AusTraits

Ximenia americana

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Olacaceae

Taxonomy: Ximenia americana L.

Synonyms: 2 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Ximena americana K.A.W.Williams (orthographic variant)
  • Ximenia exarmata F.Muell. (taxonomic synonym)

Distribution (APC): Qld

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (1), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (21), ATRP_2020 (1), Chen_2017 (4), Cooper_2013 (13), Crowley_2007 (2), Kew_2019_1 (10), Kew_2019_4 (1), Kew_2019_5 (1), Kew_2019_6 (2), Kooyman_2011 (12), NTH_2014 (4), NTH_2022 (4), NTH_2023 (15), Nano_2011 (4), RussellSmith_2012 (4), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Stephens_2023 (1), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wright_2000 (2), eFLOWER_2021 (31), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (37). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 70 traits from 180 records in 24 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
  • resprouting_capacity (categorical): fire_killed (3) [sources: Crowley_2007; Nano_2011; RussellSmith_2012]
flower morphology
  • flower_diameter (numerical): 1.2 cm (1.2-1.2 cm) [sources: eFLOWER_Dun_2022]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1) [sources: Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 21 mm (17-25 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013; NTH_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 21.5 mm (15-30 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013; NTH_2023]
  • fruit_height (numerical): 21 mm (17-25 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): drupe (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): fleshy (3) [sources: Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): indehiscent (3) [sources: Chen_2017; Cooper_2013; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_colour (categorical): yellow (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_length (numerical): 46.67 mm (30-75 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Kooyman_2011; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 25 mm (10-40 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; Kooyman_2011; NTH_2023]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 0.7 cm (0.5-0.9 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (2); obovate (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): unlobed (1) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; Kooyman_2011; NTH_2014]
  • leaf_lamina_posture (categorical): flat (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): alternate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NTH_2023]
life history
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): climber_herbaceous (1); shrub (6); tree (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; ATRP_2020; Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011; NTH_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; NTH_2022; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; NTH_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): erect (1) [sources: NTH_2022]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): deciduous (1); evergreen (2) [sources: ABRS_1981; Kooyman_2011; NTH_2014]
  • pollination_syndrome (categorical): insect (1) [sources: Stephens_2023]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): hydrochory (1) [sources: Kew_2019_5]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnyyyy (1); nnnnnyyyyynn (1) [sources: Cooper_2013; NTH_2014]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): none (1) [sources: Nano_2011]
  • serotiny (categorical): not_serotinous (1) [sources: Nano_2011]
  • seedbank_longevity_class (categorical): persistent (1) [sources: RussellSmith_2012]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): none (2) [sources: Crowley_2007; Nano_2011]
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 851.61 mg (587.54-1563.38 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1]
  • seed_length (numerical): 21.75 mm (15-24 mm) [sources: Cooper_2013; Kooyman_2011]
  • seed_width (numerical): 17 mm (12-22 mm) [sources: Kooyman_2011]
whole plant morphology
  • plant_height (numerical): 5 m (5-5 m) [sources: ABRS_2023; Cooper_2013]

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
eFLOWER_Dun_20222737L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
eFLOWER_20212331J. Schönenberger, M. Balthazar, A. L. Martinez, B. Albert, C. Prieu, S. Magallon, and H. Sauquet. “Phylogenetic analysis of fossil flowers using an angiosperm-wide data set: proof-of-concept and challenges ahead”. American Journal of Botany 107.10 (2020), pp. 1433-1448. doi: 10.1002/ajb2.1538.
ABRS_20231521Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
NTH_2023915D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Cooper_20131013W. Cooper and W. T. Cooper. Australian rainforest fruits. CSIRO Publishing, 2013, p. 272.
Kooyman_2011812R. Kooyman, M. Rossetto, W. Cornwell, and M. Westoby. “Phylogenetic tests of community assembly across regional to continental scales in tropical and subtropical rain forests”. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20 (2011), pp. 707-716. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00641.x.
Kew_2019_1110Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Chen_201744Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
NTH_201444Northern Territory Herbarium. Flora of the Darwin Region Online. 2014. url: http://www.lrm.nt.gov.au/plants-and-animals/herbarium/darwin_flora_online.
NTH_202244D. of Land Resource Management and N. T. of Australia. Northern Territory Flora Online. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: http://eflora.nt.gov.au/.
Nano_201144C. E. M. Nano and P. J. Clarke. “How do drought and fire influence the patterns of resprouting in Australian deserts?”. Plant Ecology 212 (2011), pp. 2095-2110. doi: 10.1007/s11258-011-9988-x.
RussellSmith_201244J. Russell-Smith, M. R. Gardener, C. Brock, K. Brennan, C. P. Yates, and B. Grace. “Fire persistence traits can be used to predict vegetation response to changing fire regimes at expansive landscape scales - an Australian example”. Journal of Biogeography 39 (2012), pp. 1657-1668. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02714.x.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
ABRS_202233Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Crowley_200722G. Crowley, M. Gardener, and M. Marrinan. Tropical savannas fire response database. 2007. url: [www.landmanager.org.au](www.landmanager.org.au).
Kew_2019_612Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Germination data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Wright_200022I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.
ABRS_198111B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
ATRP_202011F. A. Zich, B. P. Hyland, T. Whiffin, and R. A. Kerrigan. Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants, Edition 8. 2020. url: https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/intro/index.html.
Kew_2019_411Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Oil content data from Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Kew_2019_511Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed dispersal data from the Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Stephens_202311R. E. Stephens, R. V. Gallagher, L. Dun, W. Cornwell, and H. Sauquet. “Insect pollination for most of angiosperm evolutionary history”. New Phytologist 240.2 (2023), pp. 880-891. ISSN: 1469-8137. doi: 10.1111/nph.18993.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.