AusTraits

Mallotus philippensis

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Euphorbiaceae

Taxonomy: Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Müll.Arg.

Synonyms: 7 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Croton philippense Lam. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Croton philippensis Lam. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Croton philippinensis Domin (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Echinus philippensis (Lam.) Baill. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Echinus philippinensis Baill. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Mallotus philippinensis Müll.Arg. (orthographic variant)
  • Rottlera tinctoria Roxb. (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): NT, Qld, NSW

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ANBG_2019 (4), ATRP_2020 (1), Baker_2019 (2), Benwell_2024 (4), Brock_1993 (12), Butler_2004 (4), Clarke_2015 (3), Cooper_2013 (15), Crowley_2007 (2), Gross_2005 (4), Grubb_1996 (2), Ilic_2000 (1), Kew_2019_1 (4), Kew_2019_2 (2), Kew_2019_4 (3), Kooyman_2011 (12), Lawes_2012 (10), Lusk_2014 (3), NHNSW_2014_2 (1), NHNSW_2022 (4), NHNSW_2023 (17), NSWFRD_2014 (8), NTH_2014 (4), NTH_2022 (3), NTH_2023 (22), Nano_2011 (2), Pickup_2021 (5), RadfordSmith_2024 (36), RussellSmith_2012 (4), Sams_2017 (9), Sendall_2016 (60), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Stewart_1995 (6), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wright_2000 (5), Zanne_2009 (1). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 71 traits from 282 records in 37 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): partial_resprouting (3); resprouts (5) [sources: Baker_2019; Benwell_2024; Clarke_2015; Crowley_2007; NSWFRD_2014; Nano_2011; Pickup_2021; RussellSmith_2012]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (3) [sources: Benwell_2024; Clarke_2015; Pickup_2021]
flower morphology
  • sex_type (categorical): dioecious (3) [sources: Gross_2005; NHNSW_2022; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 5.75 mm (4-8 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013; NTH_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 7.67 mm (5-12 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • fruit_height (numerical): 7.25 mm (6-9 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): capsule (6) [sources: Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; NHNSW_2023; RadfordSmith_2024; Sams_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (4) [sources: Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; Sams_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (5) [sources: Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; NTH_2023; Sams_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_colour (categorical): black (1); red (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 2652.44 mm2 (2125.33-3919.39 mm2) [sources: RadfordSmith_2024]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 88.75 mm (15-210 mm) [sources: Brock_1993; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 47 mm (8-100 mm) [sources: Brock_1993; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_dry_mass (numerical): 241.36 mg (197.38-313.98 mg) [sources: RadfordSmith_2024]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 3.9 cm (1.1-7.5 cm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 68.17 g/m2 (25.72-103.89 g/m2) [sources: Lusk_2014; RadfordSmith_2024; Sams_2017; Sendall_2016]
  • leaf_area_ratio (numerical): 6.85 mm2/mg (6.85-6.85 mm2/mg) [sources: Lusk_2014]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.47 g/g (0.45-0.5 g/g) [sources: RadfordSmith_2024]
  • leaf_type (categorical): broadleaf (1) [sources: Stewart_1995]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (1); lanceolate (1); oblong (1); ovate (2); widely_elliptical (1) [sources: Brock_1993; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_base_shape (categorical): cuneate (1); rounded (1) [sources: NTH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): unlobed (1) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (4) [sources: Brock_1993; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2014_2; NTH_2014]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: Stewart_1995]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (1); tree (12) [sources: ATRP_2020; Brock_1993; Butler_2004; Cooper_2013; Grubb_1996; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; NTH_2022; Pickup_2021; Stewart_1995; Wenk_2022]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (4) [sources: Brock_1993; NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (3) [sources: NHNSW_2022; NTH_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): deciduous (1); evergreen (4) [sources: Brock_1993; Kooyman_2011; NTH_2014; RadfordSmith_2024; Stewart_1995]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: Stewart_1995]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): endozoochory (1); zoochory (2) [sources: Butler_2004; NSWFRD_2014; RadfordSmith_2024]
  • dispersers (categorical): animals (1); birds (2); flying_vertebrates (1) [sources: Butler_2004; Cooper_2013; NSWFRD_2014; Sams_2017]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnnyyy (1); yyyyyynnnnnn (1); yyyyyyyyyyyn (1) [sources: Brock_1993; Cooper_2013; NTH_2014]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): none (1); soil_seedbank (1) [sources: Benwell_2024; Pickup_2021]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (1); transient (2) [sources: NSWFRD_2014; Pickup_2021; RussellSmith_2012]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_buds (2); basal_stem_buds (3); bud-bearing_root (1); epicormic_buds (2) [sources: Baker_2019; Clarke_2015; Crowley_2007; NSWFRD_2014; Nano_2011]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 23.71 mg/g (17.65-26.59 mg/g) [sources: Sendall_2016]
  • leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 1.57 mg/g (1.21-2 mg/g) [sources: Sendall_2016]
  • leaf_delta13C (numerical): -26.51 {delta}[ppth] (-26.51--26.51 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Stewart_1995]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 20.97 mg (15-39.6 mg) [sources: Grubb_1996; Kew_2019_1]
  • seed_length (numerical): 3.37 mm (2.11-5 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011]
  • seed_width (numerical): 2.88 mm (2-4 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019; Butler_2004; Kooyman_2011; NTH_2023]
  • seed_shape (categorical): globoid (2) [sources: ANBG_2019; NTH_2023]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.61 mg/mm3 (0.56-0.65 mg/mm3) [sources: Ilic_2000; Kooyman_2011; Sams_2017; Zanne_2009]
whole plant morphology
  • plant_height (numerical): 17.5 m (5-25 m) [sources: Brock_1993; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2023; NTH_2023]

