AusTraits

Xanthorrhoea australis

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Xanthorrhoeaceae

Taxonomy: Xanthorrhoea australis R.Br.

Synonyms: 2 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Xanthorrhoea australis R.Br. subsp. australis (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Xanthorrhoea australis subsp. australis (eastern form) (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): SA, NSW, Vic, Tas

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, SA eFlora, Vic Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (4), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (9), ANBG_2019 (5), Carey_2003 (3), Cheal_2017 (8), Chen_2017 (5), Clarke_2015 (3), Draper_2023 (3), Jordan_2001 (6), Kew_2019_1 (1), Kew_2019_6 (3), McGlone_2015 (6), Mokany_2015 (3), NHNSW_2014_2 (3), NHNSW_2022 (3), NHNSW_2023 (8), NSWFRD_2014 (11), RBGV_2023 (6), SAH_2022 (3), SAH_2023 (13), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), White_2020 (34). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 52 traits from 150 records in 25 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (1); resprouts (4) [sources: Carey_2003; Cheal_2017; Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014]
  • post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (2); post_fire_recruitment_absent (3) [sources: Carey_2003; Cheal_2017; Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014]
  • fire_time_from_fire_to_flowering (numerical): 12 mo (12-12 mo) [sources: NSWFRD_2014]
flower morphology
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (2); monoecious (1) [sources: Jordan_2001; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 17 mm (14-20 mm) [sources: SAH_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): capsule (5) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (3) [sources: Chen_2017; Jordan_2001; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (3) [sources: Chen_2017; SAH_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 3298.67 mm2 (3298.67-3298.67 mm2) [sources: Mokany_2015]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 1400 mm (1400-1400 mm) [sources: McGlone_2015]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 2.28 mm (1.2-3 mm) [sources: McGlone_2015; ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): obtrullate (3); rhomboidal (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: ABRS_1981; McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_glaucousness (categorical): glaucous (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_arrangement (categorical): clustered (1); crowded (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023; RBGV_2023; SAH_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (2) [sources: White_2020]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (5); palmoid (1); shrub (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; McGlone_2015; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022; White_2020]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (6) [sources: ABRS_2022; Cheal_2017; Jordan_2001; NHNSW_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (3); woody_like_stem (1) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; SAH_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): rosette (1) [sources: SAH_2023]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (1) [sources: ABRS_1981]
  • nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (2) [sources: White_2020]
  • parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (2) [sources: White_2020]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (3) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (1); barochory (2) [sources: Draper_2023; White_2020]
  • dispersers (categorical): wind (1) [sources: Draper_2023]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnyyyyyy (6) [sources: ABRS_1981; Chen_2017; NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): transient (4) [sources: Cheal_2017; NSWFRD_2014; White_2020]
  • vegetative_reproduction_ability (categorical): not_vegetative (2) [sources: White_2020]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): apical_buds (2); none (1); root_crown (1) [sources: Carey_2003; Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 11.4 mg (8.87-12.74 mg) [sources: ANBG_2019; Kew_2019_1; Mokany_2015]
  • seed_length (numerical): 7.92 mm (6.59-10 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019; Jordan_2001; SAH_2023]
  • seed_width (numerical): 3.32 mm (2.36-4.09 mm) [sources: ANBG_2019; Jordan_2001; SAH_2023]
  • seed_shape (categorical): ovoid (2); polyhedral (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; ANBG_2019; NHNSW_2023]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
White_20201734M. White, S. Sinclair, and D. Frood. Victorian Vital Attributes Database. database. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Victoria, 2020.
SAH_2023913S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
NSWFRD_2014911B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
ABRS_202389Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Cheal_201788D. Cheal. Growth stages and tolerable fire intervals for Victoria's native vegetation data sets. Fire and adaptive management, report no. 84. Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, 2010.
NHNSW_202378N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Jordan_200166G. J. Jordan. “An investigation of long-distance dispersal based on species native to both Tasmania and New Zealand”. Australian Journal of Botany 49.3 (2001), pp. 333-340. doi: 10.1071/bt00024.
McGlone_201566M. S. McGlone, S. J. Richardson, G. J. Jordan, and G. L. Perry. “Is there a `suboptimal' woody species height? A response to Scheffer et al.”. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 30.1 (2015), pp. 4-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2014.09.007.
RBGV_202356VicFlora. Flora of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/.
ANBG_201955Australian National Botanic Gardens. The National Seed Bank. 2018. url: http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/living/seedbank/.
Chen_201755Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
ABRS_198144B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
ABRS_202233Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Carey_200333A. C. &. M. E. &. P. H. &. M. L. &. T. M. &. P. O. &. S. S. &. D. S. &. N. Webb. Wildfires in the ACT 2003: Report on Initial Impacts on Natural Ecosystems. Technical Report No. 17. Environment ACT, 2003. url: https://www.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/2539593/17-wildfires-in-the-act-report-on-initial-impacts-on-natural-ecosystems-2003.pdf.
Clarke_201533P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Draper_202333J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. G. Conran, P. Weinstein, and B. S. Simpson. “Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia”. Australian Journal of Botany unknown.unknown (2023), p. unknown. doi: 10.1071/BT22110.
Kew_2019_613Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Mokany_201533K. Mokany, J. J. Thomson, A. J. J. Lynch, G. J. Jordan, and S. Ferrier. “Linking changes in community composition and function under climate change”. Ecological Applications 25.8 (2015), pp. 2132-2141. doi: 10.1890/14-2384.1.
NHNSW_2014_233Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
NHNSW_202233N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
SAH_202233S. H. of South Australia. eFlora of SA, Electronic Flora of South Australia. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Kew_2019_111Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.