Hibiscus sturtii

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Family Malvaceae

Taxonomy: Hibiscus sturtii Hook.

Synonyms: none listed in the APC 2026-07-30

Distribution (APC): WA, NT, SA, Qld, NSW

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, SA eFlora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: Clarke_2015 (3), Draper_2023 (3), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (2), NHNSW_2022 (2), NHNSW_2023 (11), NTH_2022 (3), NTH_2023 (9), RussellSmith_2012 (4), SAH_2022 (4), SAH_2023 (19), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Sweedman_2006 (3), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (20). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 44 traits from 97 records in 19 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (1); resprouts (2) [sources: Clarke_2015; RussellSmith_2012; White_2020]
post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (1) [sources: Clarke_2015]

flower morphology

flower_colour (categorical): blue_purple (1); pink (1); white_cream (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 9.5 mm (8-10 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
fruit_width (numerical): 9.5 mm (8-10 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
fruit_height (numerical): 9.5 mm (8-10 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
fruit_type (categorical): capsule (4) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (4) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]

leaf morphology

leaf_length (numerical): 31.75 mm (17-50 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
petiole_length (numerical): 1.1 cm (0.4-1.8 cm) [sources: SAH_2023]
leaf_shape (categorical): lanceolate (3); oblong (3); ovate (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; SAH_2023]
leaf_margin (categorical): toothed_crenate (1); toothed_dentate (1) [sources: SAH_2023]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; SAH_2023]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; SAH_2023]

life history

photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (2) [sources: Munroe_2019; White_2020]
plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (4); subshrub (3) [sources: NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
life_history (categorical): perennial (4) [sources: NTH_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (3) [sources: SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): decumbent (1); dense (1); erect (1); prostrate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; SAH_2022]
nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: White_2020]
parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
pollination_syndrome (categorical): bird (1); insect (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (1); hydrochory (1); zoochory (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
dispersers (categorical): invertebrates (1); water (1); wind (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
flowering_time (categorical): yynnnnnnyyyy (1); yyyyyyyyyyyy (1) [sources: WAH_1998; White_2020]
seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (2) [sources: RussellSmith_2012; White_2020]
vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1) [sources: White_2020]
bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_stem_buds (1) [sources: Clarke_2015]

seed morphology

seed_shape (categorical): reniform (1) [sources: SAH_2023]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 0.75 m (0.15-3 m) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023; SAH_2023; WAH_2023_2]
plant_physical_defence_structures (categorical): absent (1) [sources: White_2020]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
White_2020	20	20	M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
SAH_2023	14	19	S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
NHNSW_2023	10	11	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NTH_2023	6	9	D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
RussellSmith_2012	4	4	J. Russell-Smith, M. R. Gardener, C. Brock, K. Brennan, C. P. Yates, and B. Grace. “Fire persistence traits can be used to predict vegetation response to changing fire regimes at expansive landscape scales - an Australian example”. Journal of Biogeography 39 (2012), pp. 1657-1668. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02714.x.
SAH_2022	4	4	S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Sjostrom_2006	4	4	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Clarke_2015	3	3	P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Draper_2023	3	3	J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
NTH_2022	3	3	D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Sweedman_2006	1	3	L. Sweedman and D. Merritt. Australian Seeds: A Guide to Their Collection, Identification, and Biology. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. ISBN: 9780643094079.
WAH_2022_2	3	3	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
NHNSW_2014_2	2	2	Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NHNSW_2022	2	2	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
WAH_2023_2	1	2	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Munroe_2019	1	1	S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
WAH_1998	1	1	Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.