Rhizophora apiculata

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Family Rhizophoraceae

Taxonomy: Rhizophora apiculata Blume

Synonyms: none listed in the APC 2026-07-30

Distribution (APC): CoI, NT, Qld

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NT eFlora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (15), Brock_1993 (12), Bryant_2021_3 (61), Chen_2017 (4), Cooper_2013 (11), Kew_2019_3 (4), Kew_2019_5 (1), Kooyman_2011 (9), NTH_2022 (3), NTH_2023 (6), Sjostrom_2006 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Zanne_2009 (1), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (16). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 53 traits from 151 records in 16 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

flower morphology

sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 25 mm (20-35 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013]
fruit_width (numerical): 18 mm (15-21 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013]
fruit_type (categorical): berry (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Cooper_2013]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (1); fleshy (1) [sources: Chen_2017; Cooper_2013]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; Cooper_2013]

leaf morphology

leaf_length (numerical): 135 mm (80-190 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Brock_1993]
leaf_width (numerical): 55.67 mm (37-90 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Brock_1993; Kooyman_2011]
petiole_length (numerical): 2.55 cm (1-4 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023]
leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 192.38 g/m2 (165.1-220.8 g/m2) [sources: Bryant_2021_3]
leaf_water_content_per_dry_mass (numerical): 2.14 g/g (1.35-3.04 g/g) [sources: Bryant_2021_3]
leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (2); narrowly_elliptical (1); narrowly_ovate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; Brock_1993; NTH_2023]
leaf_base_shape (categorical): attenuate (1) [sources: NTH_2023]
leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_lobation (categorical): unlobed (1) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; Brock_1993; Kooyman_2011]
leaf_arrangement (categorical): decussate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023]

life history

photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: Kew_2019_3]
plant_growth_form (categorical): tree (7) [sources: ABRS_2022; Brock_1993; Bryant_2021_3; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011; NTH_2022; Wenk_2022]
life_history (categorical): perennial (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; Brock_1993; NTH_2022; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; NTH_2022; Wenk_2022]
leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: Brock_1993; Kooyman_2011]
dispersal_syndrome (categorical): hydrochory (1) [sources: Kew_2019_5]
flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnyyyyn (2) [sources: Brock_1993; Cooper_2013]
clonal_spread_mechanism (categorical): viviparous (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

seed morphology

seed_length (numerical): 290 mm (180-400 mm) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
seed_width (numerical): 15.5 mm (12-19 mm) [sources: Kooyman_2011]

stem morphology

wood_density (numerical): 0.84 mg/mm3 (0.84-0.84 mg/mm3) [sources: Zanne_2009]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 18.38 m (5-25 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; Brock_1993; Cooper_2013; NTH_2023]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
Bryant_2021_3	7	61	C. Bryant, R. J. Harris, N. Brothers, C. Bone, N. Walsh, A. B. Nicotra, and M. C. Ball. “Cross-tolerance: Salinity gradients and dehydration increase photosynthetic heat tolerance in mangrove leaves”. Functional Ecology (2024). ISSN: 1365-2435. doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.14508.
eFLOWER_Dun_2022	14	16	L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
ABRS_2023	11	15	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Brock_1993	9	12	J. Brock and A. Dunlop. Native plants of northern Australia. Reed New Holland, 1993. ISBN: 9781877069246.
Cooper_2013	9	11	W. Cooper and W. T. Cooper. Australian rainforest fruits. CSIRO Publishing, 2013, p. 272.
Kooyman_2011	7	9	R. Kooyman, M. Rossetto, W. Cornwell, and M. Westoby. “Phylogenetic tests of community assembly across regional to continental scales in tropical and subtropical rain forests”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20 (2011), pp. 707-716. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00641.x.
NTH_2023	5	6	D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Chen_2017	4	4	Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
Kew_2019_3	4	4	Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Salt and water tolerance data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
ABRS_2022	3	3	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
NTH_2022	3	3	D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Sjostrom_2006	2	2	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Kew_2019_5	1	1	Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed dispersal data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.
Zanne_2009	1	1	A. E. Zanne, G. Lopez-Gonzalez, D. A. Coomes, J. Ilic, S. Jansen, S. L. Lewis, R. B. Miller, N. G. Swenson, M. C. Wiemann, and J. Chave. “Data from: Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum”. Dryad Digital Repository (2009). doi: 10.5061/dryad.234.