AusTraits

Hybanthus monopetalus

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Family Violaceae

Taxonomy: Hybanthus monopetalus (Schult.) Domin

Synonyms: 21 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Calceolaria filiformis (Ging.) Kuntze (taxonomic synonym)
  • Calceolaria monopetala (Schult.) Hochr. ex Britten (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Calceolaria tatei (Tate) Kuntze (taxonomic synonym)
  • Hybanthus filiformis (Ging.) F.Muell. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Hybanthus monopetalus (Schult.) Domin var. monopetalus (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Hybanthus monopetalus var. abbreviatus Domin (taxonomic synonym)
  • Hybanthus monopetalus var. normalis Domin (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Hybanthus tatei F.Muell. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Hybanthus tatei F.Muell. ex Tate (taxonomic synonym)
  • Hybanthus tatei Tate (taxonomic synonym)
  • Ionidium filiforme (Ging.) F.Muell. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Ionidium linaroides F.Muell. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Ionidium linearioides C.Presl (taxonomic synonym)
  • Ionidium monopetalum Schult. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Jonidium filiforme Domin (taxonomic synonym)
  • Jonidium linarioides Domin (taxonomic synonym)
  • Jonidium monopetalum Schult. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Pigea filiformis Ging. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Pigea monopetala (Schult.) Ging. ex DC. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Solea monopetala (Schult.) Spreng. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Viola monopetala Schult. (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): SA, Qld, NSW, Vic

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (12), ANBG_2019 (4), Draper_2023 (3), Hughes_1992 (3), Kew_2019_1 (1), Kubiak_2009 (6), Leishman_1993 (1), Leishman_1995 (7), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (4), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (11), NSWFRD_2014 (9), Pickup_2021 (5), RBGV_2022 (3), RBGV_2023 (10), SAH_2022 (3), SAH_2023 (12), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (20). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 50 traits from 128 records in 23 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): blue_purple (1); green (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 14.62 mm (3-60 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): capsule (5) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (2) [sources: RBGV_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 47 mm2 (47-47 mm2) [sources: Leishman_1995]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 47.5 mm (5-90 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 2.25 mm (0.5-4 mm) [sources: SAH_2023]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 99.3 g/m2 (99.3-99.3 g/m2) [sources: Leishman_1995]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): linear (4); narrowly_elliptical (3); oblong (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_margin_posture (categorical): revolute (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1); opposite (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2014_2; SAH_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (2) [sources: Munroe_2019; White_2020]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (9); shrub (1) [sources: ABRS_2022; Hughes_1992; Leishman_1995; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; Pickup_2021; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (2); self (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): barochory (1); myrmecochory (3); zoochory (1) [sources: Draper_2023; Leishman_1995; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
  • dispersers (categorical): ants (2); invertebrates (1); passive (1) [sources: Draper_2023; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnyyyy (1); ynnnnnnnyyyy (1); yynnnnnnnnny (2) [sources: Hughes_1992; NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): soil_seedbank (2) [sources: NSWFRD_2014; Pickup_2021]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (3) [sources: NSWFRD_2014; Pickup_2021; White_2020]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1) [sources: White_2020]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 1.17 mg (0.98-1.3 mg) [sources: ANBG_2019; Kew_2019_1; Leishman_1993; Leishman_1995]
  • seed_length (numerical): 1.74 mm (1.74-1.74 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019]
  • seed_width (numerical): 1.3 mm (1.3-1.3 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
White_20202020M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
ABRS_20231012Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
SAH_2023912S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
NHNSW_2023911N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
RBGV_2023810VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
NSWFRD_201499B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Leishman_199577M. R. Leishman, M. Westoby, and E. Jurado. “Correlates of seed size variation: A comparison among five temperate floras”. Journal of Ecology 83 (1995), pp. 517-529. doi: 10.2307/2261604.
Kubiak_200946P. J. Kubiak. “Fire responses of bushland plants after the January 1994 wildfires in northern Sydney”. Cunninghamia 11.1 (2009), pp. 131-165.
Pickup_202155M. Pickup and T. McDonald. Bushfire impacts — A national model for assessing local landscape restoration priorities. Project Phoenix Report. Greening Australia, 2021. url: https://www.greeningaustralia.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/1.02R2.pdf.
ANBG_201944Australian National Botanic Gardens. The National Seed Bank. 2018. url: http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/living/seedbank/.
NHNSW_2014_244Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
ABRS_202233Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Draper_202333J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
Hughes_199233L. Hughes and B. Rice. “Unpublished data: Traits data for 643 species, Macquarie University”. 1992.
NHNSW_202233N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
RBGV_202233VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_202233S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Kew_2019_111Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Leishman_199311M. Leishman. “Unpublished data: Seed mass data for Sydney species, Macquarie University”. 1990.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.