AusTraits

Hydrocotyle laxiflora

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Araliaceae

Taxonomy: Hydrocotyle laxiflora DC.

Synonyms: 3 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Hydrocotyle candollei F.Muell. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Hydrocotyle densiflora DC. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Hydrocotyle laxiflora DC. var. laxiflora (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): SA, Qld, NSW, ACT, Vic, Tas

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: Angevin_2011 (6), Carey_2003 (3), Cheal_2017 (5), Cross_2009 (3), Doherty_2021 (2), Draper_2023 (4), Jordan_2001 (6), Kew_2019_1 (1), Meers_2007 (11), Mokany_2008 (30), Morgan_2011_1 (5), NHNSW_2014_2 (7), NHNSW_2024 (19), NSWFRD_2014 (6), Pickup_2021 (9), RBGV_2022 (5), RBGV_2023 (13), SAH_2022 (5), SAH_2023 (9), Sjostrom_2006 (3), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (21), Williams_2005 (4), Williams_2011 (10), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (10). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 75 traits from 200 records in 26 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (1); partial_resprouting (3); resprouts (6) [sources: Carey_2003; Cheal_2017; Doherty_2021; Meers_2007; NSWFRD_2014; Pickup_2021; White_2020]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (4); post_fire_recruitment_absent (2) [sources: Carey_2003; Cheal_2017; NSWFRD_2014; Pickup_2021]
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): green (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • sex_type (categorical): dioecious (3); hermaphrodite (1); monoecious (1); unknown (1) [sources: Draper_2023; Jordan_2001; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 1.83 mm (1.5-2 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 2.15 mm (1.8-2.5 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): mericarp (4) [sources: NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (1) [sources: Jordan_2001]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 631.68 mm2 (224.32-1010.24 mm2) [sources: Angevin_2011; Meers_2007; Mokany_2008]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 24.83 mm (10-40 mm) [sources: Mokany_2008; NHNSW_2024]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 25.5 mm (8-50 mm) [sources: Mokany_2008; NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_dry_mass (numerical): 17.03 mg (10.9-21.9 mg) [sources: Mokany_2008]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 3.82 cm (0.1-13 cm) [sources: NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 46.18 g/m2 (41.98-62.21 g/m2) [sources: Angevin_2011; Cross_2009; Meers_2007; Mokany_2008]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.21 g/g (0.18-0.22 g/g) [sources: Angevin_2011; Mokany_2008]
  • leaf_type (categorical): broadleaf (1) [sources: NHNSW_2024]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): cordate (3); orbicular (3); reniform (3) [sources: NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_base_shape (categorical): cordate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2024]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1); toothed_crenate (3) [sources: NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): lobed (3); unlobed (1) [sources: NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_arrangement (categorical): scattered (1) [sources: NHNSW_2024]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (3) [sources: Mokany_2008; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (10) [sources: Angevin_2011; NSWFRD_2014; Pickup_2021; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • life_form (categorical): geophyte (1); hemicryptophyte (4) [sources: Meers_2007; Mokany_2008; Morgan_2011_1; Williams_2005; Williams_2011]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (7) [sources: Cross_2009; Jordan_2001; Morgan_2011_1; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2023; Williams_2005]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (3) [sources: RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): creeping (1); mat-forming (1); prostrate (1); rhizomatous (1) [sources: RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; White_2020]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (4) [sources: Meers_2007; Mokany_2008; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • root_structure (categorical): arbuscular_mycorrhizal (2) [sources: Meers_2007; Williams_2011]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • pollination_system (categorical): biotic_unspecialised (1) [sources: Williams_2011]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): barochory (3); undefined (2); zoochory (1) [sources: Angevin_2011; Draper_2023; Meers_2007; Morgan_2011_1; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • dispersers (categorical): invertebrates (1); passive (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnyyyy (1); yyyynnnnnyyy (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): soil_seedbank (1) [sources: Williams_2005]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): transient (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): vegetative (5) [sources: Meers_2007; Morgan_2011_1; NHNSW_2014_2; White_2020; Williams_2005]
