AusTraits

Solanum americanum

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Family Solanaceae

Taxonomy: Solanum americanum Mill.

Synonyms: 8 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Solanum americanum subsp. nodiflorum (Jacq.) R.J.F.Hend. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Solanum americanum subsp. nutans (R.J.F.Hend.) R.J.F.Hend. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Solanum americanum var. nodiflorum (Jacq.) Edmonds (taxonomic synonym)
  • Solanum nodiflorum Jacq. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Solanum nodiflorum Jacq. subsp. nodiflorum (taxonomic synonym)
  • Solanum nodiflorum subsp. nutans R.J.F.Hend. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Solanum oleraceum Dunal ex Poir. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Solanum pachystylum Polgar (taxonomic synonym)
Misapplied names: 5 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Solanum astroites G.Forst. (pro parte misapplied)
  • Solanum nigrum L. (pro parte misapplied)
  • Solanum nigrum L. (misapplied)
  • Solanum nigrum var. pterocaulum Domin (pro parte misapplied)
  • Solanum pterocaulum Dunal (pro parte misapplied)

Distribution (APC): WA (naturalised), CoI, ChI, NT (naturalised), Qld (naturalised), NSW (naturalised), LHI (naturalised), NI (naturalised), Vic (naturalised), Tas (doubtfully naturalised)

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_2022 (4), ABRS_2023 (21), ATRP_2020 (1), Draper_2023 (3), Kew_2019_1 (1), Kew_2019_2 (1), Kew_2019_4 (1), Kubiak_2009 (2), Mesaglio_2022 (2), NHNSW_2014_2 (4), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (17), NSWFRD_2014 (2), Pickup_2021 (3), RBGV_2022 (4), RBGV_2023 (21), Schmidt_1993 (1), Sjostrom_2006 (3), WAH_2022_1 (3), WAH_2022_2 (4), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (18). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 49 traits from 124 records in 24 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): blue_purple (1); green (1); white_cream (1); yellow_orange (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 7.25 mm (5-9 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 7.33 mm (5-9 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • fruit_height (numerical): 7.33 mm (5-9 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): berry (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): fleshy (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_colour (categorical): black (3); purple (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_length (numerical): 65 mm (20-120 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 36.67 mm (10-70 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 2.67 cm (1-5 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): lanceolate (3); ovate (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_base_shape (categorical): cuneate (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): lobed_shallow (2); unlobed (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (9); shrub (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; Pickup_2021; RBGV_2022; WAH_2022_1; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
  • life_history (categorical): annual (2); short_lived_perennial (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; RBGV_2022; WAH_2022_1; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (6); semi_woody (1); woody (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; WAH_2022_1; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): erect (4); spreading (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; ATRP_2020; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; WAH_2022_2]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • root_structure (categorical): non_mycorrhizal (1) [sources: Schmidt_1993]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): endozoochory (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • dispersers (categorical): birds (1); vertebrates (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnnnnn (1); nnnnnnnnyyyn (1); nnnnnnynnnnn (1) [sources: Mesaglio_2022; NHNSW_2014_2]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1) [sources: White_2020]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 0.8 mg (0.8-0.8 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1]
  • seed_length (numerical): 1.27 mm (1-1.6 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
ABRS_20231421Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
RBGV_20231421VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
White_20201818M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
NHNSW_20231217N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
ABRS_202244Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
NHNSW_2014_244Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
RBGV_202244VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
WAH_2022_244Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Draper_202333J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
NHNSW_202233N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Pickup_202133M. Pickup and T. McDonald. Bushfire impacts — A national model for assessing local landscape restoration priorities. Project Phoenix Report. Greening Australia, 2021. url: https://www.greeningaustralia.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/1.02R2.pdf.
Sjostrom_200633A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
WAH_2022_133Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Kubiak_200922P. J. Kubiak. “Fire responses of bushland plants after the January 1994 wildfires in northern Sydney”. Cunninghamia 11.1 (2009), pp. 131-165.
Mesaglio_202212T. Mesaglio. “Unpublished data: Comprehensive biodiversity survey of Wategora Reserve and Everley Park along Duck River, western Sydney”. 2022. doi: 10.32942/X29886.
NSWFRD_201422B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
WAH_2023_212Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
ATRP_202011F. A. Zich, B. P. Hyland, T. Whiffin, and R. A. Kerrigan. Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants, Edition 8. 2020. url: https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/intro/index.html.
Kew_2019_111Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Kew_2019_211Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Kew_2019_411Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Oil content data from Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Schmidt_199311S. Schmidt. “Unpublished data: Compilation of mycorrhizal status data, University of Queensland”. 1993.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.