Sambucus australasica

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Family Viburnaceae

Taxonomy: Sambucus australasica (Lindl.) Fritsch

Synonyms: 2 (APC 2026-07-30)

Sambucus xanthocarpa F.Muell. (taxonomic synonym)
Tripetelus australasicus Lindl. (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): Qld, NSW, Vic

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, Vic Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: Butler_2004 (5), Clarke_2015 (3), Cooper_2013 (14), Kew_2019_1 (2), Kooyman_2011 (13), McCarthy_2017 (3), McGlone_2015 (6), NHNSW_2014_2 (11), NHNSW_2024 (12), RBGV_2022 (3), RBGV_2023 (20), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (20). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 57 traits from 119 records in 15 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (1); resprouts (1) [sources: Clarke_2015; White_2020]
post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment_absent (1) [sources: Clarke_2015]

flower morphology

flower_colour (categorical): green (1); white_cream (1); yellow_orange (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 5.25 mm (5-6 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013; RBGV_2023]
fruit_width (numerical): 5.25 mm (5-6 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013; RBGV_2023]
fruit_height (numerical): 5 mm (5-5 mm) [sources: RBGV_2023]
fruit_type (categorical): drupe (3) [sources: Cooper_2013; RBGV_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): fleshy (2) [sources: Cooper_2013; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (2) [sources: Cooper_2013; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_colour (categorical): yellow (2) [sources: NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023]

leaf morphology

leaf_area (numerical): 3516.55 mm2 (3516.55-3516.55 mm2) [sources: McCarthy_2017]
leaf_length (numerical): 89 mm (20-250 mm) [sources: McGlone_2015; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2014_2; NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023]
leaf_width (numerical): 21.1 mm (4-45 mm) [sources: McGlone_2015; Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2014_2; NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023]
petiole_length (numerical): 6 cm (2-10 cm) [sources: RBGV_2023]
leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 41.03 g/m2 (41.03-41.03 g/m2) [sources: McCarthy_2017]
leaf_type (categorical): broadleaf (1) [sources: NHNSW_2024]
leaf_shape (categorical): narrowly_elliptical (2); oblanceolate (2) [sources: NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023]
leaf_base_shape (categorical): cuneate (1); oblique (1); obtuse (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
leaf_margin (categorical): toothed (1); toothed_serrate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023]
leaf_lobation (categorical): unlobed (1) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): compound (4) [sources: Kooyman_2011; McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2014_2; RBGV_2023]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): opposite (2) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; RBGV_2023]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (2) [sources: NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023]

life history

photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: White_2020]
plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (7); tree (3) [sources: Butler_2004; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011; McGlone_2015; RBGV_2022; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
life_history (categorical): perennial (2) [sources: RBGV_2022; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (2) [sources: RBGV_2022; Wenk_2022]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): prostrate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: Kooyman_2011; NHNSW_2014_2]
nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: White_2020]
parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (1) [sources: White_2020]
dispersal_syndrome (categorical): endozoochory (2) [sources: Butler_2004; White_2020]
dispersers (categorical): birds (1); vertebrates (1) [sources: Butler_2004; White_2020]
flowering_time (categorical): yyynnnnnnyyy (2); yyyyyyyyynnn (1) [sources: Cooper_2013; NHNSW_2014_2; White_2020]
seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): transient (1) [sources: White_2020]
vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): vegetative (1) [sources: White_2020]
bud_bank_location (categorical): none (1) [sources: Clarke_2015]

seed morphology

seed_dry_mass (numerical): 1.9 mg (1.7-2.09 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1]
seed_length (numerical): 3.75 mm (3-4 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011]
seed_width (numerical): 1.75 mm (1-2 mm) [sources: Butler_2004; Kooyman_2011]

stem morphology

wood_density (numerical): 0.36 mg/mm3 (0.36-0.36 mg/mm3) [sources: McCarthy_2017]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 4.33 m (4-5 m) [sources: Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011; McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2014_2; NHNSW_2024; RBGV_2023]
plant_physical_defence_structures (categorical): absent (1) [sources: White_2020]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
RBGV_2023	15	20	VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
White_2020	20	20	M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
Cooper_2013	11	14	W. Cooper and W. T. Cooper. Australian rainforest fruits. CSIRO Publishing, 2013, p. 272.
Kooyman_2011	9	13	R. Kooyman, M. Rossetto, W. Cornwell, and M. Westoby. “Phylogenetic tests of community assembly across regional to continental scales in tropical and subtropical rain forests”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20 (2011), pp. 707-716. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00641.x.
NHNSW_2024	8	12	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on December, 2023.. 2024. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NHNSW_2014_2	9	11	Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
McGlone_2015	6	6	M. S. McGlone, S. J. Richardson, G. J. Jordan, and G. L. Perry. “Is there a `suboptimal' woody species height? A response to Scheffer et al.”. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 30.1 (2015), pp. 4-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2014.09.007.
Butler_2004	5	5	D. W. Butler, R. J. Green, D. Lamb, W. J. F. Mcdonald, and P. I. Forster. “Biogeography of seed-dispersal syndromes, life-forms and seed sizes among woody rain-forest plants in Australia's subtropics”. Journal of Biogeography 34.10 (2007), pp. 1736-1750. ISSN: 1365-2699. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01734.x.
Sjostrom_2006	4	4	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Clarke_2015	3	3	P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
McCarthy_2017	3	3	J. K. McCarthy, J. M. Dwyer, and K. Mokany. “A regional-scale assessment of using metabolic scaling theory to predict ecosystem properties”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286.1915 (2019), p. 20192221. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2221.
RBGV_2022	3	3	VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
Kew_2019_1	1	2	Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.