AusTraits

Xanthium occidentale

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Asteraceae

Taxonomy: Xanthium occidentale Bertol.

Synonyms: 3 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Xanthium 'chinense complex' (taxonomic synonym)
  • Xanthium chinense Mill. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Xanthium pungens Wallr. (taxonomic synonym)
Misapplied names: 1 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Xanthium strumarium L. (pro parte misapplied)

Distribution (APC): WA (naturalised), NT (naturalised), SA (naturalised), Qld (naturalised), NSW (naturalised), ACT (naturalised), Vic (naturalised)

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, NT eFlora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (14), Kubiak_2009 (1), Leishman_1992 (5), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (3), NHNSW_2022 (4), NHNSW_2023 (14), RBGV_2022 (4), RBGV_2023 (15), SAH_2022 (3), SAH_2023 (16), Stephens_2021 (3), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 27 traits from 89 records in 15 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • sex_type (categorical): monoecious (1) [sources: NHNSW_2022]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 12.5 mm (10-15 mm) [sources: RBGV_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): achene (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 3500 mm2 (3500-3500 mm2) [sources: Leishman_1992]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 100 mm (40-160 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 100 mm (40-160 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 6.75 cm (2-12 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): triangular (3); widely_ovate (3) [sources: NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_base_shape (categorical): cordate (2) [sources: NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): toothed (2); toothed_serrate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): lobed (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_lamina_posture (categorical): flat (1) [sources: SAH_2023]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (1) [sources: Munroe_2019]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (6) [sources: ABRS_2022; Leishman_1992; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • life_history (categorical): annual (6) [sources: ABRS_2022; Leishman_1992; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; RBGV_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): erect (1) [sources: RBGV_2022]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnyyyynnnnn (1); yyynnnnnnnny (1); yyyynnnnnnny (1) [sources: Stephens_2021]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • storage_organ (categorical): no_storage_organ (1) [sources: Leishman_1992]
whole plant morphology
  • plant_height (numerical): 1.8 m (0.5-2 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; Leishman_1992; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
SAH_20231316S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
RBGV_20231115VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
ABRS_20231014Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
NHNSW_20231114N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Leishman_199255M. R. Leishman and M. Westoby. “Classifying plants into groups on the basis of associations of individual traits-Evidence from Australian semi-arid woodlands”. Journal of Ecology 80 (1992), pp. 417-424. doi: 10.2307/2260687.
NHNSW_202244N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
RBGV_202244VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
ABRS_202233Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
NHNSW_2014_233Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
SAH_202233S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Stephens_202113R. Stephens. “Unpublished data: Flowering time data from TERN plots, Macquarie University.”. 2021.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Kubiak_200911P. J. Kubiak. “Fire responses of bushland plants after the January 1994 wildfires in northern Sydney”. Cunninghamia 11.1 (2009), pp. 131-165.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.