AusTraits

Modiola caroliniana

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Malvaceae

Taxonomy: Modiola caroliniana (L.) G.Don

Synonyms: 2 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Malva caroliniana L. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Modiola multifida Moench (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA (naturalised), SA (naturalised), Qld (naturalised), NSW (naturalised), LHI (naturalised), NI (naturalised), ACT (naturalised), Vic (naturalised), Tas (naturalised)

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: Britton_1994 (2), Carey_2003 (3), Cheal_2017 (4), Doherty_2021 (2), Kubiak_2009 (6), Mesaglio_2022 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (4), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (17), NSWFRD_2014 (2), RBGV_2022 (3), RBGV_2023 (15), SAH_2014 (1), SAH_2022 (3), SAH_2023 (6), WAH_2022_2 (4), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 36 traits from 79 records in 18 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (3); resprouts (2) [sources: Carey_2003; Cheal_2017; Doherty_2021; Kubiak_2009; NSWFRD_2014]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (1) [sources: Carey_2003]
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): yellow_orange (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 4 mm (4-4 mm) [sources: RBGV_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 8 mm (7-9 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • fruit_height (numerical): 8 mm (7-9 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): capsule (1); mericarp (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_length (numerical): 42.5 mm (30-50 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 37.5 mm (20-50 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 4.5 cm (2-7 cm) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): orbicular (2); ovate (2); widely_ovate (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_base_shape (categorical): cordate (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): toothed (2); toothed_crenate (1); toothed_dentate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): lobed (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (6) [sources: NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • life_history (categorical): annual (2); perennial (4); short_lived_perennial (1) [sources: NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (5) [sources: NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): decumbent (1); prostrate (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; WAH_2022_2]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnynnn (1) [sources: Mesaglio_2022]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): vegetative (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): bud-bearing_root (1); none (1) [sources: Carey_2003; Doherty_2021]
seed morphology
  • seed_length (numerical): 1.5 mm (1.5-1.5 mm) [sources: RBGV_2023]
  • seed_shape (categorical): reniform (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
whole plant morphology
  • plant_height (numerical): 0.25 m (0.25-0.25 m) [sources: SAH_2014]

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
NHNSW_20231217N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
RBGV_20231315VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
Kubiak_200956P. J. Kubiak. “Fire responses of bushland plants after the January 1994 wildfires in northern Sydney”. Cunninghamia 11.1 (2009), pp. 131-165.
SAH_202366S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Cheal_201744D. Cheal. Growth stages and tolerable fire intervals for Victoria's native vegetation data sets. Fire and adaptive management, report no. 84. Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, 2010.
NHNSW_2014_244Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
WAH_2022_244Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Carey_200333A. C. &. M. E. &. P. H. &. M. L. &. T. M. &. P. O. &. S. S. &. D. S. &. N. Webb. Wildfires in the ACT 2003: Report on Initial Impacts on Natural Ecosystems. Technical Report No. 17. Environment ACT, 2003. url: https://www.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/2539593/17-wildfires-in-the-act-report-on-initial-impacts-on-natural-ecosystems-2003.pdf.
NHNSW_202233N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
RBGV_202233VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_202233S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Britton_199412D. L. Britton and M. A. Brock. “Seasonal germination from wetland seed banks”. Marine and Freshwater Research 45.8 (1994), pp. 1445-1457. doi: 10.1071/mf9941445.
Doherty_202122M. Doherty. “Fire Severity and Plant Community Dynamics in the Australian Alps, Southeastern New South Wales”. PhD. Australian National University, 2021. url: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/224564.
NSWFRD_201422B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Mesaglio_202211T. Mesaglio. “Unpublished data: Comprehensive biodiversity survey of Wategora Reserve and Everley Park along Duck River, western Sydney”. 2022. doi: 10.32942/X29886.
SAH_201411J. P. Jessop and H. R. Toelken. Flora of South Australia, 4th edition, 4 vols. Electronic version curated by J. Kellermann, State Herbarium of South Australia.. Government Printer, Adelaide, 1986.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.