AusTraits

Hakea leucoptera

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Proteaceae

Taxonomy: Hakea leucoptera R.Br.

Synonyms: 1 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Hakea leucocephala R.Br. ex D.Dietr. (doubtful taxonomic synonym)
Misapplied names: 1 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Hakea glabriflora Gand. (pro parte misapplied)

Distribution (APC): WA, NT, SA, Qld, NSW, Vic

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (2), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (13), ANBG_2019 (1), Bloomfield_2018 (75), Chen_2017 (4), Collette_2021 (1), Draper_2023 (3), Ilic_2000 (2), Jordan_2020 (6), Jurado_1991 (5), Jurado_1992 (3), Kew_2019_1 (3), Kew_2019_5 (1), Kew_2019_6 (2), Leishman_1992 (7), McGlone_2015 (6), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (5), NHNSW_2022 (4), NHNSW_2023 (15), NSWFRD_2014 (4), NTH_2022 (3), NTH_2023 (9), Pate_1998 (6), SAH_2014 (4), SAH_2022 (3), SAH_2023 (12), Schulze_1998 (8), Sjostrom_2006 (4), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (17), Yang_2023 (3). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 81 traits from 244 records in 37 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): white_cream (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 24.5 mm (17-32 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 15 mm (10-20 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): follicle (4) [sources: Chen_2017; NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (5) [sources: Chen_2017; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 80 mm2 (80-80 mm2) [sources: Jurado_1991; Leishman_1992]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 71 mm (20-100 mm) [sources: McGlone_2015; ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; SAH_2014]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 1.71 mm (1.2-2 mm) [sources: McGlone_2015; ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; SAH_2014]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 939.58 g/m2 (352.74-1470.59 g/m2) [sources: Bloomfield_2018; Schulze_1998]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.47 g/g (0.42-0.5 g/g) [sources: Bloomfield_2018]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): linear (1); terete (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; Jordan_2020; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: ABRS_1981; McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; NTH_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (3) [sources: Munroe_2019; Pate_1998; White_2020]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (10); tree (8) [sources: ABRS_2022; Jurado_1991; Leishman_1992; McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; NTH_2022; Pate_1998; SAH_2022; Schulze_1998; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (9) [sources: ABRS_2022; Jordan_2020; Leishman_1992; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; Pate_1998; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (6) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): bushy (1); open (1) [sources: NHNSW_2022]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; Schulze_1998]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (3) [sources: Pate_1998; Schulze_1998; White_2020]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (2); vertebrate (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (4) [sources: Draper_2023; Jurado_1991; Kew_2019_5; White_2020]
  • dispersers (categorical): wind (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnnnyy (1); ynnnnnnnyyyy (1); yynnnnnnnnyy (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; WAH_1998; White_2020]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): canopy_seedbank (2) [sources: NSWFRD_2014; Yang_2023]
  • serotiny (categorical): serotinous (1) [sources: Yang_2023]
  • seed_dormancy_class (categorical): non_dormant (1) [sources: Collette_2021]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • storage_organ (categorical): no_storage_organ (1) [sources: Leishman_1992]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 11.63 mg/g (5.34-20.8 mg/g) [sources: Bloomfield_2018; Schulze_1998]
  • leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.35 mg/g (0.24-0.4 mg/g) [sources: Bloomfield_2018]
  • leaf_delta13C (numerical): -25.83 {delta}[ppth] (-26.8--24.86 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Pate_1998; Schulze_1998]
physiology
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 16.82 mg (8.48-21.71 mg) [sources: ANBG_2019; Kew_2019_1; Leishman_1992]
  • seed_length (numerical): 21 mm (14-28 mm) [sources: SAH_2023]
  • seed_width (numerical): 9 mm (6-12 mm) [sources: SAH_2023]
  • seed_shape (categorical): winged (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.81 mg/mm3 (0.8-0.81 mg/mm3) [sources: Ilic_2000]
whole plant morphology
  • plant_height (numerical): 4.44 m (1-8 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; Leishman_1992; McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; SAH_2023; WAH_2023_2]
  • plant_physical_defence_structures (categorical): sharp_pointed_defence (1) [sources: White_2020]

