AusTraits

Wahlenbergia multicaulis

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Family Campanulaceae

Taxonomy: Wahlenbergia multicaulis Benth.

Synonyms: 5 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Lobelia dubia de Vriese (taxonomic synonym)
  • Wahlenbergia gracilis f. multicaulis (Benth.) Wawra (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Wahlenbergia multicaulis Benth. var. multicaulis (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Wahlenbergia simplicicaulis de Vriese (taxonomic synonym)
  • Wahlenbergia tadgellii Lothian (taxonomic synonym)
Misapplied names: 1 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Wahlenbergia gracilis (G.Forst.) A.DC. (pro parte misapplied)

Distribution (APC): WA, SA, Qld, NSW, ACT, Vic, Tas

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: Burrows_2008_2 (5), Burrows_2020 (5), Cheal_2017 (9), Draper_2023 (3), Jordan_2001 (6), Kew_2019_1 (1), Meers_2007 (11), Mokany_2015 (2), Morgan_2011_1 (5), NHNSW_2014_2 (2), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (16), NSWFRD_2014 (6), RBGV_2022 (3), RBGV_2023 (18), SAH_2022 (3), SAH_2023 (12), Sjostrom_2006 (4), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (4), WAH_2023_2 (2), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (20), Williams_2011 (9). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 59 traits from 153 records in 25 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): blue_purple (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (2); monoecious (1) [sources: Jordan_2001; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 8.25 mm (4-12.5 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 2.75 mm (1.5-4 mm) [sources: RBGV_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): capsule (4) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Jordan_2001; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (4) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 261.42 mm2 (168.1-376.99 mm2) [sources: Meers_2007; Mokany_2015]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 48 mm (4-115 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 4.17 mm (1-10 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 22.59 g/m2 (22.59-22.59 g/m2) [sources: Meers_2007]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): linear (2); narrowly_obovate (1); oblanceolate (3); oblong (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (2); toothed (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_margin_posture (categorical): flat (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (3); opposite (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (2) [sources: White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (8) [sources: NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • life_form (categorical): geophyte (1); hemicryptophyte (3) [sources: Cheal_2017; Meers_2007; Morgan_2011_1; Williams_2011]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (9); short_lived_perennial (1) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Cheal_2017; Jordan_2001; Morgan_2011_1; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (5) [sources: NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): decumbent (1); erect (1) [sources: WAH_2022_2]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (3) [sources: Meers_2007; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • root_structure (categorical): arbuscular_mycorrhizal (2) [sources: Meers_2007; Williams_2011]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • pollination_system (categorical): biotic_unspecialised (1) [sources: Williams_2011]
  • reproductive_maturity (numerical): 2.67 a (2.67-2.67 a) [sources: Burrows_2020]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (1); barochory (3); zoochory (1) [sources: Draper_2023; Meers_2007; Morgan_2011_1; White_2020; Williams_2011]
  • dispersers (categorical): invertebrates (1); passive (1) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnnnnn (1); yynnnnnnyyyy (2); yyyyyyyyyyyy (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; WAH_1998; White_2020]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): soil_seedbank (2) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): long_persistent (1); persistent (1) [sources: Cheal_2017; White_2020]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (2); vegetative (1) [sources: Meers_2007; Morgan_2011_1; White_2020]
  • clonal_spread_mechanism (categorical): adventitious_roots (1); root_buds (1) [sources: Meers_2007; Williams_2011]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): bud-bearing_root (1); none (1) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; NSWFRD_2014]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 0.01 mg (0.01-0.02 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1; Meers_2007]
  • seed_length (numerical): 0.4 mm (0.4-0.4 mm) [sources: Jordan_2001]
  • seed_width (numerical): 0.2 mm (0.2-0.2 mm) [sources: Jordan_2001]
  • seed_shape (categorical): ellipsoid_flattened (1) [sources: RBGV_2023]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
White_20202020M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
RBGV_20231418VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
NHNSW_20231216N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
SAH_2023912S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Meers_20071111T. Meers. “Role of plant functional traits in determining the response of vegetation to land use change on the Delatite Peninsula, Victoria.”. PhD. University of Melbourne, 2007.
Cheal_201799D. Cheal. Growth stages and tolerable fire intervals for Victoria's native vegetation data sets. Fire and adaptive management, report no. 84. Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, 2010.
Williams_201199R. P. Duncan, S. E. Clemants, R. T. Corlett, A. K. Hahs, M. A. McCarthy, M. J. McDonnell, M. W. Schwartz, K. Thompson, P. A. Vesk, and N. S. G. Williams. “Plant traits and extinction in urban areas: a meta-analysis of 11 cities”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20.4 (2011), pp. 509-519. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00633.x.
Jordan_200166G. J. Jordan. “An investigation of long-distance dispersal based on species native to both Tasmania and New Zealand”. Australian Journal of Botany 49.3 (2001), pp. 333-340. doi: 10.1071/bt00024.
NSWFRD_201466B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Burrows_2008_255N. D. Burrows, G. Wardell-Johnson, and B. Ward. “Post-fire juvenile period of plants in south-west Australia forests and implications for fire management”. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 91 (2008), pp. 163-174. ISSN: 0035922X. url: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/19156 (visited on 03/27/2025).
Burrows_202055N. Burrows. Data from 'Plant Ecological Attributes' theme, NatureMap, DBCA, WA. 2020.
Morgan_2011_155J. Morgan. “Unpublished data: Grassy woodland traits, La Trobe University”. 2011.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
WAH_2022_244Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Draper_202333J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
NHNSW_202233N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
RBGV_202233VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
SAH_202233S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Mokany_201512K. Mokany, J. J. Thomson, A. J. J. Lynch, G. J. Jordan, and S. Ferrier. “Linking changes in community composition and function under climate change”. Ecological Applications 25.8 (2015), pp. 2132-2141. doi: 10.1890/14-2384.1.
NHNSW_2014_222Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
WAH_2023_212Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Kew_2019_111Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
WAH_199811Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.