Triticum aestivum

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Family Poaceae

Taxonomy: Triticum aestivum L.

Synonyms: 2 (APC 2026-07-30)

Triticum sativum Lam. (taxonomic synonym)
Triticum vulgare Vill. (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): WA (naturalised), NT (doubtfully naturalised), SA (naturalised), Qld (naturalised), NSW (naturalised), ACT (doubtfully naturalised), Vic (naturalised), Tas (naturalised)

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_2022 (4), ABRS_2023 (8), Catford_2014 (6), Doherty_2021 (3), NHNSW_2014_2 (1), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (5), RBGV_2022 (4), RBGV_2023 (9), Roderick_1999 (8), Tsakalos_2020 (16), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_2 (3), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 28 traits from 76 records in 15 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (1) [sources: Doherty_2021]

fruit morphology

fruit_type (categorical): caryopsis (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; WAH_2023_2]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]

leaf morphology

leaf_length (numerical): 201.25 mm (120-350 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023]
leaf_width (numerical): 9 mm (5-15 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; RBGV_2023]
leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 32.05 g/m2 (27.84-43 g/m2) [sources: Catford_2014; Roderick_1999]
leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_lamina_posture (categorical): flat (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_glaucousness (categorical): not_glaucous (2) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_hairs_adult_leaves (categorical): hairy (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; Tsakalos_2020]

life history

photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
plant_growth_form (categorical): graminoid (6); herb (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; Catford_2014; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
life_history (categorical): annual (6) [sources: ABRS_2022; Catford_2014; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (6) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): erect (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; RBGV_2022; Tsakalos_2020]
root_structure (categorical): arbuscular_mycorrhizal (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnyyyn (1); nyyyyyynnnnn (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; Tsakalos_2020]
seedbank_location (categorical): soil_seedbank (1) [sources: Doherty_2021]
bud_bank_location (categorical): none (1) [sources: Doherty_2021]

nutrient and stable isotope

leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 38.65 mg/g (31-48.3 mg/g) [sources: Roderick_1999]

seed morphology

seed_dry_mass (numerical): 35.96 mg (35.96-35.96 mg) [sources: Catford_2014]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 1.07 m (0.4-1.5 m) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; WAH_2023_2]
plant_physical_defence_structures (categorical): absent (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
Tsakalos_2020	15	16	J. L. Tsakalos, M. Renton, F. Riviera, E. J. Veneklaas, M. P. Dobrowolski, and L. Mucina. “Trait-based formal definition of plant functional types and functional communities in the multi-species and multi-traits context”. Ecological Complexity 40 (2019), p. 100787. doi: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2019.100787.
RBGV_2023	7	9	VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
ABRS_2023	6	8	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Roderick_1999	2	8	M. L. Roderick, S. L. Berry, and I. R. Noble. “The relationship between leaf composition and morphology at elevated CO2 concentrations”. New Phytologist 143.1 (1999), pp. 63-72. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.1999.00438.x.
Catford_2014	6	6	J. A. Catford, W. K. Morris, P. A. Vesk, C. J. Gippel, and B. J. Downes. “Species and environmental characteristics point to flow regulation and drought as drivers of riparian plant invasion”. Diversity and Distributions 20 (2014), pp. 1084-1096. doi: 10.1111/ddi.12225.
NHNSW_2023	5	5	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
ABRS_2022	4	4	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
RBGV_2022	4	4	VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
Doherty_2021	3	3	M. Doherty. “Fire Severity and Plant Community Dynamics in the Australian Alps, Southeastern New South Wales”. PhD. Australian National University, 2021. url: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/224564.
NHNSW_2022	3	3	N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
WAH_2022_2	3	3	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
WAH_2023_2	2	3	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
NHNSW_2014_2	1	1	Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.