Macrozamia spiralis

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Family Zamiaceae

Taxonomy: Macrozamia spiralis (Salisb.) Miq.

Synonyms: 9 (APC 2026-07-30)

Encephalartos spiralis (Salisb.) Lehm. (nomenclatural synonym)
Encephalartos spiralis (Salisb.) Lehm. var. spiralis (nomenclatural synonym)
Macrozamia corallipes Hook.f. (taxonomic synonym)
Macrozamia corallipes Hook.f. var. corallipes (taxonomic synonym)
Macrozamia spiralis (Salisb.) Miq. var. spiralis (nomenclatural synonym)
Macrozamia spiralis var. corallipes (Hook.f.) Benth. (taxonomic synonym)
Macrozamia tridentata f. dielsii J.Schust. (taxonomic synonym)
Macrozamia tridentata var. corallipes (Hook.f.) J.Schust. (taxonomic synonym)
Zamia spiralis Salisb. (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): NSW

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_2022 (1), ABRS_2023 (15), Chen_2017 (1), Clarke_2015 (3), NHNSW_2014_2 (1), NHNSW_2022 (1), NHNSW_2023 (22), NSWFRD_2014 (6), Niinemets_2009 (51), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (19), Wright_2009 (26). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 82 traits from 149 records in 13 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): resprouts (3) [sources: Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment_absent (1) [sources: Clarke_2015]

flower morphology

flower_colour (categorical): yellow_orange (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
sex_type (categorical): dioecious (1) [sources: NHNSW_2022]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 160 mm (120-200 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
fruit_width (numerical): 80 mm (70-90 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
fruit_type (categorical): strobilus (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]

leaf morphology

leaf_area (numerical): 709.5 mm2 (537-882 mm2) [sources: Niinemets_2009]
leaf_length (numerical): 577.5 mm (120-1000 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
leaf_width (numerical): 7.5 mm (5-10 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
petiole_length (numerical): 27.5 cm (15-40 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 250.16 g/m2 (243.9-256.41 g/m2) [sources: Niinemets_2009]
leaf_margin_posture (categorical): flat (1); revolute (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): compound (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
leaf_glaucousness (categorical): glaucous (1); not_glaucous (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]

life history

photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1); cam (1) [sources: White_2020]
plant_growth_form (categorical): basal_large (1); shrub (1) [sources: NSWFRD_2014; Wenk_2022]
life_history (categorical): perennial (1) [sources: Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): semi_woody (1) [sources: Wenk_2022]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): rosette (1) [sources: ABRS_2022]
nitrogen_fixing (categorical): nitrogen_fixer (1); non_nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: Niinemets_2009; White_2020]
parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
pollination_syndrome (categorical): abiotic (1); insect (1) [sources: White_2020]
dispersal_syndrome (categorical): barochory (1); epizoochory (1) [sources: White_2020]
dispersers (categorical): birds (1); mammals (1) [sources: White_2020]
flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnyyynnnn (1) [sources: White_2020]
seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): transient (2) [sources: NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1) [sources: White_2020]
bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_buds (1); epicormic_buds (1) [sources: Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014]

nutrient and stable isotope

leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 15.75 mg/g (13.7-17.8 mg/g) [sources: Niinemets_2009]
leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.66 mg/g (0.62-0.71 mg/g) [sources: Niinemets_2009]
leaf_delta13C (numerical): -25.88 {delta}[ppth] (-26.04--25.72 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Niinemets_2009]

physiology

leaf_photosynthetic_rate_per_area_maximum (numerical): 6.83 umol{CO2}/m2/s (6.43-7.23 umol{CO2}/m2/s) [sources: Niinemets_2009]
leaf_photosynthetic_rate_per_dry_mass_maximum (numerical): 0.03 umol{CO2}/g/s (0.02-0.03 umol{CO2}/g/s) [sources: Niinemets_2009]

seed morphology

seed_length (numerical): 27.5 mm (25-30 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
seed_width (numerical): 22.5 mm (20-25 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
seed_shape (categorical): ovoid (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]

whole plant morphology

plant_physical_defence_structures (categorical): sharp_pointed_defence (1) [sources: White_2020]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
Niinemets_2009	27	51	Ü. Niinemets, I. J. Wright, and J. R. Evans. “Leaf mesophyll diffusion conductance in 35 Australian sclerophylls covering a broad range of foliage structural and physiological variation”. Journal of Experimental Botany 60 (2009), pp. 2433-2449. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erp045.
Wright_2009	13	26	I. J. Wright. “Unpublished data: Leaf pigment and reflectance data for sclerophylls, Macquarie University”. 2009.
NHNSW_2023	12	22	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
White_2020	19	19	M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
ABRS_2023	10	15	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
NSWFRD_2014	6	6	B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Clarke_2015	3	3	P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
ABRS_2022	1	1	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Chen_2017	1	1	Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
NHNSW_2014_2	1	1	Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NHNSW_2022	1	1	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.