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Bloomfield_20182475K. J. Bloomfield, L. A. Cernusak, D. Eamus, D. S. Ellsworth, I. C. Prentice, I. J. Wright, M. M. Boer, M. G. Bradford, P. Cale, J. Cleverly, J. J. G. Egerton, B. J. Evans, L. S. Hayes, M. F. Hutchinson, M. J. Liddell, C. Macfarlane, W. S. Meyer, S. M. Prober, H. F. Togashi, T. Wardlaw, L. Zhu, and O. K. Atkin. “A continental-scale assessment of variability in leaf traits: Within species, across sites and between seasons”. Functional Ecology 32.6 (2018), pp. 1492-1506. doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.13097.
White_20201717M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
NHNSW_20231015N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
ABRS_2023813Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
SAH_2023812S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
NTH_202379D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Schulze_199888E. -. Schulze, R. J. Williams, G. D. Farquhar, W. Schulze, J. Langridge, J. M. Miller, and B. H. Walker. “Carbon and nitrogen isotope discrimination and nitrogen nutrition of trees along a rainfall gradient in northern Australia”. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 25.4 (1998), pp. 413-425. doi: 10.1071/PP97113.
Leishman_199277M. R. Leishman and M. Westoby. “Classifying plants into groups on the basis of associations of individual traits-Evidence from Australian semi-arid woodlands”. Journal of Ecology 80 (1992), pp. 417-424. doi: 10.2307/2260687.
Jordan_202066G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, B. R. Holland, N. J. Beeton, M. D. Woodhams, and T. J. Brodribb. “Links between environment and stomatal size through evolutionary time in Proteaceae”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287.1919 (2020), p. 20192876. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2876.
McGlone_201566M. S. McGlone, S. J. Richardson, G. J. Jordan, and G. L. Perry. “Is there a `suboptimal' woody species height? A response to Scheffer et al.”. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 30.1 (2015), pp. 4-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2014.09.007.
Pate_199866J. S. Pate, M. J. Unkovich, P. D. Erskine, and G. R. Stewart. “Australian mulga ecosystems- 13C and 15N natural abundances of biota components and their ecophysiological significance”. Plant, Cell and Environment 21.12 (1998), pp. 1231-1242. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00359.x.
Jurado_199155E. Jurado. “Diaspore weight, dispersal, growth form and perenniality of central Australian plants”. Journal of Ecology 79 (1991), pp. 811-828.
NHNSW_2014_255Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Chen_201744Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
NHNSW_202244N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NSWFRD_201444B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
SAH_201424J. P. Jessop and H. R. Toelken. Flora of South Australia, 4th edition, 4 vols. Electronic version curated by J. Kellermann, State Herbarium of South Australia.. Government Printer, Adelaide, 1986.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
ABRS_202233Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Draper_202333J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
Jurado_199213E. Jurado and M. Westoby. “Germination biology of selected central Australian plants”. Austral Ecology 17.3 (1992), pp. 341-348. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.1992.tb00816.x.
Kew_2019_113Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
NTH_202233D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
SAH_202233S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
WAH_2022_233Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Yang_202333S. Yang. “Unpublished data: Fire response traits scored from national and state floras and the taxonomic literature, University of New South Wales”. 2023.
ABRS_198122B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Ilic_200012J. Ilic, D. Boland, M. McDonald, D. G, and P. Blakemore. Woody density phase 1 - State of knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System. Technical Report 18. Tech. rep. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia, 2000.
Kew_2019_612Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
WAH_2023_212Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
ANBG_201911Australian National Botanic Gardens. The National Seed Bank. 2018. url: http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/living/seedbank/.
Collette_202111J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
Kew_2019_511Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed dispersal data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
WAH_199811Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.