AusTraits

Hakea varia

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Proteaceae

Taxonomy: Hakea varia R.Br.

Synonyms: 2 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Hakea attenuata R.Br. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Hakea heterophylla Hook. (taxonomic synonym)
Misapplied names: 1 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Hakea lasiocarpha R.Br. (pro parte misapplied)

Distribution (APC): WA

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (3), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (17), Barrett_2009 (3), Burrows_2008_2 (5), Burrows_2020 (5), Chen_2017 (5), Clarke_2015 (2), Collette_2021 (1), Groom_1997 (9), Jordan_2020 (3), Kew_2019_1 (1), Lamont_2002 (6), Pate_1990 (4), Pekin_2011 (5), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Standish_2019 (6), Sweedman_2006 (4), Tsakalos_2020 (19), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (4), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wheeler_2002 (10). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 57 traits from 125 records in 25 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (3); resprouts (6) [sources: Barrett_2009; Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Clarke_2015; Groom_1997; Pate_1990; Pekin_2011; Standish_2019; Tsakalos_2020]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (2) [sources: Clarke_2015; Pate_1990]
  • fire_time_from_fire_to_flowering (numerical): 24 mo (24-24 mo) [sources: Burrows_2020]
flower morphology
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_dry_mass (numerical): 428.8 mg (428.8-428.8 mg) [sources: Groom_1997]
  • fruit_length (numerical): 18 mm (16-20 mm) [sources: Groom_1997; ABRS_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 8.65 mm (7-10 mm) [sources: Groom_1997; ABRS_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): follicle (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (3) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006; Tsakalos_2020]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 34.6 mm2 (34.6-34.6 mm2) [sources: Lamont_2002]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 26.25 mm (10-40 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Wheeler_2002]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 4.5 mm (1-10 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Wheeler_2002]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 421.94 g/m2 (421.94-421.94 g/m2) [sources: Lamont_2002]
  • leaf_type (categorical): broadleaf (1); needle (1) [sources: Lamont_2002]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (1); obovate (1); strap-shaped (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; Wheeler_2002]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (2); toothed (1); toothed_dentate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; Tsakalos_2020]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): lobed_deep (1); unlobed (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020; Wheeler_2002]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: ABRS_1981; Tsakalos_2020; Wheeler_2002]
  • leaf_lamina_posture (categorical): flat (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
  • leaf_glaucousness (categorical): glaucous (2); not_glaucous (2) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
  • leaf_hairs_adult_leaves (categorical): glabrous (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; Tsakalos_2020]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (6); tree (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; Barrett_2009; Standish_2019; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; Wheeler_2002]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (10) [sources: ABRS_2022; Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Jordan_2020; Pekin_2011; Standish_2019; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023; Wheeler_2002]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): erect (2); prostrate (1); spreading (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020; WAH_2022_2]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (1) [sources: ABRS_1981]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (2) [sources: Pekin_2011; Standish_2019]
  • root_structure (categorical): proteoid_root (2) [sources: Pekin_2011; Standish_2019]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (1) [sources: Groom_1997]
  • reproductive_maturity (numerical): 2 a (2-2 a) [sources: Burrows_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnyyyyyn (3); nnnnyyyyyynn (1) [sources: ABRS_1981; Chen_2017; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_1998]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): canopy_seedbank (3) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Standish_2019]
  • serotiny (categorical): serotiny_moderate (1) [sources: Groom_1997]
  • seed_dormancy_class (categorical): non_dormant (1) [sources: Collette_2021]
  • storage_organ (categorical): lignotuber (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_buds (2); basal_stem_buds (1); none (1) [sources: Barrett_2009; Burrows_2008_2; Groom_1997; Pekin_2011]
nutrient and stable isotope
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 9.4 mg (9.4-9.4 mg) [sources: Groom_1997; Kew_2019_1]
  • seed_length (numerical): 12.5 mm (11-14 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • seed_shape (categorical): ellipsoid (1); winged (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Tsakalos_20201819J. L. Tsakalos, M. Renton, F. Riviera, E. J. Veneklaas, M. P. Dobrowolski, and L. Mucina. “Trait-based formal definition of plant functional types and functional communities in the multi-species and multi-traits context”. Ecological Complexity 40 (2019), p. 100787. doi: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2019.100787.
ABRS_20231117Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Wheeler_2002810J. R. Wheeler, N. G. Marchant, and M. Lewington. Flora of the south west: Bunbury, Augusta, Denmark. Australian Biological Resources Study ; University of Western Australia Press, 2002. ISBN: 9780642568168.
Groom_199799P. K. Groom and B. B. Lamont. “Fruit-seed relations in Hakea: serotinous species invest more dry matter in predispersal seed protection”. Austral Ecology 22.3 (1997), pp. 352-355. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.1997.tb00682.x.
Lamont_200266B. B. Lamont, P. K. Groom, and R. M. Cowling. “High leaf mass per area of related species assemblages may reflect low rainfall and carbon isotope discrimination rather than low phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations”. Functional Ecology 16 (2002), pp. 403-412. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2435.2002.00631.x.
Standish_201966R. Standish. “Unpublished data: Jarrah forest, Murdoch University”. 2019.
Burrows_2008_255N. D. Burrows, G. Wardell-Johnson, and B. Ward. “Post-fire juvenile period of plants in south-west Australia forests and implications for fire management”. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 91 (2008), pp. 163-174. ISSN: 0035922X. url: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/19156 (visited on 03/27/2025).
Burrows_202055N. Burrows. Data from 'Plant Ecological Attributes' theme, NatureMap, DBCA, WA. 2020.
Chen_201755Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
Pekin_201155B. K. Pekin, R. S. Wittkuhn, M. M. Boer, C. Macfarlane, and P. F. Grierson. “Plant functional traits along environmental gradients in seasonally dry and fire-prone ecosystem”. Journal of Vegetation Science 22 (2011), pp. 1009-1020. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01323.x.
Pate_199044J. S. Pate, R. H. Froend, B. J. Bowen, A. Hansen, and J. Kuo. “Seedling growth and storage characteristics of seeder and resprouter species of Mediterranean-type ecosystems of SW Australia”. Annals of Botany 65.6 (1990), pp. 585-601. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087976.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Sweedman_200624L. Sweedman and D. Merritt. Australian Seeds: A Guide to Their Collection, Identification, and Biology. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. ISBN: 9780643094079.
WAH_2022_244Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
ABRS_198133B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
ABRS_202233Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Barrett_200933S. Barrett, S. Comer, N. McQuoid, M. Porter, C. Tiller, and D. Utber. Identification and Conservation of Fire Sensitive Ecosystems and Species of the South Coast Natural Resource Management Region.. government. Department of Conservation and Land Management, South Coast Region, Western Australia, 2009.
Jordan_202033G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, B. R. Holland, N. J. Beeton, M. D. Woodhams, and T. J. Brodribb. “Links between environment and stomatal size through evolutionary time in Proteaceae”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287.1919 (2020), p. 20192876. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2876.
Clarke_201522P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
WAH_2023_212Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Collette_202111J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
Kew_2019_111Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
WAH_199811Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.