Symphionema montanum

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Family Proteaceae

Taxonomy: Symphionema montanum R.Br.

Synonyms: 7 (APC 2026-07-30)

Symphionema abrotanoides Spreng. (doubtful taxonomic synonym)
Symphionema montanum R.Br. var. montanum (nomenclatural synonym)
Symphionema montanum var. brownii Meisn. (doubtful taxonomic synonym)
Symphionema montanum var. glaberrima Endl. (taxonomic synonym)
Symphionema montanum var. pilosum Endl. (taxonomic synonym)
Symphionema montanum var. sieberi Meisn. (taxonomic synonym)
Symphyonema montanum F.Muell. (orthographic variant)

Distribution (APC): NSW

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (2), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (8), Chen_2017 (5), Clarke_2015 (2), Collette_2021 (1), Jordan_2015 (4), Jordan_2020 (13), Leishman_2007 (7), NHNSW_2014_2 (5), NHNSW_2022 (1), NHNSW_2023 (7), NSWFRD_2014 (8), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Stephens_2023 (1), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (31). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 68 traits from 105 records in 18 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (2) [sources: Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014]

flower morphology

flower_colour (categorical): white_cream (1); yellow_orange (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; eFLOWER_Dun_2022]
sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 2 mm (2-2 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
fruit_type (categorical): achene (2); nut (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; NHNSW_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]

leaf morphology

leaf_area (numerical): 386 mm2 (386-386 mm2) [sources: Jordan_2020]
leaf_length (numerical): 32.5 mm (20-50 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 85.53 g/m2 (63-108.06 g/m2) [sources: Jordan_2020; Leishman_2007]
leaf_lobation (categorical): lobed (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; Jordan_2020]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; Jordan_2020; NHNSW_2014_2]
leaf_lamina_division (categorical): pinnatisect (1) [sources: Jordan_2020]
leaf_hairs_adult_leaves (categorical): glabrous (1) [sources: Jordan_2020]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1); opposite (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
leaf_stomatal_density_abaxial (numerical): 207.64 {count}/mm2 (207.64-207.64 {count}/mm2) [sources: Jordan_2020]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]

life history

plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (1); shrub (3); subshrub (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; Leishman_2007; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; Wenk_2022]
life_history (categorical): perennial (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; Jordan_2015; Jordan_2020; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; Wenk_2022]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): prostrate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (1) [sources: ABRS_1981]
pollination_system (categorical): insect (1) [sources: Stephens_2023]
flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnnyyy (2); nnnnnnnnyyyn (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; Chen_2017; NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014]
seedbank_location (categorical): soil_seedbank (1) [sources: NSWFRD_2014]
seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (1) [sources: NSWFRD_2014]
seed_dormancy_class (categorical): physiological_dormancy (1) [sources: Collette_2021]
bud_bank_location (categorical): none (1) [sources: Clarke_2015]

nutrient and stable isotope

leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 10.23 mg/g (10.23-10.23 mg/g) [sources: Leishman_2007]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 0.7 m (0.4-0.8 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
eFLOWER_Dun_2022	25	31	L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
Jordan_2020	13	13	G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, B. R. Holland, N. J. Beeton, M. D. Woodhams, and T. J. Brodribb. “Links between environment and stomatal size through evolutionary time in Proteaceae”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287.1919 (2020), p. 20192876. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2876.
ABRS_2023	7	8	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
NSWFRD_2014	7	8	B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Leishman_2007	7	7	M. R. Leishman, T. Haslehurst, A. Ares, and Z. Baruch. “Leaf trait relationships of native and invasive plants: community- and global-scale comparisons”. New Phytologist 176.3 (2007), pp. 635-643. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02189.x.
NHNSW_2023	5	7	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Chen_2017	5	5	Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
NHNSW_2014_2	5	5	Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Jordan_2015	4	4	G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, A. Koutoulis, A. Price, and T. J. Brodribb. “Environmental adaptation in stomatal size independent of the effects of genome size”. New Phytologist 205.2 (2015), pp. 608-617. doi: 10.1111/nph.13076.
Sjostrom_2006	4	4	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
ABRS_2022	3	3	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
ABRS_1981	2	2	B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Clarke_2015	2	2	P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Collette_2021	1	1	J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
NHNSW_2022	1	1	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Stephens_2023	1	1	R. E. Stephens, R. V. Gallagher, L. Dun, W. Cornwell, and H. Sauquet. “Insect pollination for most of angiosperm evolutionary history”. New Phytologist 240.2 (2023), pp. 880-891. ISSN: 1469-8137. doi: 10.1111/nph.18993.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.