Xanthorrhoea preissii

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Family Xanthorrhoeaceae

Taxonomy: Xanthorrhoea preissii Endl.

Synonyms: none listed in the APC 2026-07-30

Distribution (APC): WA

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, Florabase, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (4), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (8), Burrows_2008_2 (4), Burrows_2020 (4), Chen_2017 (5), Clarke_2015 (2), Detombeur_2021 (9), Funk_2016 (55), Kew_2019_1 (3), Laliberte_2012 (8), Moles_2011 (7), Munroe_2019 (1), Pekin_2011 (5), Pickup_2021 (3), Schmidt_1993 (2), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Standish_2019 (9), Sweedman_2006 (4), Tsakalos_2020 (17), Veneklaas_2003 (20), WAH_1998 (1), WAH_2022_2 (3), WAH_2023_2 (1), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wheeler_2002 (10). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 67 traits from 195 records in 27 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response

resprouting_capacity (categorical): partial_resprouting (1); resprouts (6) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Clarke_2015; Pekin_2011; Pickup_2021; Standish_2019; Tsakalos_2020]
post_fire_recruitment (categorical): post_fire_recruitment (1); post_fire_recruitment_absent (1) [sources: Clarke_2015; Pickup_2021]
fire_time_from_fire_to_flowering (numerical): 9 mo (9-9 mo) [sources: Burrows_2020]

flower morphology

sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]

fruit morphology

fruit_type (categorical): capsule (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (3) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006; Tsakalos_2020]
fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]

leaf morphology

leaf_area (numerical): 1049.18 mm2 (358.12-1809.02 mm2) [sources: Laliberte_2012; Moles_2011]
leaf_length (numerical): 675 mm (600-750 mm) [sources: Wheeler_2002]
leaf_width (numerical): 2.5 mm (2-3 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Wheeler_2002]
leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 619.43 g/m2 (366.11-929.95 g/m2) [sources: Funk_2016; Laliberte_2012; Moles_2011; Veneklaas_2003]
leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.39 g/g (0.31-0.54 g/g) [sources: Laliberte_2012; Moles_2011; Veneklaas_2003]
leaf_water_content_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.67 g/g (0.67-0.67 g/g) [sources: Veneklaas_2003]
leaf_type (categorical): needle (1) [sources: Veneklaas_2003]
leaf_shape (categorical): linear (1); rhomboidal (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; Wheeler_2002]
leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_lobation (categorical): unlobed (1) [sources: Wheeler_2002]
leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: ABRS_1981; Tsakalos_2020; Wheeler_2002]
leaf_glaucousness (categorical): not_glaucous (2) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_hairs_adult_leaves (categorical): glabrous (1); hairy (1) [sources: Moles_2011; Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_hairs_immature_leaves (categorical): glabrous (1) [sources: Moles_2011]
leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
leaf_arrangement (categorical): crowded (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; Tsakalos_2020]

life history

photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (3) [sources: Munroe_2019; Tsakalos_2020; Veneklaas_2003]
plant_growth_form (categorical): herb (2); palmoid (4); shrub (4); tree (1) [sources: ABRS_2022; Funk_2016; Laliberte_2012; Moles_2011; Pickup_2021; Schmidt_1993; Standish_2019; Veneklaas_2003; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022; Wheeler_2002]
life_form (categorical): phanerophyte (1) [sources: Funk_2016]
life_history (categorical): perennial (10) [sources: ABRS_2022; Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Funk_2016; Pekin_2011; Standish_2019; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2023; Wheeler_2002]
woodiness_detailed (categorical): herbaceous (1); woody (1); woody_like_stem (2) [sources: ABRS_2022; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_2022_2; Wenk_2022]
stem_growth_habit (categorical): erect (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; Veneklaas_2003]
nitrogen_fixing (categorical): non_nitrogen_fixer (4) [sources: Funk_2016; Pekin_2011; Standish_2019; Veneklaas_2003]
root_structure (categorical): arbuscular_mycorrhizal (6) [sources: Funk_2016; Laliberte_2012; Pekin_2011; Schmidt_1993; Standish_2019; Tsakalos_2020]
parasitic (categorical): not_parasitic (1) [sources: Tsakalos_2020]
flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnyyyyyyy (1); yyyyyyyyyyyn (2); yyyyyyyyyyyy (1) [sources: ABRS_1981; Chen_2017; Tsakalos_2020; WAH_1998]
seedbank_location (categorical): soil_seedbank (1) [sources: Standish_2019]
bud_bank_location (categorical): apical_buds (2); basal_buds (1) [sources: Burrows_2008_2; Burrows_2020; Pekin_2011]

nutrient and stable isotope

leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 8.15 mg/g (5.9-10.7 mg/g) [sources: Funk_2016; Standish_2019; Veneklaas_2003]
leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.56 mg/g (0.31-1.34 mg/g) [sources: Detombeur_2021; Funk_2016; Standish_2019]

seed morphology

seed_dry_mass (numerical): 17.06 mg (14.8-18.52 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1; Standish_2019]
seed_shape (categorical): ovoid (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]

whole plant morphology

plant_height (numerical): 3.67 m (3-5 m) [sources: ABRS_1981; WAH_2023_2; Wheeler_2002]
plant_physical_defence_structures (categorical): absent (2) [sources: Moles_2011; Tsakalos_2020]