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Sendall_2016560K. M. Sendall, C. H. Lusk, and P. B. Reich. “Trade-offs in juvenile growth potential vs. shade tolerance among subtropical rain forest trees on soils of contrasting fertility”. Functional Ecology 30.6 (2015), pp. 845-855. doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.12573.
RadfordSmith_20241336J. Radford-Smith, H. R. Lai, E. C. Weeren, and J. M. Dwyer. “A Functional Basis for the Assembly of Australian Subtropical Rainforest Tree Communities”. Ecology Letters 27.11 (2024). ISSN: 1461-0248. doi: 10.1111/ele.70014.
NTH_20231822D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
NHNSW_20231217N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Cooper_20131215W. Cooper and W. T. Cooper. Australian rainforest fruits. CSIRO Publishing, 2013, p. 272.
Brock_1993912J. Brock and A. Dunlop. Native plants of northern Australia. Reed New Holland, 1993. ISBN: 9781877069246.
Kooyman_20111012R. Kooyman, M. Rossetto, W. Cornwell, and M. Westoby. “Phylogenetic tests of community assembly across regional to continental scales in tropical and subtropical rain forests”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20 (2011), pp. 707-716. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00641.x.
Lawes_2012110M. J. Lawes, J. J. Midgley, and P. J. Clarke. “Costs and benefits of relative bark thickness in relation to fire damage: A savanna/forest contrast”. Journal of Ecology 101 (2012), pp. 517-524. doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.12035.
Sams_201789M. A. Sams, H. R. Lai, S. P. Bonser, P. A. Vesk, R. M. Kooyman, D. J. Metcalfe, J. W. Morgan, and M. M. Mayfield. “Landscape context explains changes in the functional diversity of regenerating forests better than climate or species richness”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 26.10 (2017), pp. 1165-1176. doi: 10.1111/geb.12627.
NSWFRD_201488B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Stewart_199566G. Stewart, M. Turnbull, S. Schmidt, and P. Erskine. “13C natural abundance in plant communities along a rainfall gradient: a biological integrator of water availability”. Functional Plant Biology 22.1 (1995), pp. 51-55. doi: 10.1071/pp9950051.
Pickup_202155M. Pickup and T. McDonald. Bushfire impacts — A national model for assessing local landscape restoration priorities. Project Phoenix Report. Greening Australia, 2021. url: https://www.greeningaustralia.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/1.02R2.pdf.
Wright_200055I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.
ANBG_201944Australian National Botanic Gardens. The National Seed Bank. 2018. url: http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/living/seedbank/.
Benwell_202444A. Benwell. “Fire responses of flora in a sclerophyll-rainforest vegetation complex in the Nightcap Range, North Coast, New South Wales”. Australian Journal of Botany 72.1 (2024). Ed. by D. Williams. ISSN: 1444-9862. doi: 10.1071/bt23049.
Butler_200444D. W. Butler, R. J. Green, D. Lamb, W. J. F. Mcdonald, and P. I. Forster. “Biogeography of seed-dispersal syndromes, life-forms and seed sizes among woody rain-forest plants in Australia's subtropics”. Journal of Biogeography 34.10 (2007), pp. 1736-1750. ISSN: 1365-2699. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01734.x.
