AusTraits

Pelargonium australe

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Family Geraniaceae

Taxonomy: Pelargonium australe Willd.

Synonyms: 11 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Geraniospermum australe (Willd.) Kuntze (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Geranium australe (Willd.) Poir. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Geranium glomeratum Andrews (taxonomic synonym)
  • Pelargonium australe Willd. var. australe (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Pelargonium australe var. erodioides (Hook.) Benth. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Pelargonium australe var. glabrata Hook.f. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Pelargonium australe var. glabratum Hook.f. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Pelargonium australe var. major Hook.f. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Pelargonium australe var. majus Hook.f. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Pelargonium erodioides Hook. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Pelargonium glomeratum (Andrews) Jacq. (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA, SA, Qld, NSW, LHI (presumed extinct), NI (formerly naturalised), ACT, Vic, Tas

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ANBG_2019 (1), Burrows_2008_2 (5), Burrows_2020 (5), Cheal_2017 (8), Doherty_2021 (2), Draper_2023 (3), Hughes_1992 (3), Jordan_2001 (5), Kew_2019_1 (1), Kew_2019_6 (2), Mokany_2015 (1), Morgan_2011_1 (5), NHNSW_2014_2 (2), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (14), NSWFRD_2014 (10), RBGV_2022 (4), RBGV_2023 (12), SAH_2022 (4), SAH_2023 (8), Sjostrom_2006 (2), Sweedman_2006 (1), TMAG_2009 (11), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (12), WAH_2023_2 (4), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wheeler_2002 (10), White_2020 (38), Williams_2005 (3), Williams_2011 (11), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (28). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 81 traits from 222 records in 33 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): blue_purple (1); pink (2); white_cream (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; eFLOWER_Dun_2022]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (2); monoecious (1) [sources: Jordan_2001; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 11.5 mm (8-15 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): mericarp (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (1) [sources: Jordan_2001]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (2) [sources: SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 5026.55 mm2 (5026.55-5026.55 mm2) [sources: Mokany_2015]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 60.62 mm (15-100 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023; TMAG_2009; Wheeler_2002]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 52.5 mm (15-100 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; TMAG_2009; Wheeler_2002]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 11.33 cm (8-13 cm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): orbicular (4); ovate (4) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; TMAG_2009; Wheeler_2002]
  • leaf_base_shape (categorical): cordate (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1); toothed_crenate (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_margin_posture (categorical): flat (1); undulate (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): lobed (3); unlobed (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Wheeler_2002]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; TMAG_2009; Wheeler_2002]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): opposite (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (2); cam (1) [sources: White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (14) [sources: Hughes_1992; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; TMAG_2009; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; Wheeler_2002; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • life_form (categorical): hemicryptophyte (3) [sources: Morgan_2011_1; Williams_2005; Williams_2011]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (14); short_lived_perennial (1) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Cheal_2017; Jordan_2001; Morgan_2011_1; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; TMAG_2009; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023; Wheeler_2002; Williams_2005]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (7) [sources: NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): decumbent (4); erect (1); sprawling (1) [sources: RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (1) [sources: TMAG_2009]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (3) [sources: White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • root_structure (categorical): arbuscular_mycorrhizal (1) [sources: Williams_2011]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (2) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (3) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • pollination_system (categorical): biotic_unspecialised (1) [sources: Williams_2011]
