AusTraits

Xylomelum pyriforme

Explore the data for this taxon in the portal

Family Proteaceae

Taxonomy: Xylomelum pyriforme (Gaertn.) Knight

Synonyms: 5 (APC 2026-07-30)
  • Banksia pyriformis Gaertn. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Conchium pyriforme (Gaertn.) Willd. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Grevillea pyriformis Meisn. (taxonomic synonym)
  • Hakea pyriformis (Gaertn.) Cav. (nomenclatural synonym)
  • Xylomelum pyriforme (Gaertn.) Knight var. pyriforme (nomenclatural synonym)

Distribution (APC): NSW

Profiles: APC, Flora of Australia, ALA, iNaturalist, NSW Flora, ATRP

Traits

Top source datasets: ABRS_1981 (5), ABRS_2022 (3), ABRS_2023 (15), Chen_2017 (5), Clarke_2015 (3), Collette_2021 (1), Duncan_1998 (26), Fonseca_2000 (5), Gallagher_2018 (20), Grootemaat_2015 (223), Hughes_1992 (4), Ilic_2000 (2), Jordan_2020 (19), Kew_2019_1 (1), Kubiak_2009 (7), Moles_2000 (3), Munroe_2019 (1), NHNSW_2014_2 (3), NHNSW_2022 (4), NHNSW_2023 (23), NSWFRD_2014 (9), Niinemets_2009 (74), Sjostrom_2006 (4), Tsujii_2023 (8), Wenk_2022 (2), Wenk_2023 (1), Wright_2000 (5), Wright_2002 (83), Wright_2009 (43), eFLOWER_Dun_2022 (20). See below for a full list of sources.
Summary: AusTraits contains 159 traits from 622 records in 30 datasets.

Traits by category (click to expand). For categorical traits, the values are listed. For numerical traits, the mean and range are shown.