Gross_200544C. L. Gross. “A comparison of the sexual systems in the trees from the Australian tropics with other tropical biomes-more monoecy but why?”. American Journal of Botany 92.6 (2005), pp. 907-919. doi: 10.3732/ajb.92.6.907.
Kew_2019_114Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
NHNSW_202244N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NTH_201444Northern Territory Herbarium. Flora of the Darwin Region Online. 2014. url: http://www.lrm.nt.gov.au/plants-and-animals/herbarium/darwin_flora_online.
RussellSmith_201244J. Russell-Smith, M. R. Gardener, C. Brock, K. Brennan, C. P. Yates, and B. Grace. “Fire persistence traits can be used to predict vegetation response to changing fire regimes at expansive landscape scales - an Australian example”. Journal of Biogeography 39 (2012), pp. 1657-1668. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02714.x.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Clarke_201533P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Kew_2019_413Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Oil content data from Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Lusk_201433C. H. Lusk, K. M. Sendall, and P. J. Clarke. “Seedling growth rates and light requirements of subtropical rainforest trees associated with basaltic and rhyolitic soils”. Australian Journal of Botany 62.1 (2014), pp. 48-55. doi: 10.1071/bt13262.
NTH_202233D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Baker_201922A. Baker. “Unpublished data: Post-fire fire-response surveys on the NSW north coast, Southern Cross University”. 2019.
Crowley_200722G. Crowley, M. Gardener, and M. Marrinan. Tropical savannas fire response database. 2007. url: [www.landmanager.org.au](www.landmanager.org.au).
Grubb_199622P. J. Grubb and D. J. Metcalfe. “Adaptation and inertia in the Australian tropical lowland rain-forest flora: Contradictory trends in intergeneric and intrageneric comparisons of seed size in relation to light demand”. Functional Ecology 10 (1996), pp. 512-520. doi: 10.2307/2389944.
Kew_2019_212Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Nano_201122C. E. M. Nano and P. J. Clarke. “How do drought and fire influence the patterns of resprouting in Australian deserts?”. Plant Ecology 212 (2011), pp. 2095-2110. doi: 10.1007/s11258-011-9988-x.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
ATRP_202011F. A. Zich, B. P. Hyland, T. Whiffin, and R. A. Kerrigan. Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants, Edition 8. 2020. url: https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/intro/index.html.
Ilic_200011J. Ilic, D. Boland, M. McDonald, D. G, and P. Blakemore. Woody density phase 1 - State of knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System. Technical Report 18. Tech. rep. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia, 2000.
NHNSW_2014_211Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.
Zanne_200911A. E. Zanne, G. Lopez-Gonzalez, D. A. Coomes, J. Ilic, S. Jansen, S. L. Lewis, R. B. Miller, N. G. Swenson, M. C. Wiemann, and J. Chave. “Data from: Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum”. Dryad Digital Repository (2009). doi: 10.5061/dryad.234.