AusTraits

Toechima erythrocarpum

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Sapindaceae

Taxonomy: Toechima erythrocarpum (F.Muell.) Radlk.

Synonyms: 2 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Cupania erythrocarpa F.Muell. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Ratonia nugentii F.M.Bailey (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): Qld

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (1), ABRS_2022 (4), ABRS_2023 (21), Cheesman_2020 (12), Chen_2017 (5), Cooper_2013 (14), Gross_2005 (4), Ilic_2000 (1), Kanowski_2000 (22), Kew_2019_1 (2), Kooyman_2011 (11), Metcalfe_2009 (18), Sams_2017 (10), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Wells_2012 (128), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wright_2000 (1), Zieminska_2015 (36), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (17). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 108 traits from 314 records in 20 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): white_cream (1); yellow_orange (1) [sources: eFLOWER_Dun_2022]
  • flower_diameter (numerical): 0.65 cm (0.6-0.7 cm) [sources: eFLOWER_Dun_2022]
  • sex_type (categorical): monoecious (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; Gross_2005; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 27.5 mm (20-35 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 25.25 mm (15-39 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013]
  • fruit_height (numerical): 23.5 mm (15-32 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): capsule (5) [sources: Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; Sams_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (7) [sources: Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; Metcalfe_2009; Sams_2017; Sjostrom_2006; Wells_2012]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (8) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Gross_2005; Metcalfe_2009; Sams_2017; Sjostrom_2006; Wells_2012]
  • fruit_colour (categorical): orange (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 12486.67 mm2 (6580-22500 mm2) [sources: Cheesman_2020; Kanowski_2000; Metcalfe_2009]
  • leaflet_area (numerical): 5396.55 mm2 (591.52-12221.35 mm2) [sources: Wells_2012]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 226.25 mm (85-300 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Kooyman_2011]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 90 mm (30-125 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Kooyman_2011]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 7.5 cm (4-11 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 84.12 g/m2 (28.75-122.96 g/m2) [sources: Cheesman_2020; Kanowski_2000; Sams_2017; Wells_2012; Zieminska_2015]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.31 g/g (0.24-0.36 g/g) [sources: Wells_2012]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (1); oblong (1); obovate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_base_shape (categorical): oblique (1); obtuse (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): unlobed (1) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): compound (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; Kooyman_2011]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2009]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): tree (7) [sources: ABRS_2022; Cheesman_2020; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011; Metcalfe_2009; Wells_2012; Wenk_2022]
  • life_form (categorical): phanerophyte (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2009]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; Metcalfe_2009; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; Kooyman_2011]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2009]
  • root_structure (categorical): mycorrhizal (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2009]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): bee (2) [sources: Metcalfe_2009; Wells_2012]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): endozoochory (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2009]
  • dispersers (categorical): birds (2); flying_vertebrates (1) [sources: Cooper_2013; Sams_2017; Wells_2012]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnyyyyyynn (1) [sources: Cooper_2013]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): transient (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2009]
  • clonal_spread_mechanism (categorical): non_clonal (1) [sources: Metcalfe_2009]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 22.66 mg/g (16.39-28.93 mg/g) [sources: Cheesman_2020; Kanowski_2000]
  • leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 1.51 mg/g (1.51-1.51 mg/g) [sources: Kanowski_2000]
  • leaf_delta13C (numerical): -32.39 {delta}[ppth] (-32.39--32.39 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Cheesman_2020]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 136.5 mg (90-183 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1]
  • seed_length (numerical): 14.75 mm (14-15 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011]
  • seed_width (numerical): 8.5 mm (8-9 mm) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
  • seed_shape (categorical): ellipsoid (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.63 mg/mm3 (0.54-0.68 mg/mm3) [sources: Ilic_2000; Kooyman_2011; Metcalfe_2009; Sams_2017; Wells_2012; Zieminska_2015]
  • huber_value (numerical): 0 mm2{sapwood}/mm2{leaf} (0-0 mm2{sapwood}/mm2{leaf}) [sources: Zieminska_2015]
  • stem_vessel_density (numerical): 104.03 {count}/mm2 (89.96-127.8 {count}/mm2) [sources: Zieminska_2015]
  • stem_vessel_diameter (numerical): 38.74 um (33.87-41.91 um) [sources: Zieminska_2015]
  • stem_vessel_lumen_fraction (numerical): 0.12 mm2/mm2 (0.12-0.12 mm2/mm2) [sources: Zieminska_2015]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Wells_201223128J. A. Wells. “Phylogeny and inter-relations of ecological traits and seed dispersal in rainforest plants: Exploring aspects of functional diversity in primary and secondary rainforests in Australia's Wet Tropics.”. PhD. University of Queensland, 2012.
Zieminska_20151236K. Ziemińska, M. Westoby, and I. J. Wright. “Broad anatomical variation within a narrow wood density range - A study of twig wood across 69 Australian Angiosperms”. PLOS ONE 10.4 (2015), p. e0124892. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124892.
Kanowski_20002222J. Kanowski. “Ecological determinants of the distribution and abundance of the folivorous marsupials endemic to the rainforests of the Atherton uplands, north Queensland.”. PhD. James Cook University, Townsville, 1999.
ABRS_20231521Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Metcalfe_20091818E. Laliberte, J. A. Wells, F. DeClerck, D. J. Metcalfe, C. P. Catterall, C. Queiroz, I. Aubin, S. P. Bonser, Y. Ding, J. M. Fraterrigo, S. McNamara, J. W. Morgan, D. S. Merlos, P. A. Vesk, and M. M. Mayfield. “Land-use intensification reduces functional redundancy and response diversity in plant communities”. Ecology Letters 13.1 (2010), pp. 76-86. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01403.x.
eFLOWER_Dun_20221517L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
Cooper_20131114W. Cooper and W. T. Cooper. Australian rainforest fruits. CSIRO Publishing, 2013, p. 272.
Cheesman_20201212A. W. Cheesman, H. Duff, K. Hill, L. A. Cernusak, and F. A. McInerney. “Isotopic and morphologic proxies for reconstructing light environment and leaf function of fossil leaves: A modern calibration in the Daintree Rainforest, Australia”. American Journal of Botany 107 (2020), pp. 1165-1176. doi: 10.1002/ajb2.1523.
Kooyman_2011911R. Kooyman, M. Rossetto, W. Cornwell, and M. Westoby. “Phylogenetic tests of community assembly across regional to continental scales in tropical and subtropical rain forests”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20 (2011), pp. 707-716. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00641.x.
Sams_2017910M. A. Sams, H. R. Lai, S. P. Bonser, P. A. Vesk, R. M. Kooyman, D. J. Metcalfe, J. W. Morgan, and M. M. Mayfield. “Landscape context explains changes in the functional diversity of regenerating forests better than climate or species richness”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 26.10 (2017), pp. 1165-1176. doi: 10.1111/geb.12627.
Chen_201755Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
ABRS_202244Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Gross_200544C. L. Gross. “A comparison of the sexual systems in the trees from the Australian tropics with other tropical biomes-more monoecy but why?”. American Journal of Botany 92.6 (2005), pp. 907-919. doi: 10.3732/ajb.92.6.907.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Kew_2019_112Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
ABRS_198111B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Ilic_200011J. Ilic, D. Boland, M. McDonald, D. G, and P. Blakemore. Woody density phase 1 - State of knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System. Technical Report 18. Tech. rep. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia, 2000.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.
Wright_200011I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.