  • reproductive_maturity (numerical): 0.5 a (0.5-0.5 a) [sources: Burrows_2020]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (4); ballistic (1); barochory (1); epizoochory (1); undefined (1) [sources: Draper_2023; Morgan_2011_1; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • dispersers (categorical): passive (1); wind (4) [sources: Draper_2023; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nyyyyyyyyyyy (1); ynnnnnnnnnny (1); yynnnnnnnyyy (2); yyynnnnnnyyy (2); yyyynnnnyyyy (1) [sources: Hughes_1992; NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; TMAG_2009; WAH_1998; White_2020]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): none (2) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020]
  • serotiny (categorical): not_serotinous (1) [sources: Hughes_1992]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): long_persistent (1); persistent (2) [sources: Cheal_2017; White_2020]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (4) [sources: Morgan_2011_1; White_2020; Williams_2005]
  • clonal_spread_mechanism (categorical): non_clonal (1) [sources: Williams_2011]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): bud-bearing_root (1); none (1); rhizome (1) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Doherty_2021; NSWFRD_2014]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 1.02 mg (0.9-1.08 mg) [sources: ANBG_2019; Kew_2019_1; Williams_2011]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
White_20201938M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
eFLOWER_Dun_20222228L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
NHNSW_20231114N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
RBGV_20231112VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
WAH_2022_2412Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
TMAG_2009911Tasmanian Herbarium. Flora of Tasmania Online. 2009. url: http://www.tmag.tas.gov.au/floratasmania.
Williams_20111111R. P. Duncan, S. E. Clemants, R. T. Corlett, A. K. Hahs, M. A. McCarthy, M. J. McDonnell, M. W. Schwartz, K. Thompson, P. A. Vesk, and N. S. G. Williams. “Plant traits and extinction in urban areas: a meta-analysis of 11 cities”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20.4 (2011), pp. 509-519. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00633.x.
NSWFRD_20141010B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Wheeler_2002810J. R. Wheeler, N. G. Marchant, and M. Lewington. Flora of the south west: Bunbury, Augusta, Denmark. Australian Biological Resources Study ; University of Western Australia Press, 2002. ISBN: 9780642568168.
Cheal_201788D. Cheal. Growth stages and tolerable fire intervals for Victoria's native vegetation data sets. Fire and adaptive management, report no. 84. Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, 2010.
SAH_202388S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Burrows_2008_255N. D. Burrows, G. Wardell-Johnson, and B. Ward. “Post-fire juvenile period of plants in south-west Australia forests and implications for fire management”. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 91 (2008), pp. 163-174. ISSN: 0035922X. url: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/19156 (visited on 03/27/2025).
Burrows_202055N. Burrows. Data from 'Plant Ecological Attributes' theme, NatureMap, DBCA, WA. 2020.
Jordan_200155G. J. Jordan. “An investigation of long-distance dispersal based on species native to both Tasmania and New Zealand”. Australian Journal of Botany 49.3 (2001), pp. 333-340. doi: 10.1071/bt00024.
Morgan_2011_155J. Morgan. “Unpublished data: Grassy woodland traits, La Trobe University”. 2011.
RBGV_202244VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_202244S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
WAH_2023_214Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Draper_202333J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
Hughes_199233L. Hughes and B. Rice. “Unpublished data: Traits data for 643 species, Macquarie University”. 1992.
NHNSW_202233N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Williams_200533N. S. G. Williams, J. W. Morgan, M. J. McDonnell, and M. A. McCarthy. “Plant traits and local extinctions in natural grasslands along an urban-rural gradient”. Journal of Ecology 93.6 (2005), pp. 1203-1213. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2005.01039.x.
Doherty_202122M. Doherty. “Fire Severity and Plant Community Dynamics in the Australian Alps, Southeastern New South Wales”. PhD. Australian National University, 2021. url: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/224564.
Kew_2019_612Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
NHNSW_2014_222Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Sjostrom_200622A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
ANBG_201911Australian National Botanic Gardens. The National Seed Bank. 2018. url: http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/living/seedbank/.
Kew_2019_111Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Mokany_201511K. Mokany, J. J. Thomson, A. J. J. Lynch, G. J. Jordan, and S. Ferrier. “Linking changes in community composition and function under climate change”. Ecological Applications 25.8 (2015), pp. 2132-2141. doi: 10.1890/14-2384.1.
Sweedman_200611L. Sweedman and D. Merritt. Australian Seeds: A Guide to Their Collection, Identification, and Biology. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. ISBN: 9780643094079.
WAH_199811Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.