Sources

dataset_id	n_traits	n_records	reference
Funk_2016	15	55	J. L. Funk, R. J. Standish, W. D. Stock, and F. Valladares. “Plant functional traits of dominant native and invasive species in mediterranean-climate ecosystems”. Ecology 97.1 (2016), pp. 75-83. doi: 10.1890/15-0974.1.
Veneklaas_2003	18	20	E. J. Veneklaas and P. Poot. “Seasonal patterns in water use and leaf turnover of different plant functional types in a species-rich woodland, south-western Australia”. Plant and Soil 257.2 (2003), pp. 295-304. doi: 10.1023/a:1027383920150.
Tsakalos_2020	16	17	J. L. Tsakalos, M. Renton, F. Riviera, E. J. Veneklaas, M. P. Dobrowolski, and L. Mucina. “Trait-based formal definition of plant functional types and functional communities in the multi-species and multi-traits context”. Ecological Complexity 40 (2019), p. 100787. doi: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2019.100787.
Wheeler_2002	8	10	J. R. Wheeler, N. G. Marchant, and M. Lewington. Flora of the south west: Bunbury, Augusta, Denmark. Australian Biological Resources Study ; University of Western Australia Press, 2002. ISBN: 9780642568168.
Detombeur_2021	9	9	F. de Tombeur, E. Laliberte, H. Lambers, M. Faucon, G. Zemunik, B. L. Turner, J. Cornelis, and G. Mahy. “A shift from phenol to silica-based leaf defenses during long-term soil and ecosystem development”. Ecology Letters 24.5 (2021), pp. 984-995. doi: 10.1111/ele.13713.
Standish_2019	9	9	R. Standish. “Unpublished data: Jarrah forest, Murdoch University”. 2019.
ABRS_2023	7	8	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Laliberte_2012	5	8	E. Laliberte, B. L. Turner, T. Costes, S. J. Pearse, K. Wyrwoll, G. Zemunik, and H. Lambers. “Experimental assessment of nutrient limitation along a 2-million-year dune chronosequence in the south-western Australia biodiversity hotspot”. Journal of Ecology 100 (2012), pp. 631-642. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2012.01962.x.
Moles_2011	7	7	A. T. Moles, I. R. Wallis, W. J. Foley, D. I. Warton, J. C. Stegen, A. J. Bisigato, L. Cella-Pizarro, C. J. Clark, P. S. Cohen, W. K. Cornwell, W. Edwards, R. Ejrnaes, T. Gonzales-Ojeda, B. J. Graae, G. Hay, F. C. Lumbwe, B. Magana-Rodriguez, B. D. Moore, P. L. Peri, J. R. Poulsen, R. Veldtman, H. von Zeipel, N. R. Andrew, S. L. Boulter, E. T. Borer, F. F. Campon, M. Coll, A. G. Farji-Brener, J. D. Gabriel, E. Jurado, L. A. Kyhn, B. Low, C. P. H. Mulder, K. Reardon-Smith, J. Rodriguez-Velazquez, E. W. Seabloom, P. A. Vesk, A. van Cauter, M. S. Waldram, Z. Zheng, P. G. Blendinger, B. J. Enquist, J. M. Facelli, T. Knight, J. D. Majer, M. Martinez-Ramos, P. McQuillan, and L. D. Prior. “Putting plant resistance traits on the map: A test of the idea that plants are better defended at lower latitudes”. New Phytologist 191.3 (2011), pp. 777-788. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03732.x.
Chen_2017	5	5	Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
Pekin_2011	5	5	B. K. Pekin, R. S. Wittkuhn, M. M. Boer, C. Macfarlane, and P. F. Grierson. “Plant functional traits along environmental gradients in seasonally dry and fire-prone ecosystem”. Journal of Vegetation Science 22 (2011), pp. 1009-1020. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01323.x.
ABRS_1981	4	4	B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Burrows_2008_2	4	4	N. D. Burrows, G. Wardell-Johnson, and B. Ward. “Post-fire juvenile period of plants in south-west Australia forests and implications for fire management”. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 91 (2008), pp. 163-174. ISSN: 0035922X. url: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/19156 (visited on 03/27/2025).
Burrows_2020	4	4	N. Burrows. Data from 'Plant Ecological Attributes' theme, NatureMap, DBCA, WA. 2020.
Sjostrom_2006	4	4	A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
Sweedman_2006	2	4	L. Sweedman and D. Merritt. Australian Seeds: A Guide to Their Collection, Identification, and Biology. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. ISBN: 9780643094079.
ABRS_2022	3	3	Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Kew_2019_1	1	3	Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Pickup_2021	3	3	M. Pickup and T. McDonald. Bushfire impacts — A national model for assessing local landscape restoration priorities. Project Phoenix Report. Greening Australia, 2021. url: https://www.greeningaustralia.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/1.02R2.pdf.
WAH_2022_2	3	3	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Clarke_2015	2	2	P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Schmidt_1993	2	2	S. Schmidt. “Unpublished data: Compilation of mycorrhizal status data, University of Queensland”. 1993.
Wenk_2022	2	2	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Munroe_2019	1	1	S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
WAH_1998	1	1	Western Australian Herbarium. FloraBase: The Western Australian flora. 1998. url: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au.
WAH_2023_2	1	1	Western Australian Herbarium. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/.
Wenk_2023	1	1	E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.