AusTraits

Stirlingia latifolia

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Proteaceae

Taxonomy: Stirlingia latifolia (R.Br.) Steud.

Synonyms: 4 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Simsia latifolia R.Br. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Simsia latifolia R.Br. var. latifolia (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Simsia latifolia var. gracilis Ostenf. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Stirlingia paniculata Lindl. (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (4), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (10), Burrows_2008_2 (5), Burrows_2020 (5), Chen_2017 (5), Clarke_2015 (2), Collette_2021 (1), Detombeur_2021 (27), Enright_2014 (9), Funk_2016 (56), Jordan_2015 (4), Jordan_2020 (14), Kew_2019_1 (1), Laliberte_2012 (8), Liu_2023 (146), Munroe_2019 (1), Pate_1990 (5), Read_2005 (36), Schmidt_1993 (2), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Standish_2019 (7), Sweedman_2006 (3), Tsakalos_2020 (19), Tsakalos_2022 (2), Veneklaas_2003 (20), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (4), WAH_2023_2 (3), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wheeler_2002 (8), Yang_2023 (1), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (26), vanderMoezel_1987 (3). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 117 traits from 448 records in 35 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (2); resprouts (9) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Clarke_2015; Enright_2014; Pate_1990; Standish_2019; Tsakalos_2020; vanderMoezel_1987]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (6) [sources: Clarke_2015; Enright_2014; Pate_1990]
  • post_fire_flowering (categorical): fire_enhanced_flowering (1) [sources: Yang_2023]
  • fire_time_from_fire_to_flowering (numerical): 24 mo (24-24 mo) [sources: Burrows_2020]
flower morphology
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_width (numerical): 4.75 mm (4-5.5 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • fruit_height (numerical): 4.75 mm (4-5.5 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): nut (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (3) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006; Tsakalos_2020]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 7549.35 mm2 (1855.7-9676.96 mm2) [sources: Jordan_2020; Laliberte_2012; Read_2005]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 100 mm (100-100 mm) [sources: ABRS_1981; Wheeler_2002]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 8 mm (1-15 mm) [sources: Wheeler_2002]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 6.5 cm (3-10 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 327.37 g/m2 (265.54-438.6 g/m2) [sources: Funk_2016; Jordan_2020; Laliberte_2012; Liu_2023; Read_2005; Veneklaas_2003]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.4 g/g (0.4-0.42 g/g) [sources: Laliberte_2012; Veneklaas_2003]
  • leaf_water_content_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.6 g/g (0.6-0.6 g/g) [sources: Veneklaas_2003]
  • leaf_type (categorical): broadleaf (1) [sources: Veneklaas_2003]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): terete (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): lobed (4); lobed_deep (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; Jordan_2020; Tsakalos_2020; Wheeler_2002]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (4) [sources: ABRS_1981; Jordan_2020; Read_2005; Tsakalos_2020]
  • leaf_lamina_division (categorical): dichotomously_lobed (1) [sources: Jordan_2020]
  • leaf_lamina_posture (categorical): flat (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
  • leaf_glaucousness (categorical): not_glaucous (2) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
  • leaf_hairs_adult_leaves (categorical): glabrous (2) [sources: Jordan_2020; Tsakalos_2020]
  • leaf_stomatal_density_abaxial (numerical): 119.5 {count}/mm2 (119.5-119.5 {count}/mm2) [sources: Jordan_2020]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; Tsakalos_2020]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (3) [sources: Munroe_2019; Tsakalos_2020; Veneklaas_2003]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (9) [sources: ABRS_2022; Funk_2016; Laliberte_2012; Schmidt_1993; Standish_2019; Veneklaas_2003; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; Wheeler_2002]
  • life_form (categorical): phanerophyte (1) [sources: Funk_2016]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (11) [sources: ABRS_2022; Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Funk_2016; Jordan_2015; Jordan_2020; Standish_2019; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023; Wheeler_2002]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (4); woody_root (1) [sources: ABRS_2022; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): erect (2) [sources: Tsakalos_2020; WAH_2022_2]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; Veneklaas_2003]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (3) [sources: Funk_2016; Standish_2019; Veneklaas_2003]
  • root_structure (categorical): non_mycorrhizal (1); proteoid_root (4) [sources: Funk_2016; Laliberte_2012; Schmidt_1993; Standish_2019]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
  • reproductive_maturity (numerical): 2 a (2-2 a) [sources: Burrows_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnynnn (1); nnnnnnnnyynn (2); nnnnnnnyyynn (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; Chen_2017; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_1998; vanderMoezel_1987]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): soil_seedbank (4) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Enright_2014; Standish_2019]
  • seed_dormancy_class (categorical): physiological_dormancy (1) [sources: Collette_2021]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): vegetative (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2022]
  • storage_organ (categorical): lignotuber (1) [sources: WAH_2023_2]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_stem_buds (1); none (1) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Tsakalos_2022]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 8.69 mg/g (5.81-11.7 mg/g) [sources: Funk_2016; Liu_2023; Read_2005; Veneklaas_2003]
  • leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.26 mg/g (0.15-0.48 mg/g) [sources: Detombeur_2021; Funk_2016; Liu_2023; Read_2005]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 12.27 mg (10.63-13.9 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1; Standish_2019]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Liu_202315146S. T. Liu, C. E. Gille, T. Bird, K. Ranathunge, P. M. Finnegan, and H. Lambers. “Leaf phosphorus allocation to chemical fractions and its seasonal variation in south-western Australia is a species-dependent trait”. Science of The Total Environment 901 (2023), p. 166395. ISSN: 0048-9697. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166395.
Funk_20161656J. L. Funk, R. J. Standish, W. D. Stock, and F. Valladares. “Plant functional traits of dominant native and invasive species in mediterranean-climate ecosystems”. Ecology 97.1 (2016), pp. 75-83. doi: 10.1890/15-0974.1.
Read_2005836J. Read, G. D. Sanson, and B. B. Lamont. “Leaf mechanical properties in sclerophyll woodland and shrubland on contrasting soils”. Plant and Soil 276 (2005), pp. 95-113. doi: 10.1007/s11104-005-3343-8.
Detombeur_2021927F. de Tombeur, E. Laliberte, H. Lambers, M. Faucon, G. Zemunik, B. L. Turner, J. Cornelis, and G. Mahy. “A shift from phenol to silica-based leaf defenses during long-term soil and ecosystem development”. Ecology Letters 24.5 (2021), pp. 984-995. doi: 10.1111/ele.13713.
eFLOWER_Dun_20222426L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
Veneklaas_20031820E. J. Veneklaas and P. Poot. “Seasonal patterns in water use and leaf turnover of different plant functional types in a species-rich woodland, south-western Australia”. Plant and Soil 257.2 (2003), pp. 295-304. doi: 10.1023/a:1027383920150.
Tsakalos_20201819J. L. Tsakalos, M. Renton, F. Riviera, E. J. Veneklaas, M. P. Dobrowolski, and L. Mucina. “Trait-based formal definition of plant functional types and functional communities in the multi-species and multi-traits context”. Ecological Complexity 40 (2019), p. 100787. doi: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2019.100787.
Jordan_20201414G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, B. R. Holland, N. J. Beeton, M. D. Woodhams, and T. J. Brodribb. “Links between environment and stomatal size through evolutionary time in Proteaceae”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287.1919 (2020), p. 20192876. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2876.
ABRS_2023710Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Enright_201439N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, B. B. Lamont, B. P. Miller, and V. C. Westcott. “Resistance and resilience to changing climate and fire regime depend on plant functional traits”. Journal of Ecology 102 (2014), pp. 1572-1581. doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.12306.
Laliberte_201258E. Laliberte, B. L. Turner, T. Costes, S. J. Pearse, K. Wyrwoll, G. Zemunik, and H. Lambers. “Experimental assessment of nutrient limitation along a 2-million-year dune chronosequence in the south-western Australia biodiversity hotspot”. Journal of Ecology 100 (2012), pp. 631-642. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2012.01962.x.
Wheeler_200268J. R. Wheeler, N. G. Marchant, and M. Lewington. Flora of the south west: Bunbury, Augusta, Denmark. Australian Biological Resources Study ; University of Western Australia Press, 2002. ISBN: 9780642568168.
Standish_201977R. Standish. “Unpublished data: Jarrah forest, Murdoch University”. 2019.
Burrows_2008_255N. D. Burrows, G. Wardell-Johnson, and B. Ward. “Post-fire juvenile period of plants in south-west Australia forests and implications for fire management”. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 91 (2008), pp. 163-174. ISSN: 0035922X. url: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/19156 (visited on 03/27/2025).
Burrows_202055N. Burrows. Data from 'Plant Ecological Attributes' theme, NatureMap, DBCA, WA. 2020.
Chen_201755Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
Pate_199055J. S. Pate, R. H. Froend, B. J. Bowen, A. Hansen, and J. Kuo. “Seedling growth and storage characteristics of seeder and resprouter species of Mediterranean-type ecosystems of SW Australia”. Annals of Botany 65.6 (1990), pp. 585-601. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087976.
ABRS_198144B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Jordan_201544G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, A. Koutoulis, A. Price, and T. J. Brodribb. “Environmental adaptation in stomatal size independent of the effects of genome size”. New Phytologist 205.2 (2015), pp. 608-617. doi: 10.1111/nph.13076.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
WAH_2022_244Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
ABRS_202233Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Sweedman_200613L. Sweedman and D. Merritt. Australian Seeds: A Guide to Their Collection, Identification, and Biology. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. ISBN: 9780643094079.
WAH_2023_223Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
vanderMoezel_198733P. G. van der Moezel, W. A. Loneragan, and D. T. Bell. “Northern Sandplain Kwongan - regeneration following fire, juvenile period and flowering phenology”. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 69.4 (1987), pp. 123-132.
Clarke_201522P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Schmidt_199322S. Schmidt. “Unpublished data: Compilation of mycorrhizal status data, University of Queensland”. 1993.
Tsakalos_202222J. L. Tsakalos, G. Ottaviani, S. Chelli, A. Rea, S. Elder, M. P. Dobrowolski, and L. Mucina. “Plant clonality in a soil-impoverished open ecosystem: insights from southwest Australian shrublands”. Annals of Botany 130.7 (2022), pp. 981-990. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcac131.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Collette_202111J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
Kew_2019_111Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
WAH_199811Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.
Yang_202311S. Yang. “Unpublished data: Fire response traits scored from national and state floras and the taxonomic literature, University of New South Wales”. 2023.