Symphionema paludosum

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Family Proteaceae

Taxonomy: Symphionema paludosum R.Br.

Synonyms: 1 (APC 2026-07-30)

Symphyonema paludosum F.Muell. (orthographic variant)

Distribution (APC): NSW

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (2), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (7), Chen_2017 (5), Clarke_2015 (2), Collette_2021 (1), Jordan_2015 (4), Jordan_2020 (9), NHNSW_2014_2 (5), NHNSW_2022 (1), NHNSW_2023 (6), NSWFRD_2014 (9), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (19). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 49 traits from 80 records in 16 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (3) [sources: Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (1) [sources: NSWFRD_2014]

flower morphology

flower_colour (categorical): yellow_orange (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_length (numerical): 2 mm (2-2 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
fruit_type (categorical): achene (2); nut (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; NHNSW_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]

leaf morphology

leaf_length (numerical): 20 mm (10-30 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
leaf_shape (categorical): linear (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_lobation (categorical): lobed (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; Jordan_2020]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; Jordan_2020; NHNSW_2014_2]
leaf_lamina_division (categorical): pinnatisect (1) [sources: Jordan_2020]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1); opposite (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
leaf_stomatal_density_abaxial (numerical): 89.62 {count}/mm2 (89.62-89.62 {count}/mm2) [sources: Jordan_2020]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]

life history

photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: White_2020]
plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (1); shrub (4); subshrub (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
life_history (categorical): perennial (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; Jordan_2015; Jordan_2020; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (2); woody_base (1) [sources: ABRS_2022; Wenk_2022]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): prostrate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (1) [sources: ABRS_1981]
nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: White_2020]
parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (1) [sources: White_2020]
dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (1) [sources: White_2020]
dispersers (categorical): wind (1) [sources: White_2020]
flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnynnn (1); nnnnnnnnyyyn (2); nnnnnnnyyyyn (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; Chen_2017; NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
seedbank_location (categorical): soil_seedbank (1) [sources: NSWFRD_2014]
seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (2) [sources: NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
seed_dormancy_class (categorical): physiological_dormancy (1) [sources: Collette_2021]
vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1) [sources: White_2020]
bud_bank_location (categorical): none (1) [sources: Clarke_2015]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 0.68 m (0.6-0.75 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
plant_physical_defence_structures (categorical): absent (1) [sources: White_2020]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
White_2020	19	19	M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
Jordan_2020	9	9	G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, B. R. Holland, N. J. Beeton, M. D. Woodhams, and T. J. Brodribb. “Links between environment and stomatal size through evolutionary time in Proteaceae”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287.1919 (2020), p. 20192876. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2876.
NSWFRD_2014	8	9	B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
ABRS_2023	7	7	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
NHNSW_2023	5	6	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Chen_2017	5	5	Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
NHNSW_2014_2	5	5	Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Jordan_2015	4	4	G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, A. Koutoulis, A. Price, and T. J. Brodribb. “Environmental adaptation in stomatal size independent of the effects of genome size”. New Phytologist 205.2 (2015), pp. 608-617. doi: 10.1111/nph.13076.
Sjostrom_2006	4	4	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
ABRS_2022	3	3	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
ABRS_1981	2	2	B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Clarke_2015	2	2	P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Collette_2021	1	1	J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
NHNSW_2022	1	1	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.