fire response
flower morphology
  • flower_colour (categorical): white_cream (2); yellow_orange (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2; eFLOWER_Dun_2022]
  • sex_type (categorical): hermaphrodite (1); polygamous (1) [sources: NHNSW_2022; Sjostrom_2006]
fruit morphology
  • fruit_length (numerical): 75 mm (60-90 mm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • fruit_width (numerical): 40 mm (30-50 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • fruit_type (categorical): follicle (3) [sources: Chen_2017; NHNSW_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_fleshiness (categorical): dry (2) [sources: Chen_2017; Sjostrom_2006]
  • fruit_dehiscence (categorical): dehiscent (4) [sources: ABRS_2023; Chen_2017; NHNSW_2023; Sjostrom_2006]
leaf morphology
  • leaf_area (numerical): 3703.84 mm2 (2460-5925.9 mm2) [sources: Duncan_1998; Fonseca_2000; Gallagher_2018; Grootemaat_2015; Jordan_2020; Moles_2000; Niinemets_2009; Wright_2002]
  • leaf_length (numerical): 138.97 mm (99-200 mm) [sources: Grootemaat_2015; ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_width (numerical): 43.76 mm (30-50 mm) [sources: Fonseca_2000; Grootemaat_2015; ABRS_1981; ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_dry_mass (numerical): 756.62 mg (430-1246 mg) [sources: Duncan_1998; Fonseca_2000; Gallagher_2018; Grootemaat_2015]
  • petiole_length (numerical): 2.42 cm (1.2-4 cm) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_mass_per_area (numerical): 176.6 g/m2 (134.39-263.16 g/m2) [sources: Duncan_1998; Fonseca_2000; Gallagher_2018; Grootemaat_2015; Jordan_2020; Moles_2000; Niinemets_2009; Tsujii_2023; Wright_2002]
  • leaf_dry_matter_content (numerical): 0.53 g/g (0.49-0.57 g/g) [sources: Duncan_1998]
  • leaf_water_content_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.86 g/g (0.86-0.86 g/g) [sources: Grootemaat_2015]
  • leaf_shape (categorical): elliptical (2); narrowly_elliptical (1); oblanceolate (1); ovate (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_base_shape (categorical): cuneate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_margin (categorical): entire (3); toothed (1) [sources: ABRS_2023; Jordan_2020; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_lobation (categorical): unlobed (1) [sources: Jordan_2020]
  • leaf_compoundness (categorical): simple (3) [sources: ABRS_2023; Jordan_2020; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_hairs_adult_leaves (categorical): glabrous (2) [sources: Jordan_2020; Moles_2000]
  • leaf_phyllotaxis (categorical): opposite (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • leaf_stomatal_density_abaxial (numerical): 226.71 {count}/mm2 (226.71-226.71 {count}/mm2) [sources: Jordan_2020]
  • plant_photosynthetic_organ (categorical): leaf (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
life history
  • photosynthetic_pathway (categorical): c3 (2) [sources: Duncan_1998; Munroe_2019]
  • plant_growth_form (categorical): shrub (5); tree (5) [sources: ABRS_2022; Fonseca_2000; Hughes_1992; NHNSW_2022; NSWFRD_2014; Wenk_2022]
  • life_history (categorical): perennial (4) [sources: ABRS_2022; Jordan_2020; NHNSW_2022; Wenk_2023]
  • woodiness_detailed (categorical): woody (3) [sources: ABRS_2022; NHNSW_2022; Wenk_2022]
  • stem_growth_habit (categorical): prostrate (1) [sources: NHNSW_2014_2]
  • leaf_phenology (categorical): evergreen (1) [sources: ABRS_1981]
  • dispersal_syndrome (categorical): anemochory (2) [sources: Hughes_1992; NSWFRD_2014]
  • dispersers (categorical): wind (1) [sources: NSWFRD_2014]
  • flowering_time (categorical): nnnnnnnnnynn (1); nnnnnnnnnyyn (1); nnnnnnnnyyyn (3) [sources: ABRS_1981; Chen_2017; Hughes_1992; NHNSW_2014_2; NSWFRD_2014]
  • seedbank_location (categorical): canopy_seedbank (1) [sources: NSWFRD_2014]
  • serotiny (categorical): serotinous (1) [sources: Hughes_1992]
  • seed_dormancy_class (categorical): non_dormant (1) [sources: Collette_2021]
  • storage_organ (categorical): lignotuber (1) [sources: NSWFRD_2014]
  • bud_bank_location (categorical): basal_stem_buds (1); bud-bearing_root (1); epicormic_buds (2) [sources: Clarke_2015; NSWFRD_2014]
nutrient and stable isotope
  • leaf_N_per_dry_mass (numerical): 8.97 mg/g (5.8-13 mg/g) [sources: Gallagher_2018; Niinemets_2009; Tsujii_2023; Wright_2002]
  • leaf_P_per_dry_mass (numerical): 0.35 mg/g (0.28-0.41 mg/g) [sources: Gallagher_2018; Niinemets_2009; Tsujii_2023; Wright_2002]
  • leaf_delta13C (numerical): -30.53 {delta}[ppth] (-32.3--29.22 {delta}[ppth]) [sources: Niinemets_2009; Wright_2002]
physiology
seed morphology
  • seed_dry_mass (numerical): 275.57 mg (275.57-275.57 mg) [sources: Kew_2019_1]
  • seed_length (numerical): 66.67 mm (50-70 mm) [sources: ABRS_1981; ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
  • seed_width (numerical): 14 mm (10-18 mm) [sources: NHNSW_2023]
  • seed_shape (categorical): winged (2) [sources: ABRS_2023; NHNSW_2023]
stem morphology
  • wood_density (numerical): 0.57 mg/mm3 (0.52-0.62 mg/mm3) [sources: Ilic_2000]
whole plant morphology

