry matter in predispersal seed protection”. Austral Ecology 22.3 (1997), pp. 352-355. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.1997.tb00682.x.
Hanley_200277M. E. Hanley and B. B. Lamont. “Relationships between physical and chemical attributes of congeneric seedlings: how important is seedling defence?”. Functional Ecology 16.2 (2002), pp. 216-222. ISSN: 1365-2435. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2435.2002.00612.x.
Standish_201977R. Standish. “Unpublished data: Jarrah forest, Murdoch University”. 2019.
Gosper_201266C. R. Gosper, C. J. Yates, and S. M. Prober. “Changes in plant species and functional composition with time since fire in two mediterranean climate plant communities”. Journal of Vegetation Science 23.6 (2012), pp. 1071-1081. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01434.x.
Jordan_202066G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, B. R. Holland, N. J. Beeton, M. D. Woodhams, and T. J. Brodribb. “Links between environment and stomatal size through evolutionary time in Proteaceae”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287.1919 (2020), p. 20192876. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2876.
Lamont_200266B. B. Lamont, P. K. Groom, and R. M. Cowling. “High leaf mass per area of related species assemblages may reflect low rainfall and carbon isotope discrimination rather than low phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations”. Functional Ecology 16 (2002), pp. 403-412. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2435.2002.00631.x.
Burrows_2008_255N. D. Burrows, G. Wardell-Johnson, and B. Ward. “Post-fire juvenile period of plants in south-west Australia forests and implications for fire management”. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 91 (2008), pp. 163-174. ISSN: 0035922X. url: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/19156 (visited on 03/27/2025).
Burrows_202055N. Burrows. Data from 'Plant Ecological Attributes' theme, NatureMap, DBCA, WA. 2020.
Chen_201755Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
SAH_201435J. P. Jessop and H. R. Toelken. Flora of South Australia, 4th edition, 4 vols. Electronic version curated by J. Kellermann, State Herbarium of South Australia.. Government Printer, Adelaide, 1986.
Staples_201915T. Staples, J. M. Dwyer, J. R. England, and M. M. Mayfield. “Productivity does not correlate with species and functional diversity in Australian reforestation plantings across a wide climate gradient”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 28.10 (2019), pp. 1417-1429. doi: 10.1111/geb.12962.
Wright_200055I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.
ABRS_198144B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
ABRS_202244Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Kew_2019_114Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
RBGV_202244VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Sweedman_200624L. Sweedman and D. Merritt. Australian Seeds: A Guide to Their Collection, Identification, and Biology. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. ISBN: 9780643094079.
Clarke_201533P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
SAH_202233S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
WAH_2022_233Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Yang_202333S. Yang. “Unpublished data: Fire response traits scored from national and state floras and the taxonomic literature, University of New South Wales”. 2023.
ANBG_201912Australian National Botanic Gardens. The National Seed Bank. 2018. url: http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/living/seedbank/.
WAH_2023_212Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Collette_202111J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
WAH_199811Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.