  • clonal_spread_mechanism (categorical): rhizome (2) [sources: Meers_2007; Williams_2011]
  • storage_organ (categorical): rhizome (2) [sources: NHNSW_2024; SAH_2023]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_buds (1); bud-bearing_root (1); rhizome (1) [sources: Carey_2003; Doherty_2021; NSWFRD_2014]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 0.45 mg (0.24-0.57 mg) [sources: Angevin_2011; Kew_2019_1; Meers_2007]
  • seed_length (numerical): 3 mm (3-3 mm) [sources: Jordan_2001]
  • seed_width (numerical): 1 mm (1-1 mm) [sources: Jordan_2001]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Mokany_20081430K. Mokany and J. Ash. “Are traits measured on pot grown plants representative of those in natural communities?”. Journal of Vegetation Science 19 (2008), pp. 119-126. doi: 10.3170/2007-8-18340.
White_20202121M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
NHNSW_20241419N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on December, 2023.. 2024. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
RBGV_2023913VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
Meers_20071111T. Meers. “Role of plant functional traits in determining the response of vegetation to land use change on the Delatite Peninsula, Victoria.”. PhD. University of Melbourne, 2007.
Williams_20111010R. P. Duncan, S. E. Clemants, R. T. Corlett, A. K. Hahs, M. A. McCarthy, M. J. McDonnell, M. W. Schwartz, K. Thompson, P. A. Vesk, and N. S. G. Williams. “Plant traits and extinction in urban areas: a meta-analysis of 11 cities”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20.4 (2011), pp. 509-519. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00633.x.
eFLOWER_Dun_2022710L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
Pickup_202139M. Pickup and T. McDonald. Bushfire impacts — A national model for assessing local landscape restoration priorities. Project Phoenix Report. Greening Australia, 2021. url: https://www.greeningaustralia.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/1.02R2.pdf.
SAH_202389S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
NHNSW_2014_277Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Angevin_201166T. Angevin. “Species richness and functional trait diversity response to land use in a temperate eucalypt woodland community”. Honours. La Trobe University, 2011.
Jordan_200166G. J. Jordan. “An investigation of long-distance dispersal based on species native to both Tasmania and New Zealand”. Australian Journal of Botany 49.3 (2001), pp. 333-340. doi: 10.1071/bt00024.
NSWFRD_201466B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Cheal_201755D. Cheal. Growth stages and tolerable fire intervals for Victoria's native vegetation data sets. Fire and adaptive management, report no. 84. Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, 2010.
Morgan_2011_155J. Morgan. “Unpublished data: Grassy woodland traits, La Trobe University”. 2011.
RBGV_202255VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_202255S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Draper_202344J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
Williams_200544N. S. G. Williams, J. W. Morgan, M. J. McDonnell, and M. A. McCarthy. “Plant traits and local extinctions in natural grasslands along an urban-rural gradient”. Journal of Ecology 93.6 (2005), pp. 1203-1213. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2005.01039.x.
Carey_200333A. C. &. M. E. &. P. H. &. M. L. &. T. M. &. P. O. &. S. S. &. D. S. &. N. Webb. Wildfires in the ACT 2003: Report on Initial Impacts on Natural Ecosystems. Technical Report No. 17. Environment ACT, 2003. url: https://www.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/2539593/17-wildfires-in-the-act-report-on-initial-impacts-on-natural-ecosystems-2003.pdf.
Cross_200933E. Cross. “The characteristics of natives and invaders: A trait-based investigation into the theory of limiting similarity.”. Honours. La Trobe University, 2009.
Sjostrom_200633A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Doherty_202122M. Doherty. “Fire Severity and Plant Community Dynamics in the Australian Alps, Southeastern New South Wales”. PhD. Australian National University, 2021. url: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/224564.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Kew_2019_111Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.