Sources

dataset_idn_traitsn_recordsreference
Grootemaat_201517223S. Grootemaat, I. J. Wright, P. M. Bodegom, J. H. C. Cornelissen, and W. K. Cornwell. “Burn or rot: leaf traits explain why flammability and decomposability are decoupled across species”. Functional Ecology 29.11 (2015), pp. 1486-1497. doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.12449.
Wright_20023483I. J. Wright and M. Westoby. “Leaves at low versus high rainfall: Coordination of structure, lifespan and physiology”. New Phytologist 155 (2002), pp. 403-416. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00479.x.
Niinemets_20092674Ü. Niinemets, I. J. Wright, and J. R. Evans. “Leaf mesophyll diffusion conductance in 35 Australian sclerophylls covering a broad range of foliage structural and physiological variation”. Journal of Experimental Botany 60 (2009), pp. 2433-2449. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erp045.
Wright_20091343I. J. Wright. “Unpublished data: Leaf pigment and reflectance data for sclerophylls, Macquarie University”. 2009.
Duncan_19981426D. H. Duncan. “Unpublished data: Structural basis of variation in leaf mass per area in three plant clades, Macquarie University”. 1998.
NHNSW_20231623N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2023. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Gallagher_2018520R. Gallagher, A. Phillips, B. Laugier-Kitchener, C. Laws, D. Lanceman, D. M. Londono, E. McFarlane, J. Foster, K. Marais, L. Pollitt, L. Kovac, M. Lambert, S. Amini, T. Boreham, T. Pyne, H. McPherson, M. Rossetto, M. van der Merwe, I. Wright, and and Matthew Alfonzetti. “Unpublished data: Trait campaign with the Royal Botanical Gardens, Macquarie University”. 2018.
eFLOWER_Dun_20221720L. Dun and H. Sauquet. “Unpublished: Floral traits for GAP taxa, University of New South Wales, Australia”. 2022.
Jordan_20201919G. J. Jordan, R. J. Carpenter, B. R. Holland, N. J. Beeton, M. D. Woodhams, and T. J. Brodribb. “Links between environment and stomatal size through evolutionary time in Proteaceae”. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287.1919 (2020), p. 20192876. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2876.
ABRS_20231215Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2023. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
NSWFRD_201499B. Kenny, C. Orscheg, E. Tasker, M. A. Gill, and R. Bradstock. NSW Flora Fire Response Database, v2.1. database. NSW Department of Planning Industry and Environment, 2014.
Tsujii_202388Y. Tsujii, B. J. Atwell, H. Lambers, and I. J. Wright. “Leaf phosphorus fractions vary with leaf economic traits among 35 Australian woody species”. New Phytologist 241.5 (2024), pp. 1985-1997. ISSN: 1469-8137. doi: 10.1111/nph.19513.
Kubiak_200947P. J. Kubiak. “Fire responses of bushland plants after the January 1994 wildfires in northern Sydney”. Cunninghamia 11.1 (2009), pp. 131-165.
ABRS_198155B. A. Barlow, H. T. Clifford, A. S. George, and A. K. A. McCusker. Flora of Australia. 1981. url: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/flora/main/.
Chen_201755Chen, S.-C., Cornwell, W., Z. H.-X., Moles, and A. T. “Plants show more flesh in the tropics: Variation in fruit type along latitudinal and climatic gradients.”. Ecography 40 (2017), pp. 531-538. doi: abs/10.1111/ecog.02010.
Fonseca_200055C. R. Fonseca, J. M. Overton, B. Collins, and M. Westoby. “Shifts in trait-combinations along rainfall and phosphorus gradients”. Journal of Ecology 88 (2000), pp. 964-977. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00506.x.
Wright_200055I. J. Wright, H. T. Clifford, R. Kidson, M. L. Reed, B. L. Rice, and M. Westoby. “A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian dicotyledon species: Cross-species trait correlations and correlated trait-shifts within evolutionary lineages”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69 (2000), pp. 521-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01222.x.
Hughes_199244L. Hughes and B. Rice. “Unpublished data: Traits data for 643 species, Macquarie University”. 1992.
NHNSW_202244N. H. of New South Wales. The Plant Information Network System of The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Version 2.0.. accessed on 6 May, 2022.. 2022. url: https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Sjostrom_200644A. Sjöström and C. L. Gross. “Life-history characters and phylogeny are correlated with extinction risk in the Australian angiosperms”. Journal of Biogeography 33.2 (2006), pp. 271-290. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01393.x.
ABRS_202233Australian Biological Resources Study. Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.. accessed on 14 September, 2022.. 2022. url: http://www.ausflora.org.au.
Clarke_201533P. J. Clarke, M. J. Lawes, B. P. Murphy, J. Russell-Smith, C. E. Nano, R. Bradstock, N. J. Enright, J. B. Fontaine, C. R. Gosper, I. Radford, J. J. Midgley, and R. M. Gunton. “A synthesis of postfire recovery traits of woody plants in Australian ecosystems”. Science of The Total Environment 534 (2015), pp. 31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.002.
Moles_200033A. T. Moles and M. Westoby. “Do small leaves expand faster than large leaves, and do shorter expansion times reduce herbivore damage?”. OIKOS 90.3 (2000), pp. 517-524. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0706.2000.900310.x..
NHNSW_2014_233Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. PLantNET: NSW flora online. 2014. url: http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/.
Ilic_200012J. Ilic, D. Boland, M. McDonald, D. G, and P. Blakemore. Woody density phase 1 - State of knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System. Technical Report 18. Tech. rep. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia, 2000.
Wenk_202222E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant growth forms dataset”. 2022.
Collette_202111J. C. Collette and M. K. J. Ooi. “Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature”. Annals of Botany 127.5 (2021), pp. 613-620. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa203.
Kew_2019_111Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID) and Seed Bank Database. 2019. url: http://data.kew.org/sid/.
Munroe_201911S. E. M. Munroe, F. A. McInerney, J. Andrae, N. Welti, G. R. Guerin, E. Leitch, T. Hall, S. Szarvas, R. Atkins, S. Caddy-Retalic, and B. Sparrow. “The Photosynthetic Pathways of Plant Species Surveyed in Australia's National Terrestrial Monitoring Network”. Scientific Data 8 (2021), p. 97. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00877-z.
Wenk_202311E. Wenk. “Unpublished data: Australian plant life history dataset, University of New South Wales, Sydney”. 2023.